题目内容
The Indians invented and developed the system of numbers from 1 to 9 and 0. We can use the ten numbers to make any number from the biggest to the smallest.
However, the ancient Romans invented a different system (系统) of numbers. They used symbols (符号) and replaced them. 1 is “Ⅰ” and 2 is “Ⅱ”. For larger numbers, they invented new symbols—5 is “Ⅴ”, 10 is “Ⅹ”, and so on. But they didn’t have a symbol for zero.
Here’s a table of the Roman numbers.
1 | 5 | 10 | 50 | 100 | 500 | 1,000 |
Ⅰ | Ⅴ | Ⅹ | L | C | D | M |
The Romans combined their symbols. In this way, “Ⅶ” means “5+1+1”, or 7. However, they found that “ⅡⅡ” (for 4) and “ⅤⅡⅡ” (for 9) were too confusing, so they thought out another idea.
If the “Ⅰ” comes after the “Ⅴ”, then you add it (Ⅵ is 6); if the “Ⅰ” comes before the “Ⅴ”, then you subtract (减去) it (Ⅳ is 4). The rule is that you are allowed to add up to three (e.g. Ⅷ is 8), but only subtract one (e.g. XL is 40).
How to remember the symbols?
Ⅰis like a finger. In a whole hand, the thumb (拇指) and the little finger make a V. Ten fingers are both hands, so the two Vs make an X..
Here is a way to remember the other symbols (L, C, D, M):Little Cats Drink Milk.
( ) 51. How many numbers can we make according to the Indians’ system ?
A. three: 0, 9, 1 B. ten C. eleven D. lots of
( ) 52. Which number was not in the ancient Roman’s number system?
A. 1 B. 9 C. 0 D. 5
( ) 53. What does the underlined word “combined” probably mean in the passage?
A. 合并 B. 分离 C. 增加 D. 削减
( ) 54. What does MD mean according to the Romans’ rule of calculating?
A. 500 B. 1000 C. 1500 D. 2000
( ) 55 Which sentence is NOT true according to the passage?
A. “Little Cats Drink Milk” can help us to remember some of the numbers symbols.
B. The Indians invented the system of numbers from 1 to 9 and 0.
C. You are not allowed to make a number like “XXL”
D. The ancient Romans repeated symbols to make any number.
DCACD
It was a cold spring morning in London. The weather was very cold, and many people were ill. So there were many people in the doctor's waiting room. At the head of the queue was an old woman. The woman was a visitor. She did not live in London. She lived in the country. She was in the city to visit her daughter. She wanted to see the doctor because her back hurt. Soon an Indian
(印度人)came into the waiting room, and walked quickly to the doctor's door. The old woman thought he was a queue jumper. She stood up and took his ann. Slowly, she said,“We were all here before you. You must wait for your turn…you…understand?”The Indian answered:
“No, madam. You don't understand! You're all after me! I'm the doctor!”(1) The old woman lived _________.
[ ]
A .in a small town |
B .in London |
C .in the country |
D .in the city |
(2) It was cold _________.
[ ]
A .and many people were ill |
B .and all the people were ill |
C .but nobody was ill |
D .but only a few people were ill |
(3) The woman wanted to see the doctor because _________.
[ ]
A .her daughter was ill |
B .she knew him |
C .her back hurt |
D .she was very old |
(4) When the Indian walked quickly to the doctor's door, the woman thought _________
[ ]
A .he was a cleaner |
B .she knew him |
C .he was a visitor |
D .he was a queue jumper |
(5) The Indian said they were all after him because _________.
[ ]
A
.he was at the head of the queueB
.he was the doctorC
.he was an IndianD
.he was very ill
|