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The idea that red means stop and green means go has influenced our lives in more ways than just traffic signals (信号). We have been taught from a young age that the color red means danger and green means it’s okay to move forward. But why were those colors chosen for traffic lights in the first place? For something we have to look at every day, why couldn’t they have been prettier colors?

Well, it’s important to know that before traffic lights for cars, there were traffic signals for trains. At first, railway companies used red to mean stop, white to mean go, and green to mean warn. As you could imagine, trains ran into a few problems with white meaning go. For example, one train mistook a bright star for a white light and something unexpected happened. Because of that, railway companies finally moved green meaning go and used yellow to mean warn. And it’s been that way ever since.

Red has always been a color that mean danger, long before cars were even around. This most likely started because it’s the color with the longest wavelength (波长) so it can be seen somewhere farther than other colors.

But, believe it or not, yellow was once used to mean stop. Back in the 1900s, some stop signs were yellow because it was too hard to see a red sign in a poorly lit area. Finally, highly reflective materials (高反射材料) were developed and red stop signs were born. Since yellow can be seen well at all times of the day, school zones, some traffic signs, and school buses continue to be printed yellow.

So next time you are impatiently waiting at a traffic light, don’t get so mad at them, they’ve certainly come a long way.

Answer the following question with no more than 8 words.

1.How many colours have been used for traffic signals since the very beginning?

2.What did one train mistake for a white light?

3.Did the colour yellow mean go at first?

4.Why does red mean danger?

5.When were stop signs yellow?

Each year, on the 15th day of the seventh month in the Chinese lunar calendar(农历), the Ghost Festival is celebrated in many parts of China. During this time, people will burn offerings(祭品) and prepare big meals to remember the _______ .

This holiday may seem strange and even scary to some people. But _______ holidays are seen all around the world. In the western world, people celebrate Halloween on Oct. 31st every year. In ancient Britain and Ireland, October 31st was the last day of the year. It was the end of the growing _______ and the beginning of winter, a time of darkness and death People believed that on this day ghosts _______ to the earth. In order to scare the ghosts away, people built huge fires and wore costumes made of animal skins.

Many of the original(最初的) Halloween traditions have developed today into funny activities for children. _______ popular one is "Trick or treat". On Halloween night, children dress up _______ costumes and go to their neighbors. When someone answers the door,the children cry out, "Trick or treat!" _______ this means is, "Give us a treat, _______ we'll play a trick on you!" The people at each house then give candy or fruit or sometimes _______ coins.

Holidays like these can help us to better understand death as a natural part of life. And it can ________ us to live our best lives.

1.A.old B.poor C.dead D.sick

2.A.same B.similar C.different D.funny

3.A.plants B.weather C.season D.rice

4.A.returned B.went C.had D.agreed

5.A.Most B.The most C.Best D.The best

6.A.in B.on C.at D.with

7.A.Where B.When C.Why D.What

8.A.or B.and C.also D.a little

9.A.few B.a few C.little D.a little

10.A.make B.give C.plan D.encourage

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