Language students often think they have a memory problem. They worry because they can’t remember vocabulary. They think something is wrong with their brain. In fact, the problem is not their brain or their memory. The problem is the way they study.

If you want to improve your memory, it’s important to understand how it works. There are two kinds of memory: short-term and long-term. All information goes into your short-term memory first. But it can stay there for just a few minutes. In order to remember something for more than a few minutes, it must move into your long-term memory.

Only some things move into your long-term memory. Which things? This is an important question for a student. In fact, your long-term memory keeps things that are interesting or important to you. That’s why you remember big events in your life or your favorite sports events. Your long-term memory keeps other things, too. It holds onto things that you have thought about and worked with. So if you want to remember words, you have to work with them in some ways.

Many students study vocabulary by repeating(背诵)the words. This may be enough to remember them for a while. But after a day or a week, you may have lost them. The reason for this is very simple. Long-term memory is like a very big library with many, many books. And like a library, it is organized. When you put away a book - or a memory - you can’t just leave it everywhere. If you want to find it again, you have to put it in a certain place.

Repeating a new word doesn’t help you remember it for long, because it doesn’t give you any way to find it again. You need to make a place for the word in your long-term memory. There are many ways you can do this. You can write sentences with the word. Or you can make a very short story about it. You can also make a picture in your mind with the word. For example, if the word is height(高度), you can think of the tallest person you know and try to guess his height.

All of these activities are ways to work with words. They make the meaning of words stronger in your long-term memory. And they give you a way to find a word when you read it.

1.What can we learn about memory according to the passage?

A. Things that are important only stay in short-term memory.

B. Things we see usually goes into long-term memory first.

C. We’ll forget a word soon if it goes into short-term memory.

D. We’ll never forget a word if it goes into long-term memory.

2.What does the word “organized” in Paragraph 4 mean?

A. put in order B. worked together

C. found difficult D. left somewhere.

3.This passage is mainly about ________.

A. why we often forget words B. what is wrong with our brain

C. what our long-term memory does D. how we can improve our memory

Some years ago, the great boxer (拳击家), Tom Brown, went to a restaurant for dinner. He had a bag with him. The bag was made of fine leather and cost him a lot of money. He put his bag near the door, but he was afraid that someone would take it away. So he got out a pen and asked the waiter for a piece of paper. On the paper he wrote: “The great boxer, Tom Brown, put his bag here. He’ll come back in a few minutes.” Then he put the paper on his bag and went to have his dinner. Half an hour later, he came back. But his bag wasn’t there. He looked around but he couldn’t find his bag. There was only a piece of paper on the ground. It said: “A great runner went away with your bag, and he will not come back.”

1.Tom Brown went to the restaurant ________.

A. for his bag B. to see the runner C. to have his meal D. for his pen

2.Mr Brown was afraid ________.

A. to put down his bag near the door B. he couldn’t find his pen

C. someone would take his bag away D. he couldn’t eat well in the restaurant

3.Mr Brown wrote the words on the paper because he ________.

A. thought someone would take his bag away

B. was a boxer

C. wanted to catch the thief(贼)

D. wanted to get to know the runner

4.What do you know about his bag?

A. It was made of silk. B. There was something expensive in it.

C. It was quite expensive. D. Mr Brown got back his bag at last.

5.Which is not right?

A. Mr Brown was very clever. B. The runner was a thief.

C. Mr Brown didn’t know the runner. D. The runner played a trick on Mr Brown.

Robbie looks out of the window. It's still snowing heavily and there is ice on the window. It is another day. Robbie is told to do the cleaning. And he does it. The family are getting home. So after he turns the heat on, he begins to cook supper for the family. All of the housework is easy for Robbie, but a hard one for its master, Helen. Robbie really saves the family a lot of work.

Mr. Green is a fourth grade robot teacher. He never forgets details and he makes no mistakes. He even knows each child's pets and hobbies. He has his lessons in an orderly way, and he never feels tired. The children like Mr.Green very much. They feel happy and relaxed in his class. When they make a mistake, they don't feel upset.They have a lot of fun with a robot teacher.

ASIMO is a clever robot created by the Honda Motor Company. He is about 120 centimeters tall and looks like a kid in a spacesuit. Tiny computers are used to control the things ASIMO can do. He can shake hands with people, give and receive objects. He can walk and run forward or backward on two legs. Besides, he can also talk and understand many voice commands(指令). When something is in his way, he can change directions.

Robots are smart because they have computer brains. Some of them have explored other planets. These machines also do many jobs in factories and other places. For example, robots are used to make cars. People also use robots to do dangerous work such as exploring volcanoes(火山)or the ocean floor. Robots are also used to give directions in shopping centers and amusement parks.

Scientists keep finding more ways for robots to help us.

1.What's Robbie?   

A. A cook.

B. A teacher.

C. A cleaner.

D. A robot.

2.The underlined words "does it" mean    in the passage.

A. "looks out of the window"

B. "does the cleaning"

C. "turns the heat on"

D. "cooks for the family"

3.Which of the following is ASIM?   

A.  B.  C.  D.

4.According to the passage, what have robots been able to do so far?   

①Exploring other planets. ②Feeling upset when making mistakes.

③Walk and run on two legs. ④Talking and understanding voice commands.

⑤Exploring the ocean floor. ⑥Changing directions of amusement parks.

A. ①②③⑥

B. ②③④⑤

C. ③④⑤⑥

D. ①③④⑤

5.Which of the following is most likely to happen next?   

A. Robots will take over the world.

B. Robots will get tired of doing so much.

C. Many more uses will be found for robots.

D. Scientists are used to give directions in amusement parks.

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