Can you imagine that several hundred years ago, tomatoes were seen as toxic food in Europe?

What made Europeans believe this was John Gerard’s publication of Herbal in 1597. Gerard wrote: “The leaves and stalks of the tomato plant are toxic.” Undoubtedly, Gerard’s opinion was based on a misunderstanding of tomatoes. But his opinion was widely spread in Britain and North America for over two hundred years.

In the late 1700s, a lot of Europeans held more fears for tomatoes. A nick name for the fruit was “poison apple” because it was believed that aristocrats(贵族) got sick and died after eating them. But the actual reason was the pewter plates they used. Since tomatoes are high in acidity, when placed on the plates, the lead(铅) in the plates would dissolve. This caused many deaths. This is unluckily, no one knew this at that time. So the innocent tomatoes were picked as the killer.

Today, more than one and a half billion tons of tomatoes are produced every year around the world. Tomatoes are cooked in various ways. This healthy and tasty food finally wins its innocence(清白) back.

1.What does the underlined word “toxic” in paragraph 1 mean?

A.delicious B.nutritious(营养) C.poisonous D.safe

2.What do we know about the book Herbal?

A.It was written by an American writer. B.It was published about 400 years ago.

C.Tomatoes were described as good food. D.Chinese herbal medicine was included.

3.What’s the passage mainly about?

A.Europeans’ fears for tomatoes B.History of tomato planting

C.Why do people eat so many tomatoes D.How did the tomato prove its value

Dog’s Best Friend

Jarrett Little was road testing his mountain bike outside of Columbus, Georgia, when his riding partner, Chris Dixon, stopped suddenly. Something nearby moving among the trees had caught her attention. It turned out to be a sandy-colored five-month-old dog.

“He was really thin, and had a broken leg,” Little told CBS News. The cyclists fed the friendly dog and shared their water. They also quickly realized that the dog was coming with them, although they had no idea how. They were more than seven miles from downtown and riding bikes. “We couldn’t leave him,” Little said. “Out there next to the Oxbow Meadows, he was going to end up as alligator (短吻鳄) food.”

Little, a 31-year-old business owner, had an idea. He carefully picked up his new friend and put the 38-pound dog’s back legs into the pockets of his cycling shirt. Then he placed the dog’s front legs over his shoulders.

“He was hurt, so he wasn’t trying to fight,” Little says. “He was also happy that we were there, touching him, and hadn’t taken off on him.”

Their 30-minute ride into town ended at a bike store, where they got more water and food for the dog. “That was when Andrea Shaw, a company worker, happened by. The dog went straight to her, smelling and “loving on her,” says Dixon. Shaw was touched and, after learning what had happened, decided to keep the dog.

Shaw called him Columbo after the town where they’d met and planned an operation on his leg. Today, Columbo is living the high life on a farm with a horse and a six-year-old boy to keep him company. As Dixon said, “He is really the luckiest dog alive.”

1.Why did Dixon stop suddenly during the road testing?

A.She noticed something moving among the trees.

B.She had cycled seven miles and wanted to rest.

C.She met some other riding partners by chance.

D.She wanted to share some water with Little.

2.What can we learn about the dog?

A.He is unfriendly to people.

B.He is kept happily on a farm.

C.He weighed about 31 pounds.

D.He ended up as alligator food.

3.According to the passage, the dog’s best friend is .

A.the alligator B.the human C.the horse D.CBS News

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