题目内容

【题目】Poor parenting is to blame for a major deterioration(变坏) in the behavior of primary school pupils over the past five years,a study suggests.

Classroom disorder is a big problem for teachers, according to researchers ar Cambridge University.In interview with teachers, Professors Maurice Galton and John Macbeath found that many blamed their pupils bad behavior on the inability of parents to control children at home.

Many pupils lacked the social skills required to get on in class, said the researchers. The teachers describe highly permissive parents who admitted to indulging(纵容) their children,often for the sake of peace, the author added.

Examples included a mother who,after great effort,succeeded in getting her five-year-old son to bed at 1 am instead of 3 am,and a boy of seven who broke his Sony PlayStation in a tantrum(发脾气),and then would not behave for a week until his mother bought him a new one.

Professors Galton and Macbeath were also told of parents who would do anything to shut their children upjust to get some peace.

The researchers,who visited schools they studied five years ago,added,There appeared to have been a bad influence on school life from a rapidly changing social scene

Motivating certain children, it was claimed, had become more difficult because by the time they came to school many of these children had become expert in dealing with adults.

According to Galton and Macbeath, the top five difficulties to teaching are poor pupil behavior, lack of time for reflection, large class sizes, too many initatives and an overloaded curriculum. Children arrive at school knowing too much and not enough.They said.

【1】 According to many teachers, some students behave badly at school because___.

A.teachers didnt give them an interesting lesson

B.they lack parental control at home

C.their parents have a poor education themselves

D.they cant receive enough attention from teachers.

【2】Why are some parents highly permissive according to the passage?

A.To show their strong love to their children.

B.To encourage their children to do what they like

C.To give their children freedom to choose what they are interested in

D.To avoid being disturbed by children.

【3】 Which of the following is the most suitable title for the passage?

A.Teachers have the duty to control their students

B.Parents get the blame for bad behavior of children

C.Teachers are responsible for what their students do

D.Parents are the models for their children

【答案】【1】 B

【2】 D

【3】 B

【解析】【1】细节理解题。从第二段中的many blamed their pupils bad behavior on the inability of parents to control children at home可知这些孩子之所以表现不好是因为他们的父母无法控制他们,即他们在家里没有养成听从他人的习惯。

【2】细节理解题。从第三段中的often for the sake of peace以及第五段可知父母为了安静而放纵孩子。

【3】主旨大意题。本文主要描述了因父母在家里对孩子管教不力,过分纵容而导致孩子在学校里表现不好。所以B项符合主题。

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【题目】【真题展示】

2017年高考天津卷阅读下面的文章,完成下列各小题。

挺拔之姿

朱以撒

晋人普遍有好竹之癖,打开魏晋艺术史册,一群生机勃勃我行我素的人就涌了出来,在山阴道上的竹林深处,放浪形骸,快然自足,得大自在。

这当然是我三十几岁以后才意识到的。我和魏晋间人相近之处,就是有过比较长的山野生活,与竹相近。常常会站在山顶,看山峦连绵起伏,竹海无际。那时我想着自己的出路,如果能像一竿竹子这般凌空而起那就好了。竹海里纤尘不染,枝叶让天水洗净,摇曳中偶尔闪过阳光的亮泽,它们的顶端是最先接触到每一天太阳的光芒的,不禁使我艳羡。山野稼穑,先是基于温饱的认识——每一竿竹都可以构成生存的支架,把一个个家庭托住,不至于坠入饥寒之中。而每一枚笋,春日之笋也罢,冬日之笋也罢,对于一位腹内空洞的人而言,简单地烹调之后,无异于美味了。那些没有成为餐桌美味者,不舍昼夜继续伸长,令人仰望。那些被山农认为是成熟了的竹子,在叮叮咚咚的刀斧声中倒下,削去枝叶,顺着规划好的坡道滑下,被长长的平板车载着,进入再加工的程序。和竹子一样,人也是善于生存的植物,贫瘠清苦中也会挣扎着生长。我注意到一些竹子的确没有长好,是吃力地拱出石块的,此后也就一直不能顺畅,总是被压制着扭曲着,不禁让人生出怜悯。只是我一直认为它会更具备倔强的美感,它的根后来制成了一个老者形象的工艺品,比其他的更有铁枝虬干的峥嵘了。

待到我在鹤峰原度假,已经到了闲适的年龄了。风随夕阳西下而愈加强劲,一些植物已在形态上仓皇失措,叶片翻飞如鸟兽惊散。竹林在随风俯仰中显示了一种从容,在徐徐的摇曳里,山野之风的张狂之力往往被斯文地化解开来。在魏晋的文字中有不少徐徐的记录,徐徐看起来只是肢体上的动作,实则是内心的从容优雅。内心慢了,整个人的举止也就慢了,斯文了,有风度了。竹被称为四君子之一,它在四君子中是最为清俊的,风来了,风过了,余韵袅袅。

竹子从笋尖出土就开始了笔直向上的里程,追慕光明,从而略去了许多天下扰攘。竹子作为人格气节的象征是有道理的。屈原的《离骚》充满了香草的芳香,可惜,他写的都是湘沅泽畔之物他一定离竹林很远吧要不他一定会以孤竹自况向楚怀王表示自己砥节立行的井渫之洁和安穷乐志卓然自异于俗常的格调——以竹子作为喻体,会胜过那些优柔的香草,也会使屈原风骨遒劲,不至于最终绝望而自沉汨罗。当然,竹子在我眼中也有一些孤高兀傲的意象。争相轩邈,思逐风云,都像梁山好汉单干时那般独标奇崛。相比于王维在夜间的竹林里又是弹琴又是长啸,弄得一片喧哗,我则以为竹下独坐静听风来会更与竹默契。李白就是这般静静地坐在敬亭山上的。竹是清肃之物,郑板桥曾在《兰竹石图》上题写了“各适其天,各全其性”,认为它是循自然之道的。如果它是一个人,一定是心怀素淡,性喜萧散,有一些不可犯之色。每一个人的内心都会有一个位置来安放一竿竹子,或者一片竹林。所谓风骨,就是内在的支撑。

一个人爱竹,在他笔下会有哪一些流露呢,真要用两个字说道,那就是“清”和“简”了。庾子山《小园赋》中有不少数字不过最让人欣赏的是“一寸二寸之鱼,三竿两竿之竹”,读到此处,清出来了,简也出来了。在魏晋这样一个尚竹时代,竹是环境的背景,也是心境的背景,如果观察他们的雅集轨迹,竹林七贤、金谷宴集、兰亭修禊,都是在茂林修竹间,在这里挥麈清谈、稽古观心,是很有一些清简之趣的,像王羲之的《大道帖》、王献之的《鸭头丸帖》、王珣的《伯远帖》,都那么小,一张便笺般大小,清简出风尘,三笔两笔,精气神都聚于此了。在笔墨清简的背后是唯美的人格——一个人可以奇点、怪点,也可以不循常轨剑走偏锋,却不可落入尘俗的泥淖里。想想当年的阮籍,以青眼、白眼待人,相比于今人内怀奔竞之心,好冠盖征逐之交,那时节的人在处理人的关系上显然清简得多。

我是在农耕兄弟的老房舍里大量的竹器中看到竹子之力的,力透到寻常生活的每一个角落,紧紧地箍住了一家人的生活、一个村子的生活,不使失散。渐渐地,在竹林环绕中的人们也有了坚韧和忍耐。实在的劳作泥泥水水寒暑无间,使人长于自守,默然无语。而另一面又使我察觉到民风的强悍,只是平素在体蓄积着,不使外泄。所不同的是农耕者远没有竹子的挺拔俊秀,少年时过早地负重,后来再也长不高了。尽管我离开那里很久了,我还是固执地认为他们就是一片会行走的竹子。

回到城里看到的更多是与园林建筑相匹配的纤纤细竹,优雅而有骨感。进入古色古香的庭院,玩味钟鼎彝器、瓦甓青花,又翻动图籍残纸。忽然有一缕淡淡的流逝感浮了上来——日子是越发小巧婉约起来了。算算此时,是农历的六月七月之交,时晴时雨,山野在潮湿中,无数的竹鞭在奋力吮吸,竹节争先向上,风雅鼓荡,场面奇崛,整座山岭充盈着大气与生机,让热烈的阳光照彻。

选自《散文选刊》,有删节

【1】下列对文章的理解与分析,不恰当的两项是

A文章第三段运用了比喻、比拟、排比等修辞,文意生动,兼之长句句错杂,富于变化,体现了散文之美。

B文章第四段认为屈原不能“砥节立行”、王维不能领悟竹的节操,而推许李白和郑板桥能循自然之道的风骨。

C“每一个人的内心都会有一个位置来安放一竿竹子,或者一片竹林”这句话是说,每一个懂竹的人都会获得内在支撑,成为有风骨的人。

D随着年龄的增长、境遇的改变,同样的竹子,“我”却“读”出了不同的内涵。

E文章采用倒叙、插叙的手法,综合运用了记叙、说理、抒情等表达方式,谈古论今,托物言志,旨在表达对农耕兄弟的赞美,对乡村文化的眷恋。

【2】题目为挺拔之姿,但画线部分却写扭曲的竹子,是否合乎题旨?为什么?

答:__________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

【3】赏析文章末段的文字。

答:__________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

【4】

1文章写出了竹子的哪些精神气质?

答:__________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

2你最欣赏其中哪种精神气质?结合生活经验谈谈你的体会。80字左右

答:__________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

【题目】七选五阅读理解,根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

__【1】_ Whenastarvingmangetsamealhebeginstothinkaboutanovercoatwhenanexecutivegetsanewsportscarvisionsofcountryclubsandpleasureboatsdanceintoview.

The many wants of mankind might be regarded as making up several levels.__ 【2】_.

The first and most basic level of wants involves food. Once this want is satisfied, a second level of wants appears: clothing and some sort of shelter. By the end of World War II these wants were satisfied for a great majority of Americans.__ 【3】__ It included suchitems as automobiles and new houses.

By 1957 0r 1958 this third level of wants wasfairly well satisfied. Then, in the late 1950s a fourth level of wants appeared, the "life-enriching" level.While the other levels involve physical satisfaction—the feeding,comfort, safety, and transportation of thehuman body this level stresses mental needs forrecognition, achievement happiness. It includes avariety of goods and services, many of which could be called "luxury" items. Among them are vacationtrips. the best medical care, and entertainment.__ 【4】__.

On this level.a greater percentage of consumerspending goes to services. while on the first threelevels more is spent on goods. Will consumers raisetheir sights to a fifth level of wants as their income increases, or will they continue to demand luxuriesand personal services on the fourth level?

A fifth level probably would involve wants that can be achieved best by community action. Consumersmay be spending more on taxes to pay forgovernment action against disease, ignorance,crime and prejudice. __【5】_ In this way. we can enjoy morefully the good things on the first four levels.

A. Then a third level appeared

B. Human wants seem endless.

C. When there is money enough to satisfy one level of wants, another level appears.

D. There are several levels of wants in one's life.

E. At this stage, we now may seek to ensure health, safety, and leisure.

F. Also included here are fancy foods and the latest styles in clothing.

G. Different people have different wants on each level.

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