The average (平均的) American child spends three to five hours a day watching TV. In 1961, the average child began to watch television at age three; however, today it is nine months. Yet, most parents think that television has bad influence on their children. For example, in the early 1970s, my parents believed that my bad eyesight was the result of sitting too close to the screen, and they therefore made my stay at least six feet from it. Today, most people have no such worry, but many new ridiculous (荒谬的) sayings have appeared:

*TV makes kids stupid. Many children watch more educational programs when they are pre-schoolers (学龄前儿童). When they grow up, they can read more books and have much better ideas to solve difficult problems than other children.

*TV makes kids violent (暴力的). The real story is not so simple. Hundreds of studies show that watching violence on TV makes children more aggressive (好斗的). But a study of over 5000 children also finds that some positive(正面的) programs make children kinder The problem is that kids are increasingly watching shows with violence instead of those suitable for their age.

*Sitting around watching TV makes kids overweight. An experiment finds that when children watch less television, they do lose extra weight; however, reducing their television time does not make them more active. The real problem lies in snacking (吃零食). A widespread habit for kids, and junk food advertisements.

*TV helps kids get to sleep. The opposite is true. The more television children watch, the more likely they are to have irregular(无规律的) sleep and nap (小睡) patterns(模式). Allowing kids to watch television is part of the problem, not the solution(解决方法).

1.Which one is the advantage of educational TV programs?

A.They will make children solve difficult problems better than others.

B.They will improve children's ability to get along with others.

C.They are likely to make children more aggressive.

D.They will make sure of children's success in the future.

2.Why are children spending much time watching TV likely to be fat?

A.Watching TV makes children lazy and inactive.

B.Children are attracted by the food advertisement on TV.

C.Watching TV doesn't burn up as much fat as doing sports.

D.Children like to snack while watching TV.

3.What influence does watching TV have on a child's seep?

A.Children are likely to sleep deeper after watching TV.

B.Children's sleep time will be greatly reduced.

C.It will make children form a bad habit of sleeping

D.It will make children sleep easier.

4.What is the purpose of this text?

A.To increase people’s knowledge of watching TV.

B.To warn parents of the disadvantages of watching TV.

C.To explain the bad influences that watching TV has on children.

D.To correct parents' wrong ideas of television’s effect (影响) on children.

Learning with Legos For more than 60 years, Lego bricks(砖块) have developed children's imaginations. Now, a new form of these toys is called Lego Braille Bricks. It is being tested around the world.

Lego Braille Bricks are designed to help people learn Braille(盲文). That's a system of writing in which letters are replaced by raised knobs(凸起). The small knobs on the bricks are put as Braille letters. Blind children can use their fingertips to read the knobs to learn Braille. According to the World Health Organization, 36 million people worldwide are blind. In the United States, only 10% of blind children learn Braille. Lego Braille Bricks can help change that.

Braille Bricks will be launched(上市) by Lego in 2020. For some schools, it will be free. The Danish Association of the Blind was one of the first organizations to come up with the idea of using Lego bricks to teach Braille. Thorkild Olesen, the president of the organization, is blind. He says many teachers don't have the tools and skills to help kids learn Braille. So they teach with audio tools, such as audio books. "Like any other people, we need to express ourselves in writing, " Olesen told TIME for Kids." Audio is great. But it can never replace Braille. Braille is the most important tool for us. It is the best way for blind people to learn to spell correctly, write, and read like common people."

Olesen's organization shared his idea for Braille Bricks with the Lego Foundation(基金会). Olesen explained to the toy maker that the knobs on Legos are similar to Braille letters. Stine Storm is a project manager at the Lego Foundation. She liked the idea of turning Lego bricks into a learning tool. "It was a fun and playful way to teach Braille to blind children," she says, "Lego Braille Bricks will also have printed letters on them that match the Braille letters, so sighted children and blind children can play with the Legos together."

What is the new form of the toy called? 1.

How can blind children learn Braille with Lego Braille Bricks? 2.

When will Braille Bricks be launched by Lego? 3.

Why is Braille the most important tool for blind people? 4.

Why does Stine Storm like the idea of turning Lego bricks into a learning tool? 5.

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