题目内容

【题目】古代中国和古代罗马相距遥远,然而两者的历史发展可做一些比较。阅读材料,回答问题。

历史时期

古代中国

古代罗马

公元前5世纪~前4世纪

秦国商鞅变法(前356年)

罗马制定《十二铜表法》

(前451年)

公元前3世纪

秦始皇统一中国(前221年)

罗马统一意大利

(前270年左右)

公元前2世纪~公元2世纪

西汉、东汉王朝强盛时期

(前202年~公元184年)

罗马强盛时期

(前201年~公元192年)

公元3世纪

汉末混乱,三国鼎立(184~280年)

西晋统一王朝(280~316年)

罗马“三世纪危机”(192~284年)罗马帝国中兴(284~336年)

公元4世纪

北方少数民族南下中原

东晋南迁(317~420年)

北方十六国时期(308~439年)

罗马帝国首都东迁(330年)

日耳曼人入侵(375年起)

罗马帝国东西分裂(395年)

公元5~6世纪

南北朝对峙(420~589年)

隋朝再次统一中国(589年)

西罗马帝国灭亡(476年)

欧洲日耳曼人小国林立

——吴于廑、齐世荣主编《世界史》,白寿彝主编《中国通史》

1)依据材料,概括各个时期古代中国和古代罗马的历史特征。

(2)比较时期两国历史发展的特征,你发现了什么现象?再比较其历史轨迹及变化节奏,你又有哪些发现?在此基础上,你有何进一步的理论认识?

(3)第时期中国和欧洲的历史走向有何不同?试从制度层面分析中国出现这一走向的主要原因。

【答案】(1)两者都制定了法律。两者都实现了国家统一。 两者都进入强盛时期。两者都出现混乱、分裂或危机,但都走向了统一或中兴。两者都有其他民族大规模迁入,走向分裂。

(2)两者虽相距遥远,但各个时期历史特征非常相似。两者历史都呈现了政治统一和分散交替而行的轨迹,变化节奏也非常相近。人类历史发展是有共同性的。

(3)中国从分裂走向统一;西罗马灭亡,欧洲走向分散。中央集权制度的建立,促进了中国统一多民族国家的形成与发展。

【解析】(1)通过仔细阅读材料并结合所学知识不难发现材料涉及到法律、统一、强盛、分裂等方面的信息,所以古代中国和古代罗马的历史特征从上述几个方面分别概述即可。(2)结合第一问的“历史特征”可知发现的现象是二者的“历史特征”是相似的。历史轨迹及变化节奏又可以发现又是非常相似的,即何时变化、朝哪变化又均是一样的,理论认识方面主要回答出历史发展是有共同性的、历史的发展是同步的之类的答案均可。(3)第时期中国和欧洲的历史走向的不同主要突出中国由分裂走向统一而欧洲却是由统一走向分裂之类的答案均可,题目已经明确提出主要原因要从制度的层面进行分析,即中国是专制主义中央集权制而欧洲没有建立中央集权制的角度进行解释。

练习册系列答案
相关题目

【题目】根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。其中有两项为多余选项。

In many parts of the world, cars play an important role in daily life and many societies would not exist without them. 【1】 But this is the prediction made by a team of transport researchers who are taken seriously, not only by government but also by car manufacturers(制造商).

The Human Science and Advanced Technology Institute at Loughborough in the UK is part of an international research program. 2 That will mean much saving, no accidents and better use of roads.The super-intelligent car of the 21st century will drive itself, 3.Instead, we will have a choice of cars and change them as frequently as we change our clothing.

According to Dr.David Davis, who leads the research team, these predictions are based on the rising cost of the car culture, which had blocked up our cities, polluted our air, and caused more deaths than both world wars put together.

Davis says, cars will be fitted with some intelligent devices(装置) to regulate(调节) the distance between one car and another. 4 Computers are much safer drivers than people, so cars in a road train will be able to drive much closer together than cars driven by people.

By 2010, Dr.David Davis believes, car technology will give motorists a clear view of the road, whatever the weather conditions, by projecting an image(影像)of the road ahead on to the cars windscreen. 5 Cars will be connected by an electronic bar to the car in front to form road-trains. front vehicle in such a train burns the normal amount of fuel. says Davis. But all the others in the train would burn about ten percent of the normal amount, and so produce about ten percent of the pollution.

A.The team there believes that by 2030 all cars will be computerized.

B.They believe that cars will become more important in 20 years.

C.And it will not be owned by one individual.

D.And by 2030, cars will travel in line, linked to each other electronically.

E.So the idea that in 20 years time, no one will own cars may be hard to believe.

F.Every driver will use less fuel in the car he owns.

G.The car will automatically speed up, or slow down, to match the speed of the car in front.

【题目】下面文章中有5个段落需要添加首句(第1—5题)。请从以下选项(A、B、C、D、E和F)中选出适合各段落的首句,并在答题纸上将相应选项的标号涂黑。选项中有一项是多余选项。

How to pick a great book to read

The world is full of great books, just waiting to be read. How can you pick one you'll really like? Here are some tips:

【1】 If you have a favorite hobby or pastime, look for books about that activity. Are you really into dinosaurs or dogs or a specific celebrity? Are there a few careers you're interested in? You can find books about almost anything you like, and you're more likely to enjoy reading a book if you're already interested in its subject.

【2】 Some books are entirely made up and imagined. Those are called fiction books. Novels, short stories, and fables are all examples of fiction. These books can transport you to another world or help you imagine something beyond your own experience. Nonfiction books give you the who, what, when, and why. They tell stories using facts but that doesn't mean they're boring. Nonfiction books can bring to life everything from the first trip to the moon to what it's like to explore the deepest oceans. Many of them read like novels from start to finish. Try both fiction and nonfiction books to see which you like better.

【3】 What was your mother's favorite book when she was your age? Or your dad's? What about a sibling's? Ask them and give it a read. Then you can talk about what they liked about it and share your thoughts. It's a fun way to get to know your family a little better, and to finda book you'll enjoy!

【4】 Your local library is a great place to find books that you'll love, and you don't have to search all by yourself. Tell a librarian about your interests rock stars, sports teams, historical events, whatever you're into and the names of some books you already like. Your librarian can help you find other books that you're sure to love. Your teacher is another good person to ask.

【5】 Why not get some friends together and trade favorite books? It's always fun to see what your friends are reading. Even if they're not exactly bookworms, you can all encourage each other to read and share books and authors you like. You also can look for book swaps in your area. It's a great way to build your personal library for free!

A. Find a family favorite.

B. Read as many books as possible.

C. Launch a book swap.

D. Ask an expert.

E. Fact or fiction?

F. What makes you happy?

违法和不良信息举报电话:027-86699610 举报邮箱:58377363@163.com

精英家教网