题目内容

阅读与回答问题。(本大题共5小题,每小题2分,满分10分)

   Jeff Keith has only one leg. When he was 12 years old, Jeff had cancer. Doctors had to cut off most of his right leg. Every day Jeff puts on an artificial(man-made) leg. The leg was plastic. With the plastic leg, Jeff can ski, ride a bicycle, swim and play soccer. He can also run.

   When he was 22 years old, Jeff Keith ran across the United States, from the East to the West. He started running in Boston on April 1. He stopped running in Los Angeles. He ran 5,190 kilometres; that’s about 26 kilometres each day. Jeff wore out 36 pairs of running shoes and five plastic legs.

   Jeff stopped in cities on the way to Los Angeles. In every city people gave Jeff money. The money was not for Jeff. It was for the American Cancer Society. The American Cancer Society used the money to learn about cancer.

   On the way to Los Angeles, Jeff talked to people about cancer. He also talked about being disabled. Jeff is disabled, but he can do many things: he skis, swims, plays soccer, and runs. He finished college and is studying to be a lawyer. Jeff says, “People can do anything they want to do. I want people to know that. I ran not only for disabled people. I ran for everybody.”

1. Why does Jeff have one leg left?

   __________________________________________________________________________

2. What did Jeff do with the money he got on the way to Los Angeles?

   __________________________________________________________________________

3. What does Jeff want to be in the future?

   __________________________________________________________________________

4.How long did it take Jeff to run from Boston to Los Angeles?

   __________________________________________________________________________

5. What does the story want to tell us?(请自拟一句话作答)

   __________________________________________________________________________

 

【答案】

 

1. Because he got cancer and most of his one leg was cut off.

2. He gave the money to the American Cancer Society for learning about cancer.

3. A lawyer.

4. About 200 days.

5. Disabled people can do anything they want. / Jeff is a brave, confident and kind person.(与文章内容相关即可。)

【解析】略

 

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阅读与回答问题

  Many years ago, there was a family named Franklin.They lived in Boston.There were five girls and six boys in the family.On a January day in 1706 another baby was born.The boy's mother and her husband gave the boy a name-Benjamin(本杰明·富兰克林 美国杰出的科学家和政治家).

  Benjamin was the cleverest of all the children.He could read when he was five and he could write when he was seven.The next year his parents sent him to school.

  In school Benjamin was good at reading and writing, but not good at maths.He read all of his father's books.And when he had money, he always went to buy books.He liked books.They told him how to do something.The boy liked to use his head and tried to find ways to help people enjoy life more.For example, he tried to know if there was some way to swim farther, maybe with something on his hands or feet.Slowly a picture of swimming shoes, or paddles(桨形工具), grew in his mind.The paddles must be neither too big nor too small.And they must be neither too heavy nor light.At last he invented the paddle for swimming.

1.How many children did Mr.Franklin have?

______________________________________________

2.Why was it said Benjamin was clever?

______________________________________________

3.When did Benjamin begin to go to school?

______________________________________________

4.Why did Benjamin like books?

______________________________________________

5.What did Benjamin invent the paddles for?

______________________________________________

阅读与回答问题。(本大题共5小题,每小题2分,满分10分)
Jeff Keith has only one leg. When he was 12 years old, Jeff had cancer. Doctors had to cut off most of his right leg. Every day Jeff puts on an artificial(man-made) leg. The leg was plastic. With the plastic leg, Jeff can ski, ride a bicycle, swim and play soccer. He can also run.
When he was 22 years old, Jeff Keith ran across the United States, from the East to the West. He started running in Boston on April 1. He stopped running in Los Angeles. He ran 5,190 kilometres; that’s about 26 kilometres each day. Jeff wore out 36 pairs of running shoes and five plastic legs.
Jeff stopped in cities on the way to Los Angeles. In every city people gave Jeff money. The money was not for Jeff. It was for the American Cancer Society. The American Cancer Society used the money to learn about cancer.
On the way to Los Angeles, Jeff talked to people about cancer. He also talked about being disabled. Jeff is disabled, but he can do many things: he skis, swims, plays soccer, and runs. He finished college and is studying to be a lawyer. Jeff says, “People can do anything they want to do. I want people to know that. I ran not only for disabled people. I ran for everybody.”
1. Why does Jeff have one leg left?
__________________________________________________________________________
2. What did Jeff do with the money he got on the way to Los Angeles?
__________________________________________________________________________
3. What does Jeff want to be in the future?
__________________________________________________________________________
4.How long did it take Jeff to run from Boston to Los Angeles?
__________________________________________________________________________
5. What does the story want to tell us?(请自拟一句话作答)
__________________________________________________________________________
阅读下面两个材料并回答问题:
【材料一】2011年10月3日,诺贝尔奖委员会宣布,美国科学家布鲁斯·巴特勒、卢森堡科学家朱尔斯·霍夫曼和加拿大科学家拉尔夫·斯坦曼获得2011年诺贝尔医学生理学奖。在长期进化过程中人体具备两种免疫机能:一是“固有免疫”,二是“获得性免疫”。布鲁斯·巴特勒、朱尔斯·霍夫曼的获奖领域在前者;而拉尔夫·斯坦曼的工作主要在后者。
布鲁斯·巴特勒、朱尔斯·霍夫曼发现了由“Toll”基因编码的关键受体蛋白,该受体蛋白能识别病原微生物,并激活“固有免疫”,打开免疫反应的第一步;拉尔夫·斯坦曼发现的树突状细胞在免疫应答中作用,树突状细胞在体内游弋,发现并摄取病原体的特异性抗原,并报告给T淋巴细胞,T细胞将调动其他免疫细胞发生级联反应,最终消灭病原体。
(1)材料中所描述的“固有免疫”就是_____________________免疫,这种免疫对所有的病原体都有防御作用。(1分)
(2)下列有关“Toll”基因的叙述正确的是:_____________(单选)(1分)
A.Toll基因只存在于免疫细胞中
B.Toll基因编码受体蛋白,体现基因对性状的直接控制
C.Toll基因编码的受体蛋白能识别病原微生物,体现了免疫细胞的特异性识别
D.效应T细胞能与靶细胞密切接触就是该受体功能体现
(3)下列有关树突状细胞的叙述正确的是:_____________________(不定项)
A.树突状细胞在免疫中发挥作用,说明神经系统与免疫系统功能密切相关
B.在细胞免疫和体液免疫中树突状细胞所起的作用没有明显差别
C.树突状细胞能够处理和呈递病原体的抗原特异性
D.树突状细胞可触发T细胞发生免疫反应
E.树突状细胞可能是一种吞噬细胞
【材料二】(根据南方周末《乔布斯的错误与诺奖得主的试验》整理)就在瑞典卡罗琳医学院宣布本年度诺贝尔医学奖的前3天,斯坦曼因胰腺癌不幸离世,他没能亲耳听到自己获奖的喜讯,令人惋惜。就在他离世死后的第6天“改变世界”的IT精英乔布斯也因胰腺癌英年早逝。
两人所患的胰腺癌都是死亡率极高的恶性肿瘤。乔布斯患的是“胰腺内分泌型肿瘤”,该病症病情发展缓慢,能存活数年的患者不在少数。但这位著名的素食主义者曾一度拒绝手术治疗,导致肿瘤细胞转移,病情迅速恶化。
而斯坦曼所患的病症为“胰腺外分泌型肿瘤”,该病患者的存活期往往只有数月。斯坦曼在2007年确诊胰腺癌后,就积极尝试基于树突状细胞的治疗性疫苗(DC疫苗)。借助这种“细胞免疫疗法”,他的生命从预期的数月延长至4年。
(4)乔布斯癌变的细胞可能是_____________细胞,该细胞的分泌物与_________________。系统消灭癌细胞的过程是_____________(填一种特异性免疫)发挥作用。
(5)斯坦曼所注射的DC疫苗是由其体内的树突状细胞和肿瘤细胞中提取的一种短肽(即治疗性疫苗),该短肽在免疫中作为_____________引起人体发生免疫反应。除树突状细胞外,斯坦曼体能够特异性识别这种短肽的细胞还有(至少写出3种)______________________________________。
(6)有人认为DC疫苗对防治癌症有一定的疗效,原因是:通过免疫反应斯坦曼体内的免疫系统产生抗体,抗体与该短肽特异性结合,使短肽失效。你认为这个解释对吗,____________,请说出你的理由:_________________________。(共2分)
(7)斯坦曼生前尝试注射过三种DC疫苗,却还是未能逃出死神的魔掌,请从免疫学的角度分析导致他死亡的可能原因是:________________________________________。

阅读与回答问题。(本大题共5小题,每小题2分,满分10分)

   Jeff Keith has only one leg. When he was 12 years old, Jeff had cancer. Doctors had to cut off most of his right leg. Every day Jeff puts on an artificial(man-made) leg. The leg was plastic. With the plastic leg, Jeff can ski, ride a bicycle, swim and play soccer. He can also run.

   When he was 22 years old, Jeff Keith ran across the United States, from the East to the West. He started running in Boston on April 1. He stopped running in Los Angeles. He ran 5,190 kilometres; that’s about 26 kilometres each day. Jeff wore out 36 pairs of running shoes and five plastic legs.

   Jeff stopped in cities on the way to Los Angeles. In every city people gave Jeff money. The money was not for Jeff. It was for the American Cancer Society. The American Cancer Society used the money to learn about cancer.

   On the way to Los Angeles, Jeff talked to people about cancer. He also talked about being disabled. Jeff is disabled, but he can do many things: he skis, swims, plays soccer, and runs. He finished college and is studying to be a lawyer. Jeff says, “People can do anything they want to do. I want people to know that. I ran not only for disabled people. I ran for everybody.”

1. Why does Jeff have one leg left?

   __________________________________________________________________________

2. What did Jeff do with the money he got on the way to Los Angeles?

   __________________________________________________________________________

3. What does Jeff want to be in the future?

   __________________________________________________________________________

4.How long did it take Jeff to run from Boston to Los Angeles?

   __________________________________________________________________________

5. What does the story want to tell us?(请自拟一句话作答)

   __________________________________________________________________________

 

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