Read the passage and answer the following questions. (回答问题):

When it comes to the letter grade on your test or homework, you might notice that there is no letter (字母) E. Have you ever thought about why that is so?

In the A, B, C, D and F grading system, the first four letters are considered passing grades. An F in this system simply stands for “fail”. The word “fail” happens to start with the letter F, which seems to leave out the letter E. However, E grade actually has been used pretty commonly throughout the history of letter grades in the US.

The first college in the US to use a letter grading system like the ones we use today is Mount Holyoke College. In 1897, they began to use the following grading scale:

A: 95-100% (excellent) B: 85-94% (good) C: 76-84% (fair)

D: 75% (barely passed) E: below 75% (failed)

We can see the E grade instead of F grade.

Gradually, the letter grading system became more popular throughout the US. Later, many schools decided to change the E grade and into the F grade. There is no evidence (证据) to really support this, but one possible explanation is that teachers were worried that some students and parents might mistake E for “excellent”.

Why do we have letter grades? Well, part of the reason is that they made grading simpler. As the 20th century began, school classrooms became bigger. Most teachers at that time thought this new letter grading system was an easy, fair and clear way to grade students.

Today, more and more people argue that letter grades don’t fully reflect (反映) student learning. However, as teachers try to improve grading methods, many parents still prefer the letter grades because they are familiar and easy for parents to understand. Although they might not be perfect, the letter grades probably aren’t going away any time soon.

1.It there a letter E in the grading system now?

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2.What does an F stand for in the A.B.C.D and F grading system?

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3.When was the letter grading system first used in the US college?

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4.What is the one of the possible reasons for changing the E grade and into the F grade?

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5.How did most teachers like the letter grading system in the 20th century?

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6.Do you want to get letter grades or number scores on your test or homework? Why?

____________________________________________________________

I did something wrong today.

While at the beach this afternoon. I met a boy called Bob We talked a lot. He said that it was fun playing on the cliffs (悬崖). I told him that I was not allowed to go near that place( Mum and Dad had always told me it was dangerous to play there). He called me a coward. I wanted to prove to him that I was just as brave, so I agreed to go with him

We wanted to make our way down to explore (探索)the area. so Bob started to climb down and I followed him. Unluckily. some rocks came down after us. One of them nearly hit my head. We could not get back up. We shouted and shouted for help. but for a long time no help came. I was really scared. I wanted to cry. Then, we heard some sounds. Someone had heard us. A woman tied (系 )a rope around herself while a man at the cliff top held the rope. She made her way down to save us.

My parents were relieved (宽慰的)that I was unhurt, but they were angry that I had done such a risky thing. I apologized and promised that I would not do anything like that again

1.Where did the writer meet Bob?

A. At school B. In the park

C. At the beach D. On the cliffs

2.In Paragraph 2. “a coward” means______

A. a person who is not brave B. a person who is not clever

C. a person who is not strong D. a person who is not polite

3.What had the writer s parents always warned him about?

A. The wind was very strong

B. The beach was too far away

C. The cliffs were not a safe place

D. Bob was difficult to get on with

4.Put the sentences in the right order according to the passage

a. Some rocks came down

b. The writer followed Bob

c. The writer wanted to cry

d. A man and a woman saved them

e. The writer and Bob heard some sounds

A. a-b-c-d-e B. b-a-c-e-d C. a-c-b-e-d D. b-c-a-e-d

5.How did the writer feel about what he had done?

A. Surprised B. Excited C. Glad D. Sorry

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