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The development of the English language took a giant step in 1607. Three small British ships c小题1】 the Atlantic Ocean. They began to call areas of their new land by words borrowed from the native people. For example, many of the great r小题2】 in the United States are taken from American Indian words. The Mississippi, the Tennessee, the Missouri are examples. This borrowing or adding of foreign words to English was a w小题3】of expanding(扩大)the language. The names of three days of the week are good examples of this. The people from Northern Europe honored three gods with a special day each week. The gods were Odin, Thor and Freya. Odin’s-day became Wednesday in English, Thor’s-day became T小题4】 and Freya’s-day became Friday.
Experts cannot explain many English words. For h小题5】 of years, a dog was called a “hound.” The word is still u小题6】 but not as commonly as the word “dog.” English speakers just started using it. Other words whose origins are unknown i小题7】“fun,” “bad,” and “big.”
English speakers also continue to invent n小题8】 words by linking old words together. A good example is the words “motor” and “hotel.” Many years ago
s小题9】 linked them together into the word “motel.” A motel is a small hotel near a road where people travelling in cars can stay for the night.
Other words come from the f小题10】 letters of names of groups or devices. For example, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization is usually called NATO.

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Many animals use some kind of “ language” . They use signals that have meanings .For ex - ample , when a bee has found some food,it goes b_1__ to its home . It is easy for a bee to t__2__ the other bees where the food is by speaking to them , but it can do a little dancing . This tells the bees where the food is and how f__3__it is .

Some animals show how they feel by m__4___  sounds . It is not d__5___  to tell if a dog is angry because it barks(吠). Birds make several different sounds and e_6___  has its own meaning . Sometimes we humans make sounds in the same w __7__. We make sounds like “Oh!” or “Ouch !” to show how we feel about something or when we d__8__ something on our feet.

We humans also have languages. We have words. These words have the m__8___ of things, actions , feelings or ideas . We are able to give each other messages to tell w__10__ we think or how we feel . By writing down words , we can remember what has happened or s__11___ messages to people far away.

Languages can live and die . If a language isn’t u__12__by people , it is called a d__13__ language. This language cannot  live and grow because no one s_14__it. Latin is an example of a dead l__15__.

A living language , of course , is often s_16__ by people today . It grows and c_17__ with time .

New words are created(创造), and some old words have n 18  meanings . Some words , or their meanings, may die and only be found in the old b_19__. English and Chinese are b__20__ examples of a living language.

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