题目内容

【题目】1920年到1929年,美国工业生产增长了55%,而工人的工资仅增长2%。农业工人的工资还不到非农业工人工资的40%。到1929年,国家财富的3/5由只占人口总数2%的人拥有。这说明1929年经济危机爆发的一个原因是

A.供给与需求的矛盾 B.政府自由放任政策

C.股票投机的过度 D.生产能力的迅猛发展

【答案】A

【解析】根据题干信息美国工业生产增长了55%,而工人的工资仅增长2%。农业工人的工资还不到非农业工人工资的40%”“国家财富的3/5由只占人口总数2%的人拥有,说明当时美国经济虽然繁荣,但广大劳动人民生活却相对贫困,国民贫富差距扩大,广大劳动人民的购买能力有限,所以市场相对狭小,造成供给与需求的矛盾,故选A项。BCD三项在题干中无从体现。

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相关题目

【题目】根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。其中有两项为多余选项。

In many parts of the world, cars play an important role in daily life and many societies would not exist without them. 【1】 But this is the prediction made by a team of transport researchers who are taken seriously, not only by government but also by car manufacturers(制造商).

The Human Science and Advanced Technology Institute at Loughborough in the UK is part of an international research program. 2 That will mean much saving, no accidents and better use of roads.The super-intelligent car of the 21st century will drive itself, 3.Instead, we will have a choice of cars and change them as frequently as we change our clothing.

According to Dr.David Davis, who leads the research team, these predictions are based on the rising cost of the car culture, which had blocked up our cities, polluted our air, and caused more deaths than both world wars put together.

Davis says, cars will be fitted with some intelligent devices(装置) to regulate(调节) the distance between one car and another. 4 Computers are much safer drivers than people, so cars in a road train will be able to drive much closer together than cars driven by people.

By 2010, Dr.David Davis believes, car technology will give motorists a clear view of the road, whatever the weather conditions, by projecting an image(影像)of the road ahead on to the cars windscreen. 5 Cars will be connected by an electronic bar to the car in front to form road-trains. front vehicle in such a train burns the normal amount of fuel. says Davis. But all the others in the train would burn about ten percent of the normal amount, and so produce about ten percent of the pollution.

A.The team there believes that by 2030 all cars will be computerized.

B.They believe that cars will become more important in 20 years.

C.And it will not be owned by one individual.

D.And by 2030, cars will travel in line, linked to each other electronically.

E.So the idea that in 20 years time, no one will own cars may be hard to believe.

F.Every driver will use less fuel in the car he owns.

G.The car will automatically speed up, or slow down, to match the speed of the car in front.

【题目】阅读下列材料,回答问题。

材料一

顾炎武的《郡县论》认为郡县制是政治最大的弊端,此民生之所以日贫,中国之所以日弱而益趋于乱也。郡县制是皇帝最大化自己权力和利益的手段,所谓今之君人者,尽四海之内为我郡县犹不足也,人人而疑之,事事而制之。中央专权钳制之下,地方社团和地方官毫无积极性可言,致使民穷国弱,而振兴国家的办法就是分权给地方,让地方社团强盛,授地方官以实权,寓封建之意于郡县之中,以厚民生和强国势。

——摘编自彭小瑜《以政治人类学质疑专制主义中央集权

材料二

黄宗羲在《明夷待访录》中提出荼毒天下之肝脑,离散天下之子女”“敲剥天下之骨髓的君主是人民的寇仇,是独夫,黄宗羲认为为天下之大害者,君而已矣。他主张通过学校和实行法治来监督君权。这种学校具有对天子直言政有缺失,公其非是的职能,类似于近代的代议机构。他提出以天下之法取代君主的一家之法,从而实现有治法而后有治人的理想。

(1)根据材料一并结合所学知识,指出顾炎武揭露中国古代政治制度弊端的出发点及其所倡导的振兴国家的途径。

(2)根据材料一、二,指出顾炎武和黄宗羲论述问题的角度的异同点。

(3)根据以上材料并结合所学知识,概括顾炎武、黄宗羲思想的进步作用。

【题目】阅读下列材料,回答问题。

材料一 黄宗羲认为古代君主不以一己之利为利,而使天下受其利,不以一己之害为害,而使天下释其害。但自秦以后,君反客为主,视天下人民为人君囊中之私物。”“以我之大私为天下之大公视天下为莫大之产业,传之子孙,受享无穷然则为天下之大害者,君而已矣。君臣关系应该以天下万民为事故我之出而仕也,为天下,非为君也。为万民,非为一姓也。封建法制是一家之法而非天下之法也,都出于君主一人一姓的利欲之私何曾有一毫为天下之心哉

——《明夷待访录》

材料二 在卢梭看来,社会秩序乃是为其他一切权利提供了基础的一项神圣的权利,然而这项权利决不是出于自然,而是建立在约定之上的纵然个别意志与公意在某些点上互相一致并不是不可能的,然而至少这种一致若要经常而持久却是不可能的;因为个别意志由于它的本性就总是倾向于偏私,而公意则总是倾向于平等如果人民单纯是唯唯诺诺地服从,那么,人民本身就会由于这一行为而解体,就会丧失其人民的品质;只要一旦出现一个主人,就立刻不再有主权者了,并且政治体也从此就告毁灭。

——《卢梭政治思想述评》

(1)据材料一,概括黄宗羲的主张,并结合所学知识,分析其产生的原因。

(2)据材料二,概括卢梭的观点,并分析卢梭与黄宗羲主张的根本不同。

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