题目内容

【题目】阅读下面一首宋词,然后回答问题。

八声甘州

对潇潇暮雨洒江天,一番洗清秋。渐霜风凄紧,关河冷落,残照当楼。是处红衰翠减,苒苒物华休。惟有长江水,无语东流。

不忍登高临远,望故乡渺邈,归思难收。叹年来踪迹,何事苦淹留?想佳人妆楼颙望,误几回、天际识归舟。争知我,倚阑干处,正恁凝愁!

【1】这首词起笔不凡,写了什么内容?请简要分析。

2渐霜风凄紧中的字在这首词中有何作用?请具体分析。

3永是较早把游子羁旅情怀纳入词中的人。这首词的主题是游子思归。陈廷焯称此词为古今杰构,是耆卿集中仅见之作(《词则·大雅集》);王国维更以此词与苏轼的《水调歌头》媲美,认为此二作皆格高千古,不能以常调论也。请谈谈你的理解。

【答案】

【1】这首词起笔不凡,开头两句写雨后江天,澄澈如洗。一个字,已写出登临纵目、望极天涯的境界。当时,天色已晚,暮雨潇潇,洒遍江天,千里无垠。其中字、字和字,三个上声,循声高诵,定觉素秋清爽,无与伦比。

【2】在首词中起承上启下的作用,领起下文。字承上句而言,当此清秋复经雨涤,于是时光景物遂又生一番变化。这样词人用一字,神态毕备。秋已更深,雨洗暮空,乃觉凉风忽至,其气凄然而遒劲。

3这首词的主题是游子思归,章法结构细密,融写景。抒情为一体,以铺叙见长。词中思乡怀人之思绪展现得淋漓尽致。而白描手法,再加上通俗的语言,将这复杂的思绪表达得明白如话。柳词本以柔婉见长,此词却以沉雄之魄、清劲之气写奇丽之情,将志士悲慨与儿女柔情结合,体现刚柔相济的艺术美。”“”“”“”“等单字用于开篇与转折处,骨节灵通,强而有力,如点睛之龙破壁而飞。由此可知柳永的《八声甘州》为何会受到如此之高的评价。

【解析】

【1】主要考查对诗词内容大意的概括。

注意题干中的要求是这首词起笔,圈定了内容,即诗词的前两句的大意。

【2】考查对诗词中关键字的理解。解答这道题目的时候,从结构和内容两方面来回答。

3鉴赏文学作品的形象、语言和表达技巧。能力层级为鉴赏评价D。

解答此类题目,重点是读懂诗句大意,然后理解诗词的主旨:这首词的主题是游子思归。抓住诗词的主旨,再结合题干中的古今杰构”“格高千古,不能以常调论也,从本诗词的高格调来阐发。

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【题目】An underwater robot that can hear the calls of whales, and to help ships to avoid them, has just been successfully tested in the Bahamas.

The scheme relies on a fish-shaped glider that moves freely through the ocean. It can dive down as far as 200 meters below the surface and direct itself by shifting a weight from fore to aft. A microphone attached to the bottom of the glider can pick up calls from all whales, including the high frequency call of the beaked whale, which until now has been difficult to detect. The glider returns periodically to the surface to radio its data back to base, or if that's too far away, it can call a satellite phone and send its information anywhere in the world.

"We are entering a new era of underwater sensing' says Jim Theriault of Defence Research and Development Canada, in Dartmouth, Nova Scotia who ran the trial. "We can put a glider in the Bahamas and monitor it in Nova Scotia.

The hope is that naval or other ocean-going operations that use sonar (声呐)will be able to more easily track where whales are, and so avoid using their noisy equipment when they are close by. There is circumstantial evidence that sonar can upset whales and a number of strandings (搁浅)have been seen shortly after naval sonar operations. “We're trying to lower the potential risk by knowing the animals are there says Theriault.

1 The shape of the underwater robot is like __________

A. a man

. a fish

C. a snake

D. a turtle

2 The underwater robot is built to __________.

A. help whales move to the Bahamas

B. help whales give birth to their young

C. help ships avoid whales

D. help humans kill more whales

3 To radio its data back to base, the robot has to __________

A. dive down as far as 200 meters below the surface

B. stay deep in the water

C. call a satellite phone

D. come to the surface periodically

4 The best title for this passage is __________ ”.

A. Whales are in danger

B. Whales are difficult to find

C. Robot built to kill whales

D. Robot built to spy on whales

5 Which of the following statements is FALSE?

A. Whales can be disturbed by naval sonar operations.

B. Whales can be disturbed by noisy equipment.

C. Whales can be disturbed by noisy ocean-going operations.

D. Whales' strandings have nothing to do with naval sonar operations.

【题目】(四川省雅安市高中2017第三次诊断性考试阅读下面这首宋词,完成小题

水龙吟

苏轼

小沟东接长江,柳堤苇岸连云际。烟村潇洒,人闲一哄,渔樵早市。永昼端居,寸阴虚度,了成何事。但丝莼玉藕,珠粳锦鲤,相留恋,又经岁。

因念浮丘①旧侣,惯瑶池、羽觞沈醉。青鸾歌舞,铢衣摇曳,壶中天地。飘堕人间,步虚声断,寒露风细。抱素琴,独向银蟾影里,此怀难寄。

【注】①浮丘:浮丘公,古仙人名。

【1】面对这酋词的赏析不正确的两项是

A.上片开头五句写景:小沟、长江、柳堤、苇岸、烟村、早市。描绘出一辐开阔辽远,祥和而富有生 机的风景画。

B.在这样一个民风淳朴,景色极佳的小村,词人整天闲居无事,没有凡事纷扰,关心的唯有莼菜与玉藕等美食,过着寻常百姓的生活。

C.下片开头六句运用仙话寄托的笔法:词人此时被贬黄州,他想象着浮丘仙人式的、瑶池 境般的沉醉生活,再现了众青鸾穿着摇曳铢衣,进入壶中天地歌舞的缥缈美景。这反映出他遭逢大变,灵肉煎熬,想要逃避现实的心态。

D.飘坠人间三句,作者笔锋一转,由仙境陡然坠入人间,反照现实,过着露寒风细贫困的贬居生活,好不凄凉,可见当时的苏轼面临着精神和物质的双重困境。

E.整首词,词人采用以景托情,正反观照,杂以仙话寄托的手法,由景入情,由实入虚,以虚显情,由虚而实,层次井然,收到良好的艺术效果。

2词系苏轼被贬黄州两年之时寄蹭友人所作,请结合全词分析词人情感。

【题目】Just 25 years ago, the top three career hopes for young people in Britain were teacher, banker and doctor. Now, they want to be sports stars, pop stars and actors, according to a survey by the Guardian newspaper.

Rachel, a character in the popular TV show Glee, may be said to speak for British teenagers. “Nowadays being nobody is worse than being poor.” He said.

Emma Brockes, a reporter with the Guardian, believes it is the bad influence of celebrity(名人) culture that is to blame.When children wanted to be doctor, it wasnt because they were really more interested in the functions of human organs than they are now; you go where the respect is.”She wrote.

It could explain why there has been such an increase in levels of anxiety and depression. Dr Carlo Stranger, of Tel Aviv University, studied the sense of self for his new book The Fear of Insignificance: Searching for Meaning in the 21st Century. He told the Daily Mail that young people now are affected by the close connection to the global entertainment network, which has turned ranking and rating people according to wealth and celebrity into an obsession(痴迷).

As humans, we naturally measure ourselves to those around us, but now we live in a global village. We are comparing ourselves with the most ‘important’ people in the world and finding ourselves wanting…” he said. Today, even high achievers constantly fear that they are insignificant when they compare themselves to success stories in the media.

The way out? Simply stop measuring your achievement through a fantasy of wealth and celebrity. Dr Strenger said that it is a process called “active self-acceptance through a constant search for self-knowledge through life.”

The fear of insignificance can only be overcome through strong individual and cultural identity over and above measurable achievement,” he said.

【1】Nowadays, young people in Britain want to _______.

A.choose jobs based on interests

B.become famous

C.be teacher, banker and doctor

D.earn more money

【2】According to Emma Brockes, what causes the increasing level of anxiety?

A.Choices of future careers.

B.Access to the global network.

C.Bad influences of celebrities.

D.Endless comparison with others.

【3】Which of the following is true of Dr Carlo Strenger?

A.He is a newspaper reporter.

B.He is the spokesman of teenagers.

C.He tells success stories on TV.

D.He is against ranking people with wealth.

【4】Dr Carlo Strenger suggests that young people should _______.

A.seek active self-acceptance

B.stick to their own dreams

C.make great achievements

D.search for the secret of wealth

【5】 The text is mainly written to _______.

A.talk about job choices

B.analyse a social phenomenon

C.encourage celebrity culture

D.introduce three famous people

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