When you make a mistake, big or small, treasure it as it's the most valuable thing in the world.

Most of us feel bad when we make mistakes, beat ourselves up about it, feel like failures, and get mad at ourselves.

And that's only natural: Most of us have been taught from a young age that mistakes are bad, and we should try to avoid mistakes. We've been punished when we make mistakes — at home, school and work. Maybe not always, but probably enough times to make feeling bad about mistakes an unconscious reaction(无意识的反应).

Yet without mistakes, we could not learn or grow. If you think about it that way, mistakes should be treasured and celebrated for being one of the most amazing things in the world: They make learning possible; they make growth and improvement possible.

By test and error — trying things, making mistakes, and learning from those mistakes — we have found out how to make electric lights, to paint the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, and to fly.

Mistakes make walking possible for the smallest toddler, make speech possible, and make works of genius(天才) possible.

Think about how we learn: We don't just get information about something and know it at once or know how to do it. You don't just read about painting, or writing, or computer programming, or baking, or playing the piano, and know how to do them right away. Instead, you get information about something, from reading or from another person or from watching usually ... then you set a model in your mind ... then you test it out by trying it in the real world ... then you make mistakes ... then you correct the model based on the results of your real world experiment ... and repeat, making mistakes, learning from those mistakes, until you've pretty much learned how to do something.

That's how we learn as babies and toddlers, and how we learn as adults. Mistakes are how we learn to do something new — because if you succeed in something, it's probably something you already knew how to do. You haven't really grown much from that success — at most it's the last step on your journey, not the whole journey. Most of the journey is made up of mistakes, if it's a good journey.

So if you value learning, if you value growing and improving, then you should value mistakes. They are amazing things that make a world full of wonders possible.

1.According to the passage, how should we treat mistakes?

A. We should try to avoid making mistakes.

B. We should owe great inventions mainly to mistakes.

C. We should treat mistakes as good chances to learn.

D. We should make feeling bad about mistakes an unconscious reaction.

2.The underlined word “toddler” in Paragraph 6 probably means ________.

A. a small child learning to walk

B. a kindergarten child learning to draw

C. a primary pupil learning to read

D. a school teenager learning to write

3.We can learn from the passage that ________.

A. most of us can really grow from success

B. growing and improving are based on mistakes

C. we learn to make mistakes by test and error

D. we read about something and know how to do it right away

4.The author wants to tell us ________.

A. what you should do when meeting with difficulties

B. where you can find your mistakes

C. how you can avoid making mistakes

D. why you should celebrate your mistakes

The human brain(大脑) weighs about 1.4 kilograms, but it can, hold much more information than most computers. However, there is another difference between humans and computers. Computers don't forget information they are given, but humans often do. No one remembers everything, and luckily we don't usually have to. But everyone can improve their memory if they want to. Here are some suggestions.

◆Try to use new information immediately. For example, if you meet someone who says "Hi! I'm Carlos," don't just say "Hello." Repeat the person's name. Say"__________"

◆Break a big number into smaller parts. For example, it's hard to memorize (记忆) 109244153. But if you break it into three parts--109/244/153—it becomes easier.

◆Write out what you need to remember over and over again. This will help you keep it in mind longer, especially for memorizing formulas (公式) or facts.

◆Always review information. If you bring what you've learned back to your mind, they become easier to remember. For example, before you go to sleep, it’s a good idea to review the new things you learned that day.

◆Discuss with a friend. It is always easier to remember things through discussions. You can have a discussion about what's right and what's wrong, and it will lead to the right answer.

◆____l your________________. You can always do something to help improve your memory. And everyone's memory gets better if they use it often enough.

All of the suggestions are helpful. If you follow them, you are certain to improve your memory.

1.

A. Hello, Carlos. B. How do you do?

C. Hello, I am Sophia. D. Glad to meet you!

2.

A. To store it in a computer.

B. To break it into smaller parts.

C. To discuss it with a friend.

D. To review it before you sleep.

3.

A. Discussing with friends can help you remember things.

B. Always reviewing information can help you fall asleep.

C. Formulas and facts can help you learn about your brain.

D. Human beings can improve their memory by computer.

4.What does the sentence "Never tell yourself that you have a bad memory” mean?

A. You should tell others about your bad memory.

B. You should believe in other people all the time.

C. You should ask others to improve their memory.

D. You should be confident in your memory ability.

You eat to stay fit and keep your body working, right? Then reading is food for your mind and soul. Reading informs you of what's happening around. Reading encourages you to think and imagine, think out of the box and imagine the impossible.

In the past, people just read books, only books. Today, we have books online, which makes reading easy. The web, our new storehouse of information, is just a click away. But this is in no way has stolen the magic of reading books, the sound of their pages fluttering(翻页)and the smells of___You can lie in bed with a book, but with a computer you possibly can't. No matter how you read, reading is important.

Remember those bedtime stories? We read fun facts about animals, plants and the universe. We ask “why” and “how”. In books, we find the answers. Children who are introduced to reading at an early age seem to have a better understanding of phonics(语音学).They master language skills easily, have a richer vocabulary and have greater reading abilities. Children, who grow up reading good books, mostly stand out. The way they think and act is very different from those who have never been introduced to reading. Reading not only adds to their knowledge but also shape their personalities.

The more you read, the more creative you will become. Reading develops vocabulary, improves language skills and sharpens(使敏捷)your problem-solving abilities. Reading gives you knowledge and makes you more confident. The more you read about others' life experiences, the better decision-maker you will become.

Reading about the importance of reading can lead you to read more and more. So choose a book you like and don't stop reading until you reach the end. And even after that read as much as you can.

1.Which of the following is TRUE?

A. Children should start reading at a young age.

B. Parents should tell their children stories every day.

C. Teenagers should think and act differently from others.

D. Students should find answers to their questions in books.

2.When you read, the books .

A. must be storybooks

B. should be only about the importance of reading

C. must be paper books

D. should be finished reading

3.The underlined(画线的)sentence in Paragraph 2 means .

A. reading books is no longer a pleasure to people

B. reading books is less interesting than reading online

C. reading online can’t take the place of reading books

D. reading online can't be difficult for people

4.What can we infer from the passage'?

A. More teenagers read online now.

B. What teenagers read builds their future.

C. What children should learn first is phonics.

D. More practice makes reading easier.

5.What's the best title for the passage?

A. Why Is Reading Important?

B. What Should Teenagers Read

C. How Is Reading Ability Improved?

D. When Should Children Start Reading?

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