题目内容

【题目】河口拦门沙（又称河口坝）是发育在河口地区的一种常见的地貌单元。磨刀门水道是珠江八大口门之一，磨刀门水道前端发育的交杯沙系列沙坝是珠江河口坝体系的一部分，它是由河道径流、海洋波浪及潮汐共同作用形成的。交杯四沙—灯笼沙—白藤岛—三灶岛之间是一条呈喇叭状的潮道。下图示意磨刀门水道的形态特征，MN为交杯四沙的一条剖面线。读图完成下面小题。

【1】P处泥沙移动所受的主要外力来自

A. 河流 B. 洋流 C. 潮汐 D. 波浪

【2】灯笼沙水下沉积物以细砂沉积为主的主要原因是

A. 珠江含沙量小 B. 地转偏向力的作用

C. 采砂强度较大 D. 潮汐、波浪和径流作用大致相当

【3】交杯四沙

①涨潮时M侧以堆积为主 ②涨潮时M侧以侵蚀为主

③落潮时N侧以堆积为主 ④落潮时N侧以侵蚀为主

A. ①② B. ③④ C. ②④ D. ①③

【答案】

【1】A

【2】D

【3】C

【解析】

【1】读图，P处位于河流入海口，正对着入海径流方向，泥沙移动所受的主要外力来自河流，A对。河流入海口处，洋流、潮汐、波浪对泥沙移动有影响，不是主要因素，B、C、D错。

【2】灯笼沙水下沉积物以细砂沉积为主的主要原因是潮汐、波浪和径流作用大致相当，D对。珠江含沙量小，不是沉积细沙的原因，A错。与地转偏向力的作用无关，B错。采砂强度较大，颗粒越大，C错。

【3】交杯四沙涨潮时M侧正对潮水来向，以侵蚀为主，①错、②对。落潮时对受潮水冲击，N侧以侵蚀为主，③错、④对。C对，A、B、D错。

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