Have you ever experienced the feeling of falling as you start to fall asleep? Sometimes you may come to realize this feeling. If so, don’t worry. Many people have felt the same thing.

In fact, these muscle twitches (肌肉抽搐) in the arms, legs or other parts of the body are called hypnic jerks (入睡抽动) or sleep starts. And they are very common. Up to 70 percent of people experience them sometimes, Huffington Post reported. But what causes it?

There are some theories(理论). Some scientists believe that the feeling of falling comes from the body relaxing itself, especially if the person is anxious or unable to get comfortable. As you’re about to sleep, your muscles become relaxed. But your brain stays awake. It misunderstands the relaxing of your muscles as a sign that you’re falling.

Then the brain jerks the body awake as if it’s trying to protect you.

Other scientists believe that different phases of sleep might cause the hypnic jerks. When we sleep, we experience two phases: non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM). During REM, our heart rate (心率), breathing and nervous system can act irregularly (不规律地). If the body experiences flashes (一瞬间) of REM while entering sleep, these irregularities could cause twitches.

If you don’t want to experience hypnic jerks, scientists have some suggestions. When you become deeply relaxed, you can learn how to reconnect slowly by moving your fingers and toes a little bit. Then start to move your head and open your eyes, while being aware of yourself as you get out of the relaxed state.

But experts agree that hypnic jerks, though sometimes scary, are harmless. If it wakes you up, simply roll over and go back to sleep. But keep in mind: a caffeinated (含咖啡因的) drink, exciting evening activities or stress may make hypnic jerks happen more often.

1.The third paragraph mainly tells us_____________.

A. there are all kinds of theories about hypnic jerks

B. different phases of sleep might cause hypnic jerks

C. People sometimes get anxious or uncomfortable

D. the feeling of falling comes from the body relaxing itself

2.How many theories on what causes hypnic jerks are mentioned?

A. Two B. Four C. Three D. Five

3.Which of the following can make hypnic jerks happen more often?

(1)Drinking caffeinated drink (2)Singing songs for a long time before sleep

(3)Too much stress (4) reading a book quietly

A. (1)(2)(3) B. (1)(2)(4) C. (2)(3)(4) D. (1)(3) (4)

4.What is the best title?

A. How to Experience Hypnic Jerks B. What causes Hypnic Jerks

C. Feelings of Falling While Going to Sleep D. Sleeping Is Good for Our Health

A Father and a Son

Passing through the Atlanta airport one morning, I caught one of those shuttles that take travelers from the main terminals (航站楼) to their boarding gates. Not many people consider them fun, but on this Saturday I heard laughter. At the front of the first shuttle were a man and his son.

We had just stopped to let off passengers, and the doors were closing again. “Here we go! Hold on to me tight!” the father said. The boy, about five years old, made sounds of happiness.

“Look out there!” the father said to his son. “See that pilot? I bet he’s walking to his plane.” The son turned his neck to look forward.

As I was early for my flight, I decided to go back to the terminal. Where I went back again, I saw that the man and his son had returned too. I realized then that they hadn’t been heading for a flight, but had just been riding the shuttle.

“I want to ride some more!”

“More?” the father said, mock-angry but clearly pleased. “ You are not tired?”

“This is fun!” his son said.

“ All right.” the father replied, when a door opened, we all got on.

There are parents who can afford to send their children to Europe or Disneyland, and there are parents who live in million-dollar houses and give their children cars and swimming pools, yet something goes wrong.

“Where are all those people going, Daddy?” the son asked.

“All over the world,” came the reply.

The other people in the airport were leaving for far destinations (终点) or arriving at the ends of their journeys. The father and son, though, were just riding this shuttle together, making it exciting, enjoying being together.

So many troubles in this country. So many questions about what to do. Here was a father who cared about spending the day with his son and who had come up with this plan on a Saturday morning.

The answer is so simple: parents who care enough to spend time, and to pay attention and to try their best. It doesn’t cost a cent, yet it is the most valuable thing in the world.

The shuttle picked up speed, and the father pointed something out, and the boy laughed again.

1.We can learn from the passage that ______.

A. the father and his son were waiting for the flight

B. the father got tired when his son wanted to ride the shuttle again

C. the father told his son about the troubles in the country

D. the father spent the day with his son and enjoyed it

2.The underlined word mock-angry means ______.

A. feeling bored

B. looking excited

C. not really angry

D. not truly surprised

3.From the story we can learn______.

A. sometimes people don’t realize what they have

B. maybe the most valuable thing doesn’t cost much

C. children should stay with their parents more often

D. parents should give their children a better life

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