题目内容
Have you heard of the term “etiquette” And do you know that etiquette is not only a useful word 46 very useful to understand?
Etiquette is not the same in every culture 47 in every situation. For example, standing very close to the person you are talking with is quite common in some Asian countries. However; if you do this in Europe, some 48 people might feel 49.Even in China, we all know that etiquette is not the same in all situations. Perhaps we think that talking loudly in our own homes is fine, but there are other places where talking loudly is 50 .For example ,most people would agree that talking loudly in a library, a museum, or a movie theater is 51 .Even if you are with your friends, it is better to keep your voice 52 in public places. In fact, we should also 53 not to cough or sneeze loudly in public.
If we see someone 54 the rules of etiquette, we may politely give them some suggestions. Perhaps one of the most polite ways 55 ask someone, Would you mind doing this or Would you mindnot doing that. For example, if someone cuts 56 you in a line, you could ask them, Sorry, would you mind 57 the line? If someone is smoking on the bus you could ask, Excuse me, could you please 58 that cigarette? People don’t usually like 59 , so we have to be careful how we do this.
Although rules of etiquette can often be different, some rules are the same almost everywhere in the world! For example, 60 is almost never allowed. If you see someone you know doing this, you can ask them, Would you mind picking it up?
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1.D
2.A
3.C
4.B
5.C
6.B
7.D
8.A
9.B
10.D
11.B
12.D
13.C
14.C
15.A
【解析】短文属于说明文，介绍了各地不同的礼仪规则，我们要学会遵守这些规则，也要帮助他人遵守。
1.固定搭配not only… but also“不仅……而且”
2.从not可知表示否定，否定句的并列结构用or连接。
3.根据in Europe可知，这里所指的是本地人。
4.根据However，可推测意思转折，这样做欧洲不common，因此他们的感觉的用消极的词汇。
5.前面有but，意思转折，说明这样做不好。选择not allowed“不被允许”。
6.根据上文的交代，下面所举的例子中大声说话是不允许的。因此在这些公共场合，大声说话是“粗鲁的”。
7.keep down“压低,放低(声音)”，与上文意思衔接，还是指公共场合不大声说话。
8.因为公共场合需要保持安静，这里是“尽量不要大声地咳嗽或打喷嚏”，try not to do…“尽量不要做…”
9.根据后文中的“提醒”，可猜测这里是break the rules“违反规则”；see sb doing…“看到某人正做某事”。
10.one of…做主语，连系动词用is；做表语的动词应该用不定式。
11.in front of“在……（外面的）前面”
12.希望对方排队。join“参加”
13.希望对方把烟熄灭。put out“熄灭”
14.上面的几个事都是对不守规则的人的“劝告”，也可以说是“批评”“制止”。我们在处理这些事时要小心，语气一定委婉，因为有时人们不喜欢“被批评”。使用不定式的被动结构。
15.根据后面的“picking it up”，可知有人乱扔东西。dropping litter“丢垃圾”。
