When Justin Tong was a child, other kids felt sorry for him. His parents always made him do lots of housework such as taking out the rubbish and sending newspapers. But when he grew up, he was better than his childhood friends and lived a happier and healthier life.

This is the finding of a 40—year study in London. It showed that the children who worked hard in childhood had a richer and a happier future. "Children who worked in the home or community(社区)got more abilities and felt they were good people.” said Daniel Brown, the leader of the study. "Because they felt good about themselves, and others felt good about them.”

Brown's study followed 456 children. It compared the children's mental health(心理健康)with their childhood activity. The children who do part—time jobs, housework or work hard in school are much better at dealing with problems when they grow up.

Working at any age is important. Childhood activities help a child have the sense of responsibility(责任), independence, confidence(自信)and competence (竞争). They also help him understand that people must learn to work with others. The most successful people are those who know how to do this.

However, work isn't everything. As Tolstoy once said, “One can live wonderfully in this world if one knows how to work and how to love, to work for the person one loves and to love one's work.”

1.How was Justin's childhood?

A.Relaxing. B.Interesting. C.Busy.

2.According to the passage, the study in London ________.

A.lasted 40 days B.followed 456 children C.was done by Tolstoy

3.The study shows____________.

A.childhood activities have nothing to do with the children's future

B.the most successful people have a happy childhood

C.people who do more childhood activities have a better future

4.What is the meaning of the underlined word "independence"?

A.负担 B.骄傲 C.独立

5.What's the purpose of the passage?

A.To talk about an interesting study.

B.To tell us about childhood activities.

C.To encourage children to work hard.

Choose the best answer

People consume more than 2.25 billion cups of coffee across the world every day, and most say coffee tastes bitter.

Now, a new study suggests that coffee lovers can make their drink taste sweeter by simply changing the color of their cup. Scientists claim that blue and glass cups, which are popular in some coffee shops, reduce a coffee’s bitterness, without any need for sugar.

To prove their claim, scientists found 36 volunteers and used three different colored cups – blue, white and transparent (透明) glass – to do an experiment. In the experiment, white cup enhanced the flavor of coffee, which made coffee drunk from the white cup taste less sweet when compared to the other colored cups. The blue cup made the coffee taste the sweetest.

The scientists believe that the color brown may be associated with bitterness. So coffee in white cups, which appears the brownest, tastes the least sweet.

“The study suggests that café owners and baristas (咖啡吧服务员), as well a coffee cup manufacturers (制造商), should carefully consider the color of their cups,” said the scientists.

However, the idea that color can alter the taste of food and drink is not new.

A study published last year revealed that red, strawberry-flavored mousse served on a white plate was rated as 10 percent sweeter and 15 percent more flavorous than the same food presented on a black plate.

1.The underlined word “alter” in this passage probably means .

A.reduce B.change C.add D.imagine

2.Scientists used to do an experiment to prove their claim.

(1) different brands of coffee

(2) different colored coffee cups

(3) dozens of volunteers

(4) several manufacturers

A.(1)(2) B.(2)(3) C.(2)(4) D.(3)(4)

3.How can you make coffee sweeter if it’s too bitter according to the passage?

A.Use a blue cup. B.Use a yellow cup.

C.Reduce the sugar. D.Add less milk.

4.Why does coffee in white cups taste the least sweet?

A.Because white cups are less beautiful than other cups.

B.Because white cups are more popular with coffee lovers.

C.Because white cups are least associated with bitterness.

D.Because white cups make coffee seem the brownest.

5.According to the article, which of the following statements is TRUE?

A.People can make food taste sweeter by altering the size of the container.

B.Black plates usually enhance the sweetness of food and drink.

C.It seems that the color of the glass can alter the flavor of the coffee inside.

D.Strawberry-flavored mousse is 10 percent sweeter when served on brown plates.

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