The practice of students endlessly copying letters and sentences from a blackboard is a thing of the past. With the coming of new technologies like computers and smart phone, writing by hand has become something of old skill. However, while today’s educators are using more and more technology in their teaching, many believe handwriting skills are still necessary for students to be successful--both in school and in life.

Virginia Berninger, professor of educational psychology(心理学) at the University of Washington, says it’s important to continue teaching handwriting and help children learn the skill of writing by hand.

Berninger and her workmates carried out a study that looked at the ability of students to complete different writing tasks---both on a computer and by hand. The study, published in 2009, found that when writing with a pen and paper, people wrote longer articles and more complete sentences.

In a more recent study, Berninger looked at what role spelling plays in a student’s writing skills and found that how well children spell is tied to how well they can write. “Spelling makes some of the thinking parts of the brain active which helps us get our vocabulary, word meaning and ideas. It is allowing our written language to connect with ideas.” Berninger said.

Spelling helps students translate ideas into words in their mind first and then to transcribe(转换) “those words in the mind into written symbols(标志) on paper or keyboard and screen,” the study said. Seeing the words in the “mind’s eye” helps children not only to turn their ideas into words, says Berninger, but also to notice spelling mistakes when they write the words down and to correct them over time.

“In our computer age, some people believe that we don’t have to teach spelling because we have spell checks,” she said. “But until a child has spelling ability of about a fifth grade level, they won’t have the knowledge to choose the correct spelling among the choices given by the computer.”

1. Which of the following best shows the role of spelling?

     A. Spelling improves one’s memory of words.                 

     B. Spelling ability is closely tied to writing ability.

     C. Spelling benefits the translation from words into ideas.

     D. Spelling slows down finding exact words to express ideas.

2. What does “mind’s eye” in paragraph 5 mean?

     A. Window.                     B. Emotion.                 C. Picture.     D. Imagination.

3. What can we learn from the passage?

     A. Computers can help people with their choice of words.

     B. Spell checks can take the place of spelling teaching.

   C. Handwriting still has a place in today’s classrooms.

     D. Spelling ability develops fast in the fifth grade.


完形填空,阅读下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择最佳选项。

One day, I heard an American boy say to a Chinese girl student, “ You speak very good English.” But the girl answered, “ No, no. My English is very poor.” The foreigner was quite 1at the answer. Thinking he had not made 2understood or the girl had not heard him clearly, he said ,“ Yes , indeed, you speak very well.”but the girl still kept saying , “ No.” In the end the American boy could not understand and didn’t know 3 to say.

What’s wrong with the girl’s answer? She didn’t 4 a compliment (恭维)in the same way as the American people do . She should5 ,“ Thank you”instead of“ No” . She really understood what the American boy had said, but she thought she should be modest. In the west, people will feel proud and 6 when they are praised . So if someone says the 7 you have cooked are very delicious , you should say , “ Thank you .”

In our country, we think being modest is a virtue and being proud is a bad thing , but in my opinion , being confident does not 8 being proud , so sometimes you should be confident 9 being modest.

10 you are modest and say ,“No , I’m afraid I can’t do it well” , while working in a western country , the others may think that you really cannot do it . If you often say “No” , you will certainly be looked down upon by 11 . When asking for a job , if one says something like “Yes , I can certainly do it ” instead of “ Let me have a try ” , he or she will 12 get it . So in the west , you should be brave to show your self-confidence.

1.A. excited B. relaxed C. surprised D. frightened

2. A. itself B. himself C.herself D. themselves

3. A. how B. when C. what D. which

4. A.accept B.receive C. refuse D. disagree

5. A. read B.talk C. write D.answer

6. A. shy B. modest C. shameful D. confident

7. A. dishes B. cups C. glasses D. bowls

8. A. ask B. say C. mean D. think

9. A. as soon as B. instead of C.as well as D. not only

10. A. If B. Until C. Whether D. Unless

11. A. another B. others C. the other D. the others

12. A. fail to B.succeed in C. believe in D. expect to

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