Sometimes vaccines(疫苗) do not provide lifetime immunity(免疫). Some are only effective(有效)for a limited amount of time. In such cases, shots are necessary to maintain continuous vaccine protection. These shots are given at regular time. One vaccine, the flu (流感)vaccine, must be given every year. This is because there are many kinds of the flu.

A vaccine given in one year may provide protection against certain kinds of the flu virus, but when the next year’s flu season starts, vaccination against newer or different kinds may be required. Furthermore, flu vaccines do not provide protection for a lifetime. After as little as one year, protection may be far less than enough.

1.According to the passage, if you have a flu vaccine, you will be protected from flu _____________.

A.for a year B.for every year C.in the whole life D.for two years

2.The reason why one needs to have vaccine for flu every year is that____________.

A.flu cannot be cured B.flu can never die

C.flu would change every year D.flu never change

3.When the flu season starts, new_______ are needed.

A.patients B.viruses C.doctors D.vaccines

4.According to the passage, which of the following sentence is TRUE?

A.One must have flu vaccine. or he will die. B.Flu vaccines cannot protect a person for the whole life.

C.Vaccines never really protect people. D.Children should not be given vaccines.

5.What is the best title of the passage?

A.A Vaccine. Lifetime Immunity. B.Vaccine Can Protect You

C.How to Deal with Flu? D.Vaccine Helps, but Not Lifetime Immunity

Takashi is 99 years old. He lives in Okinawa (冲绳县) in Japan. In Okinawa people tend to live a very long time. They are seldom ill. Many people are over 100 years old—longer than most people in other parts of the country and the world. What is their secret (秘密)?

The Okinawans eat vegetables, fruit, fish and rice. They usually have seven different kinds of fruit and vegetables every day. People don’t usually drink much alcohol (酒) or smoke. They don’t eat much meat or fast food.

Sports are very important for the people of Okinawa. Walking, traditional dancing, and gardening are very popular with people of all ages. More important, the people in Okinawa are seldom worried or angry and they never make themselves too busy. They are relaxed and take their time. Buses often come late, and people often arrive an hour late for meetings. Every evening hundreds of people, young and old, go to the beach to watch the beautiful sunset (日落). They talk, smile or laugh to each other.

Another important thing is that people often work until they are 80, sometimes even until 90! In the Okinawan words there is no word for “out of work”. Old people don’t stay at home— they go out and meet friends.

When journalists ask local people what their secret of long life span is, they always answer, “We are happy, we are always relaxed, and we are never in a hurry.”

1.What can we know from the first paragraph?

A.Takashi came to Okinawa from Tokyo many years ago.

B.More people of over 100 years old live in Tokyo than in Okinawa.

C.People in Okinawa seldom go to hospital when they are ill.

D.Takashi is a Japanese old man.

2.What do the Okinawans usually have for meals?

A.Meat and alcohol. B.Meat and fast food.

C.Fish, rice, fruit and vegetables. D.Different kinds of seafood.

3.What does the underlined word “relaxed” mean in Chinese?

A.放松自在的 B.紧张忙碌的 C.激动人心的 D.丰富多彩的

4.What do the old in Okinawa often do in the day?

A.They stay at home and watch TV.

B.They help to look after their grandsons and granddaughters.

C.They have a drink with their friends and talk happily.

D.They visit friends and chat with each other.

5.What is the secret of the Okinawans’ long life span?

A.They have healthy diets and often do sports.

B.They sleep and get up early every day.

C.They are seldom worried or unhappy.

D.They enjoy talking and watching the sunset.

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