The cultures of the east and the west are really different from each other. This is because the culture systems are two separate systems on the whole.

The origin of the eastern cultures is mainly from two countries: China and India. Both of the two cultures are started by rivers. In China, the mother river is the Yellow River while the Indian one is the Hindu River. These two cultures were developed for several thousand years and formed their own styles. Then in Tang Dynasty of China, the Chinese culture gradually went overseas to Japan, mixed into the Japanese society and shaped the Japanese culture nowadays. Though a bit different from the Chinese one, it belongs to the same system.

When the two mother rivers gave birth to the eastern culture, another famous culture was brought up on the Mesopotamian Plain—the Mesopotamian Civilization. This civilization later on developed into the culture of the Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. And these two are well-known as the base of the European culture. Like the Chinese culture, the European one also crossed waters. When the colonists(殖民者)of England settled down in America, their culture went with them over the Atlantic Ocean. So the American culture doesn't differ from the European one a lot.

At the same time, the difference of the language system adds to the cultural differences. In the East, most languages belong to the pictographic(象形的)language while the Western languages are mostly based on the Latin system, for example, the one I'm using to write this paper.

Other factors(因素)like human race difference counts as well. But what's, more, due to the far distance and the steep areas between the East and West, the two cultures seldom communicate until recent centuries. So they grew up totally in their own ways with almost no interference from the other.

1.Are eastern culture and western culture the same system or different ones on the whole?

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2.How did the Chinese culture and Indian culture start?

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3.Why doesn't the American culture differ from the European one a lot?

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4.How many factors of culture differences are mentioned?

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5.What is the passage mainly about?

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Winners Are Made, Not Born

No one is born a winner. People make themselves into winners by their own ______. I learned this lesson from an experience many years ago. I took the head coaching job at a school in Baxley, Georgia. It was a small school with a weak football program.

It was a tradition for the school's old team to play against the ______ team at the end of spring practice. The old team had no coach, and they didn't even practice to ______ the game. Being the coach of the new team, I was excited because I knew we were going to win, but to my disappointment, we were defeated(击败).

Thinking hard about it, I came to realize that my team might not be the number one team in Georgia, but they were depending on me. I had to change my ______ about their ability and potential(潜力).

I started doing anything I could to help them build a little pride. Most important, I began to ______ them like winners. That summer, when the other teams enjoyed their vacations, we met every day and practiced passing and kicking the football.

Six months after suffering our defeat on the spring practice field, we won our first game and our second, and continued to ______. Finally, we faced the number one team in the state. I felt that it would be a victory for us even if we lost the game. But that wasn’t what happened. My boys beat the best team in Georgia, giving me one of the greatest ______ of my life!

From the experience I learnt a lot about how the attitude of the leader can affect the members of a team. Instead of seeing my boys as losers, I pushed and encouraged them. I helped them to see themselves ______, and they built themselves into winners.

1.A.works B.tests C.efforts D.opinions

2.A.strong B.new C.good D.successful

3.A.prepare for B.cheer for C.fight for D.look for

4.A.decision B.attitude C.conclusion D.purpose

5.A.treat B.control C.choose D.change

6.A.relax B.spread C.improve D.protect

7.A.chances B.developments C.offers D.excitements

8.A.honestly B.separately C.completely D.differently

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