题目内容

【题目】阅读下面材料,回答问题。

上海目前每年消耗煤炭4200多万吨,占全市能源总量的70%左右,其煤炭消耗量和消耗密度居全国大城市之首。超大量用煤不仅影响上海国际化大都市的形象,也给上海及周边地区带来了严重的环境问题。据有关部门测算,上海每年酸雨发生率为11%,江苏省为21%,杭州等浙江省主要城市高达50%。假如这些地区用天然气代替煤炭,可减少90%以上的氮、硫氧化合物和98%以上的二氧化碳排放量。

(1)以煤炭为主的能源消费结构,产生的环境问题有哪些?

(2)上海煤炭的主要来源地是安徽淮南、淮北、江苏徐州、山西等地,其中山西大同的煤炭运往上海,经济合理的运输线路如何?

(3)分析一下淮南“变输煤为输电”给淮南带来的影响。

【答案】(1)排出等有害气体,形成酸雨、酸雾;排放大量气体,使温室效应增强,全球变暖;产生废渣、粉尘,污染环境;废弃物污染水源。

(2)大同--(大秦铁路运输)——秦皇岛——(海运水路运输)——上海

(3)利:提高经济效益;减轻交通运输压力;不利:在当地发电会造成当地的环境污染; 发电过程中消耗大量的水资源,加剧当地水资源短缺。

【解析】试题分析:

1】以煤炭为主的能源消费结构,产生的环境问题主要有因排出SO2等有害气体,形成酸雨、酸雾。排放大量CO2气体,使温室效应加强,导致全球变暖。还能产生废渣、粉尘,污染环境。废弃物污染水源。

2】结合我国交通线分布,及减轻铁路运输压力的原则,山西大同的煤炭运往上海,经济合理的运输线路是大同--(大秦线铁路运输)--- 秦皇岛---(海运水路运输)---上海。

3变输煤为输电,延长了产业链,有利于淮南提高经济效益,减轻运输压力。不利影响是在本地发电会造成当地的环境污染。发电过程消耗大量的水资源,加剧当地水资源的短缺。

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【题目】阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

In a small village, the parents of a little boy were very depressed due to his bad temper(脾气). The boy used to get angry very easily and hurt others with his words. While he forgot what he spoke in anger, his friends and neighbors avoided him.

His mother and father tried many ways to make him give up his anger and develop kindness. Unfortunately, all their attempts failed. Finally, the boy’s father came up with an idea.

One day, his father gave him a huge bag of nails, asking him to hammer one nail to the fence every time he lost his temper. The little boy found it funny and accepted what his father had said.

His anger drove him to hammer 30 nails into the fence on the first day! Over the next few days, the little boy found it very difficult to hammer the nails into the fence and decided to control his temper.

Gradually, the number of nails hammered into the fence was reduced and the day arrived when he hammered none!

Now, his father told him to remove the nails every day as he had controlled his anger. Several days passed and the boy was able to pull out most of the nails from the fence.

The father appreciated him and asked him, pointing to one of the holes, “What do you see there?”

The boy replied, “A hole in the fence?”

He told the boy, “The nails were your bad temper and they were hammered into people. You can remove the nails but still see the holes in the fence. The fence never looks the same! It has scars all over! Your bad temper and anger were like that! Use words for good. Use them to show your heart!”

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