题目内容

【题目】阅读下面这首诗歌,完成小题。

水调歌头赋三门津

【金】元好问

黄河九天上,人鬼瞰重关。长风怒卷高浪,飞洒日光寒。峻似吕梁干仞,壮似钱塘八月,直下洗尘寰。万象入横溃,依旧一峰闲。

仰危巢,双鹄过,杳难攀。人间此险何用,万古秘神奸。不用燃犀下照,未必饮飞强射,有力障狂澜。唤取骑鲸客,挝鼓过银山。

【注】人鬼:指三峡中的南鬼门和北入门。一峰:指黄河中的砥柱山。骑鲸客:指李白。陆游《长歌行》:“人生不作安期生,醉入东海骑长鲸。”李东阳《李太白》:“人间未有飞腾地,老去骑鲸却上天。”

【1】下列对本词的理解,不正确的两项是(

A.本词起首句“黄河九天上”与李白诗“黄河之水天上来”所造之境极为相似。其后三句,写黄河之长、黄河之险。

B.“峻似吕梁千仞,壮似钱塘八月”连用两个比喻,形象具体地描绘出黄河水浪之高,高过千仞;水浪之急,可比钱塘怒潮。高险,壮观,形神兼备。

C.“仰危巢,双鹄过,杏难攀”三句,反用苏轼《后赤壁赋》“攀栖鹘之危巢”句意,其中“危”即“危险”之意,可谓一字传神,突出了砥柱山之高峻艰险。

D.上阕写景按空间方位顺序:由近及远,从低到高,富有层次。描写方法:虚实结合,动静掩衬,相映成趣。

E.就全词而言,写景、抒情、议论融为一体。诗人既写出了三门津雄险的气势,又融进了自己的人生体验;景物雄伟壮阔,感慨亦激愤难平。

2词的下阕最后两句表达了词人怎样的情感?是怎样表达的?请简要分析。

【答案】

【1】CD

2词人借用典故,表达那不可抑制的昂扬向上、积极进取的壮志豪情。三门津奇伟峻壮,险恶无比,作者借“骑鲸客”的典故表达只有唤取像李白那样漫游江海的骑鲸豪客,才能击着鼓,稳渡波涛如银山般叠起的三门津水。笔酣墨饱,纵抒豪情。

【解析】

【1】试题分析:C“反用”错误,D应是“由远及近“。

2试题分析:注意结合词中“有力障狂澜”“挝鼓过银山”等句子分析情感,抒情方式是“用典”。

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相关题目

【题目】 Harvard researchers have created a tough, low-cost, biodegradable(可生物降解的)material inspired by insects hard outer shells. The materials inventors say it has a number of possible uses and someday could provide a more environmentally friendly alternative to plastic. The material, made from shrimp(虾)shells and proteins produced from silk, is called shrilk. It is thin, clean, flexible and strong.

A major benefit of the material is its biodegradability. Plastics toughness and flexibility represented a revolution in materials science during the 1950s and 1960s. Decades later, however, plastics very durability(耐用性) is raising questions about how appropriate it is for one-time products such as plastic bags, or short-lived consumer goods, used in the home for a few years and then cast into a landfill where they will degrade for centuries. What is the point of making something that lasts 1,000 years?

Shrilk not only will degrade in a landfill, but its basic components are used as fertilizer(肥料), and so will enrich the soil.

Shrilk has great potential, the inventors said. Materials from which it is made are plentiful in nature, found in everything ranging from shrimp shells, insect bodies to living plants. That makes shrilk low-cost, and its mass production possible should it be used for products demanding a lot of material.

Work on shrilk is continuing in the lab. The invertors said the material becomes flexible when wet, so theyre also developing simpler production processes, which could be used for non-medical products, like for computer cases and other products inside the home. Theyre even exploring combining it with other materials, like carbon fibers, to give it new properties.

【1】Paragraph 1 of the passage is mainly about shrilks _____.

remarkable design

interesting name

major features

basic elements

【2】What has become a concern about plastic?

Using it properly.

Producing it cheaply.

Developing its properties quickly.

Evaluating its contributions fairly.

【3】According to the inventors, shrilk has great potential partly because _____.

it can help plastic degrade

it can be found in living things

its mass production has been realized

its raw materials are abundant in nature

【4】What are the inventors doing in the lab?

Replacing carbon fibers with shrilk.

Testing shrilks use in wet conditions.

Making shrilk out of used household goods.

Improving shrilks flexibility for medical purposes.

【5】Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?

Recent Progress in Environmental Protection

Benefits of Insects in Scientific Research

The Harm of One-time Products

A Possible Alternative to Plastic

【题目】阅读下面这首宋诗,完成下面小题。

江梅引

姜夔①

人间离别易多时。见梅枝,忽相思。几度小窗幽梦手同携。今夜梦中无觅处,漫徘徊,寒侵被,尚未知。

湿红恨墨浅封题。宝筝空,无雁飞。俊游巷陌,算空有、古木斜晖。旧约扁舟,心事已成非。歌罢淮南春草赋,又萋萋②。漂零客,泪满衣。

【注释】①庆元二年丙辰之冬,正值园中腊梅绽放,词人见梅怀念远方的恋人,因作此词。②淮南小山(一说刘安)著辞赋《招隐士》里有“王孙游兮不归,春草生兮萋萋”的句子。

【1】下列对本诗的赏析,不正确的两项是

A.“江梅引”,词牌名。“引”表示词的音律特点,意义、用法同《李凭箜篌引》和《滕王阁序》“敢竭鄙怀,恭疏短引”中的“引”。

B.“人间离别易多时。见梅枝,忽相思”三句,开篇点明主旨,词人感慨人间离别,又见江头梅花,引发了他不尽的相思之情,。

C.“湿红恨墨浅封题”,是说心中充满了离恨,相思的泪水打湿了红笺,冲淡了墨迹,默默将信封好,题字签押,情思低徊。

D.“宝筝空,无雁飞”两句,写恋人曾弹奏宝筝,而今却无处可闻;那些和累写成的相思,也因无鸿雁传递而难以排遣。

E.结尾“漂零客,泪满衣”二句,写自己的恋人而今漂流异乡、孤苦无依、泪湿衣襟的情景,表达了词人的惦念之情,意境凄苦。

2本词在抒发感情时主要采用了什么手法,请结合诗句简要分析。

【题目】阅读下面的文言文,完成47题。

沈有容,字士弘,宣城人。幼走马击剑,好兵略。举万历七年武乡试。蓟辽总督梁梦龙见而异之,用为昌平千总。复受知总督张佳胤,调蓟镇东路,辖南兵后营。

十二年秋,朵颜长昂以三千骑犯刘家口。有容夜半率健卒二十九人迎击,身中二矢,斩首六级,寇退乃还,由是知名。十四年从李成梁出塞,抵可可毋林,斩馘多。明年再出,亦有功。成梁攻北关,有容陷阵,马再易再毙,卒拔其城。

从宋应昌援朝鲜,乞归。日本封事坏,福建巡抚金学曾欲用奇捣其穴,起有容守浯屿、铜山。二十九年,掠诸寨,有容击败之。倭据东番。有容守石湖,谋尽歼之,以二十一舟出海,遇风,存十四舟。过彭湖,与倭遇,格杀数人,纵火沈其六舟,斩首十五级,夺还男妇三百七十余人。倭遂去东番,海上息肩者十年。捷闻,文武将吏悉叙功,有容赉白金而已。

三十二年七月,西洋红毛番长韦麻郎驾三大艘至彭湖,求互市,税使高寀召之也。有容白当事自请往谕见麻郎指陈利害麻郎悟呼寀使者索还所赂寀金扬帆去。由浙江游击调天津,迁温处参将,罢归。四十四年,倭犯福建。巡抚黄承元请特设水师,起有容统之,擒倭东沙。

泰昌元年,辽事棘,始设山东副总兵,驻登州,以命有容。八月,毛文龙有镇江之捷。诏有容统水师万,偕天津水师直抵镇江策应。有容叹曰率一旅之师,当方张之敌,吾知其不克济也无何,镇江果失,水师遂不进。明年,广宁覆,辽民走避诸岛,日望登师救援。朗先下令,敢渡一人者斩。有容争之,立命数十艘往,获济者数万人。时金、复、盖三卫俱空无人,有欲据守金州者。有容言金州孤悬海外,登州、皮岛俱远隔大洋,声援不及,不可守。迨文龙取金州,未几复失。四年,有容以年老乞骸骨,归,卒。

(选自《明史·沈有容传》,有删改)

【1】对文中画波浪线部分的断句,正确的一项是

A.有容白当事/自请往谕/见麻郎/指陈利害/麻郎悟/呼寀使者/索还所赂寀金/扬帆去

B.有容白/当事自请往谕见麻郎/指陈利害/麻郎悟/呼寀使者索/还所赂寀金/扬帆去

C.有容白当事/自请往谕/见麻郎/指陈利害/麻郎悟呼/寀使者索还所赂寀金/扬帆去

D.有容白当事/自请往谕见麻郎/指陈利害/麻郎悟/呼寀使者索还所赂/寀金扬帆去

【2】下列对文中加点词语的相关内容的解说,不正确的一项是

A.乡试是古代科举的地方考试,又称大比。一般在八月举行,故又称秋闱

B.指倭寇。是指元末到明中叶在朝鲜和我国沿海抢劫骚扰的日本海盗。

C.海外与古代的海内相对,海内指国内,海外则古今同义,指国外。

D.乞骸骨意思为请求使骸骨归葬故乡,指古代官吏因年老请求退职回家。

【3】下列对原文有关内容的概括和分析,不正确的一项是

A.沈有容热爱军事。他从小就会骑马击剑,后考中武生乡试,梁梦龙、张佳胤都赏识器重他,让他担任要职。

B.沈有容作战勇猛。指挥夺取刘家口的战斗中,他身先士卒,虽身中两箭,但仍斩首六级,等敌人退走了才回来。

C.沈有容有计谋。他曾想用奇兵攻打倭寇的巢穴,可惜福建巡抚金学曾不按他的计划行事,导致部队攻打失败。

D.沈有容爱护百姓。郎先发布禁令不让人去救百姓时,他表示反对并下令让几十艘船开往各岛,从而使数万人获救。

【4】把文中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。

(1)倭遂去东番,海上息肩者十年。捷闻,文武将吏悉叙功,有容赉白金而已。

(2无何,镇江果失,水师遂不进。明年,广宁覆,辽民走避诸岛,日望登师救援。

【题目】

The research carried out by the University of Bari in Italy could help prove hospitals who are accused of wasting money on art and decoration as it suggests a pleasant environment helps patients ease discomfort and pain.

A team headed by Professor Marina de Tommaso at the Neurophysiopathology Pain Unit asked a group of men and women to pick the 20 paintings they considered most ugly and most beautiful from a selection of 300works by artists such as Leonardo da Vinci and Sandro Botticelli. They were then asked to look at either the beautiful paintings, or the ugly paintings, or a blank panel while the team zapped(照射) a short laser pulse at their hand, creating a sensation as if they had been stuck by a pin. He subjects rated the pain as being a third less intense while they were viewing the beautiful paintings, compared with when looking at the ugly paintings or the blank panel. Electrodes measuring the brain's electrical activity also confirmed a reduced response to the pain when the subject looked at beautiful paintings.

While distractions, such as music, are known to reduce pain in hospital patients, Professor Marina de Tommaso says this is the first result to show that beauty plays a part.

The findings, reported in New Scientist, also go a long way to show that beautiful surroundings could aid the healing process.

Hospitals have been designed to be functional, but we think that their artistic aspects should be taken into account too, said the neurologist. Beauty obviously offers a distraction that ugly paintings do not. But at least there is no suggestion that ugly surroundings make the pain worse. I think these results show that more research is needed into the field how a beautiful environment can alleviate suffering.

Pictures they liked included Starry Night by Vincent Van Gogh and Botticelli's Birth of Venus. Pictures they found ugly included works by Pablo Picasso, the Italian20thcentury artist Antonio Buenoand Columbian Fernando Botero. These people were not art experts so some of the pictures they found ugly would be considered masterpieces by the art world, said Professor Marina de Tommaso.

【1】The underlined word alleviate in Paragraph 5 probably means _____.

A. cure B. ease

C. improve D. kill

【2】 How many artists have been mentioned in the passage?

A. 4. B. 5.

C. 6. D. 7.

【3】Which of the following is TRUE about the view of Professor Marina de Tommasos?

A. Beautiful surroundings could help to heal sufferings completely.

B. Hospitals must take their artistic aspects into consideration first.

C. Ugly surroundings will surely make the pain worse.

D. Both music and beauty can reduce pain in hospital patients.

【4】 From the last paragraph, we know that _____.

A. some artists’ paintings were beautiful, so they were masterpieces

B. only art experts could judge whether they were masterpieces or not, though ugly

C. the artists mentioned above were not really art masters

D. some of them were art masters, while others were not

【5】 Which of the /span>following is the most suitable title for the passage?

A. Beautiful surroundings can ease pain.

B. Ugly paintings could be masterpieces.

C. More paintings should be done in the field.

D. Latest environmental research

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