题目内容

【题目】【自然灾害与防治】读材料,回答问题。

材料 刚刚过去的8月8日和9日,在四川的九寨沟和新疆博尔塔拉州精河县,连续发生两次地震,震级分别为7.0级和6.6级。而在更早的时候,国内还发生过2008年汶川8.0级地震、2010年玉树7.1级地震、2013年芦山7.0级地震等等。

请分析材料中列举的地震发生的共同点并简述如何才能减轻地震带来的危害。

【答案】它们都发生在青藏高原周围,都对经济和人民生活产生不利影响。加强监测预报,提升救援能力,加强建筑物抗灾能力,学习地震方面的有关知识,进行模拟地震演练等等。

【解析】该组试题以区域自然灾害为背景,考查我国自然灾害的分布以及自然灾害的应对措施。试题难度较小,熟练掌握教材相关知识即可做出回答。

材料中所示的地震均发生在我国青藏高原的周围,且破坏性较强,对人民生活和经济发展均产生不利影响。应对措施可从加强监测、加强建筑物抗灾能力、个人掌握防震逃生知识、进行模拟地震演练等方面回答。

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【题目】根据短文内容的理解,选择正确答案。 Sometimes called Amazonia, the rainforest of the Amazon River basin is the largest in the world. It stretches (延伸) across more than half of Brazil and parts of seven other South American countries (and French Guiana). With a land area of 2.7 million square miles, the Amazon rainforest is almost two thirds the size of the US.
Rainforests are important to the health of the entire planet. Often called "the lungs of the planet", the Amazon rainforest, with its rich plant life, stores carbon dioxide while giving out the oxygen we need to survive.
At one time, rainforests covered 14 percent of Earth's surface. Deforestation has reduced that figure to 6 percent today. Much of the loss has been in the Amazon.
Fortunately, over the years, Brazil has also become a world leader in rainforest preservation. A law called the Forest Code, originally passed in 1965, requires the Amazon's farmers to protect 80 percent of their land from farming. And democratic governments beginning in the early 1990s began to enforce it seriously.
Efforts to save the Amazon increased under President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva (2002—2011). Brazil set aside about 150 million acres of the rainforest, an area about the size of France, for protection. Deforestation fell by 74 percent between 2004 and 2009.
Other countries of the Amazon have also done their parts. This year, Peru created a forest reserve about the size of California's Yosemite National Park.
(1)What is the size of the Amazon rainforest?
A.About the size of France.
B.Nearly half the size of Brazil.
C.Over half the size of the US.
D.About the size of seven South American countries.
(2)How much of the rainforest has been lost due to deforestation according to Paragraph 3?
A.6%.
B.Approximately 8%.
C.14%.
D.More than 50%.
(3)Which country contributes most to the preservation of the Amazon rainforest?
A.Peru.
B.Brazil.
C.The US.
D.French Guiana.
(4)What does the author feel about the situation of the Amazon?
A.Optimistic.
B.Moved.
C.Worried.
D.Uncertain.

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