Have you ever heard someone say, “You completely look like you’re a Jessica” or someone similar? People seem to think that they know what kind of person a “Jessica” or a “Michael” looks like. Why is this?

According to a research in the Journey of personality (个性) and Social Psychology, humans like to connect people’s names with their looks (长相), and can even guess someone’s name according to how they look. Researchers at the Herbrew University of Jerusalem, Israel, collected thousands of photos of people’s faces. They put a name under each photo. Then, they asked volunteers to guess which of the four names was correct. The volunteers were able to guess the right name 38 percent of the time. It seems that the faces really give them clues (线索) about someone’s name, Reader’s Digest reported. However, the volunteers were not as good at guessing the real names of people who used nicknames (昵称) more often than their real names. This may show that a person’s looks are influenced by their name only if they use it often.

This kind of face-name matching happens because we often become what other people expect us to become,” Ruth Mayo from the university told science news website Eurek Alert.

The researchers believe there are also stereotype (刻板印象) about names. For example, the volunteers usually think that men named Bob should have rounder faces because the word itself looks round. They may think that women named Rose are beautiful. They expect them to be just like the flowers that they are named for.

1.The purpose of the research is to find out________.

A.how people’s looks influence their names B.if people’s names are related to their looks

C.what the most popular English names are D.if men’s names are different from women’s

2.The underlined word “they” in Paragraph 4 refers to (指代) ________.

A.the women B.the volunteers C.the researchers D.the flowers

3.The volunteers in the research most probably match Picture with the name “Rose”.

A. B. C. D.

4.According to the text, some people look like their names because they________.

A.like to connect their names with their own looks

B.use nicknames more often than their real names

C.have become what others expect them to become

D.look forward to being seen as special persons.

5.Which of the following would most probably have this text?

A.Business Week B.New York Daily News

C.Discovery D.Science Progress

Americans love cars. They go everywhere in them. 8 5%of people in the US go to and from work by car. And most adults have driving licenses. Why does this car culture exist?

How it started

America’s love of cars started after the war(战争)when soldiers returned home from World War II to rebuild their lives. They borrowed money from the government to buy houses and cars which became the symbols of status(地位). The more money they had, the bigger their cars were.

Making of roads

During the war, President Eisenhower noticed what good roads Germany had. He decided to build new four-lane(四车道)roads in America. He said if something happened suddenly, the two-lane roads wouldn’t be able to carry all the cars that would suddenly leave the cities. Car and oil companies liked his idea and building started.

Car lover

Not just teenagers are crazy about cars. Some Americans love their cars so much that they paint their cars beautifully. These are called Art Cars. Every April there is an activity in Houston, Texas, where they show their cars.

Pollution

Cars have polluted the environment. American President Bush refused a worldwide law that is against pollution. Many countries were angry about it. Bush said he had to think of the American economy(经济)and all the American people that make money from cars. Factories say they want to make cars that pollute less. But others say making cars that pollute less will never be as good as having fewer cars.

1.When did Americans begin to love cars?

A.Before the new two-lane roads were built.

B.After World War II.

C.During World War II.

D.Before World War II.

2.New four-1ane roads were build _______.

A.in Germany B.by car and oil companies

C.in America D.when something suddenly happened

3.The underlined word “building” here means “the building of _______”.

A.companies B.soldiers’ lives C.houses D.roads

4.What were other countries’ feelings about Bush’s decision?

A.They agreed with him. B.They showed anger to it.

C.They paid no attention to it. D.The passage doesn’t tell us.

5.What does the last sentence mean?

A.It’s better to have fewer cars.

B.It’s better to make cars that pollute less.

C.It’s easier to make cars that pollute less.

D.It’s easier to make people have fewer cars.

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