Question

When you watch TV programs about wild animals, it is surprising to see how an antelope (羚羊) can run away from a strong lion. In the wilderness, everyone has his own way to protect himself. Even plants have their own ways to fight off enemies.

    Over millions of years, plants have developed their own defense system (防卫系统). Chemicals(化学物) are fantastically used by plants to survive . By making their leaves, flowers, roots and fruits poisonous (有毒的) to enemies, plants can fight back.

    One such plant is the Golden Wattle tree. The British scientist David Cameron has found when an animal eats the tree's leaves, the amount (数量) of poison increases in the other leaves. "It's like the injured leaves telephoning the others to fight together against the enemy", he said.

    The tree also sends defense messages to neighboring plants by giving out a special smell. Golden Wattle trees in the nearby 45 meters will get the message and produce more poison within 10 minutes. Now, if an enemy eats too many of the trees' leaves, he will die.

    Every kind of plant or tree is good at producing a special set of chemicals. Herbivores, like rabbits, can safely eat the leaves of one tree, but they may be poisoned by its neighbor.

    In this way, plants have not only developed their own defense system, but also shared it with others. This makes it impossible for a single animal to destroy even a small area of forest.

1.From the first 2 paragraphs, we can learn that_______.

A. plants can do nothing against their enemies

B. chemicals are quite useful for plants to survive

C. an antelope can always run away from a strong lion

D. leaves, roots, flowers and fruits of plants are poisonous

2.The underlined word "herbivores" in the 5th paragraph probably means animals which_______.

A. produce poison                            B. live on small animals

C. like to eat rabbits                 D. feed on plants or grass

3.The last paragraph of the passage suggests that this kind of defense system is_______.

A. bad for animals                             B. good for forests

C. helpful to some animals    D. harmful to forests

4.The passage is mainly about_____________________.

A. the examples of protecting forests

B.the balance between animals and plants

C. the ways of plants fighting against enemies

D. the relationship between lions and antelopes

 

Answer 1

【答案】

 

1.B

2.D

3.B

4.C

【解析】

试题分析：这篇短文主要讲述的是自然界中的植物也有保护自己不受敌人伤害的方式，通常他们会产生一些有毒的化学物质，而且他们还会通过释放特殊的味道向周围的植物传递信息。这种植物的自我保护对整个森林是有利的。

1.段落大意题。阅读文章的前两段，我们可以知道，这两段主要告诉了我们在自然界中，每一种生物都有保护自己的方式，植物也有，而且最常用的就是化学物质。文章中的这句话Chemicals are fantastically used by plants to survive告诉了我们，答案为B。

2.词义猜测题。根据文章第五段这个单词所在的句子Herbivores, like rabbits, can safely eat the leaves of one tree, but they may be poisoned by its neighbor.可知，这种动物是像兔子一样的，以树叶为食，故应选D。

3.推理判断题。根据文章的最后一段可知，植物不光可以发展自己的防卫系统，还能和周围的植物一起分享，所以这样就不会造成某一种动物毁掉一小片森林这样的现象，所以这对整个森林是有利的。故选B。

4.主旨大意题。这篇短文主要为我们讲述的就是自然界中植物是如何保护自己的，文章中使用了很多例子来证明，这种植物的自我保护对整个森林是有利的。故选C。

考点：科普类短文阅读。