题目内容

In some science fiction movies, evil robots refuse to die, no matter how hard people fight back.

Now science fiction has become science fact. For the first time, scientists have made a robot that can take a beating and keep on going. Scientists from Cornell University made the robot, which looks like a spider with four legs.

Until now, even the most advanced (先进的) robot was almost certain to break down when it was damaged (毁坏). That is because its computer inside simply doesn’t know how to make the machine work after its shape has changed.

To deal with this problem, the scientists put eight motors (发动机) and two sensors (传感器) that read how the machine is working. They all give signals to the machine’s software. Using this information, the computer can then figure out the machine’s shape at any moment.

The new technology is a big advance in robot-making, scientists say, and it’s far from scary. It may someday help scientists create better artificial (假的) arms and legs and give new freedom to people who lose them. It might also help scientists understand how people and animals figure out their own sense of place in space.

“It has been difficult to design robots that can work well when the environment changes or when it’s damaged,” says Olaf Sporns of Indiana University in US. “With this work, we are nearer to solving this problem.”

1.Why do robots easily break down when they are damaged?

A．They cannot repair themselves.

B．The computer has changed a lot.

C．They have no computers inside.

D．The computer cannot work if the robot changes.

2.The new technology(技术) allows the robot to .

A．keep working after being damaged

B．tell people where it is

C．do house work for humans

D．remember a lot of information

3.The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 5 refers to .

A．sensors B．robots C．scientists D．arms and legs

4.How do the sensors in the robot work?

A．They can replace the computer when it’s broken.

B．They help the computer learn the robot’s condition.

C．They can find out where the damage comes from.

D．They can send signals to the person who uses the robot.

【答案】

1.D

2.A

3.D

4.B

【解析】

试题分析：这篇文章讲述了为了解决机器人一旦被损坏就不能工作的问题，科学家给机器人里面放了八个发动机和两个传感器，这个新的技术还能帮助科学家给人们创造出更好的假肢。

1.细节题。根据文章That is because its computer inside simply doesn’t know how to make the machine work after its shape has changed. 可知，当机器人被毁坏了就很容易发生故障，是因为如果机器人改变了，电脑就不能工作了。故选D

2.细节题。根据文章To deal with this problem, the scientists put eight motors (发动机) and two sensors (传感器) that read how the machine is working.可知，新的技术就是解决了机器人被损害时不能工作的这个问题。故选A

3.推断题。根据文章It may someday help scientists create better artificial (假的) arms and legs and give new freedom to people who lose them.机器人有一天能够帮助科学家发明出更好的假肢，帮助那些失去了胳膊和腿的人重新获得自由。可知，them的意思是arms and legs。故选D

4.细节题。根据文章第三段可知，传感器能够帮助电脑了解机器人的情况。故选B

考点：科普类说明文

点评：本文的文章短小精炼，对于此类文章首先必须对每句话都要认真地阅读理解。初中的阅读绝大多数是细节题，考察学生信息的把握能力。对于细节题，学生在理解全文的基础上要对题目中关键字在文章中迅速定位，找到相对应的出处，再仔细对比找出答案。

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I love it at night. It’s peaceful. And when it cools down I sometimes do some ironing. I don’t really care for it. I work full-time and I am too busy for most housework. I remember the old woman who taught me to iron. I was about 15 and I had to get a job taking care of a woman to make a living. She had been an able-bodied, healthy woman until the accident that caused her to be paralyzed.
The woman sat in an electric wheelchair all day. She could only move her head and arms. She would tell me how to do things. She would teach me in great detail on the correct ways to do things. Her home was perfect and beautiful. She would follow me around in her electric wheelchair to make sure I did everything exactly right. I’m sure she had been a perfect homemaker. She would have me fold(折叠) everything, including socks. I would complain silently and wish terrible things on her. She taught me the right way to make the bed. I know sometimes she’d get frustrated(沮丧) and impatient with me. I knew she wanted to do it herself. But she never shouted or scolded. She only insisted I do it right. I didn’t like it much, but I did it.
Today I can iron pretty well. I know where to start on a shirt and the right way to do the trousers. Now when I think about it, I don’t think she is an old lady. I think she might have been about my age now. Anyway, when I iron, I think of her and silently thank her for all the things I learned.
【小题1】The writer used to take care of the lady because ________.

A．she wanted to learn to do housework

B．she was a friend of the lady’s

C．she had to earn some money

D．she couldn’t find a room to live in

【小题2】The underlined word ‘paralyzed’ in the first paragraph may mean ‘______’.

【小题3】The little girl was ______ when the lady taught her how to do housework.

A．encouraged to learn	B．unwilling to learn
C．delighted to learn	D．recommended to learn

【小题4】Now the writer ______.

A．is still afraid of the lady	B．hates the strict lady
C．admires the disabled lady	D．is very grateful to the lady

Hello, I'm Tom. I'm a middle school student. It's nice to meet you here. First, let me tell you 46 about my family. There are five people in my 47 .They are my mother, my father, my sister, my brother and I.
My father is a worker. My mother is an English teacher. My sister is eighteen and my brother is sixteen. I'm fourteen. We 48 go to the same school. We all enjoy 49 football games.
My 50 is in West Street. There is a big tree and some small trees around my house. The big one is a pear tree and the small ones are apple 51 . 52 there 53 any pears or apples on them now. 54 a photo of my house. In the photo, you can see three cats in my house. They are all black and white. We 55 them very much.

One day, a boy found the cocoon(茧) of a butterfly and brought it home. A few days later, the boy saw a small   36  in the cocoon. He sat and watched for several hours as a butterfly struggled to make   37  body through that little hole. Suddenly it stopped. So the boy   38  to help the butterfly, thinking the butterfly might be   39 .He took a pair of scissors and cut the hole   40 .The butterfly came out of the cocoon but it   41 a little different. It had a weak body and small, thin   42 .The butterfly didn’t start to fly. In fact, the butterfly spent the rest of its life crawling(爬行) around with a weak body and thin wings. It was never able to fly.
The boy acted with   43  but he didn’t understand why it could be like this. When a butterfly crawls out of the cocoon, it must struggle. The hard work of   44  out of the cocoon makes the fluid(液体) from the butterfly’s body into its wings. It helps the butterfly be   45  to fly. If the butterfly never has to squeeze(挤压) itself out of the cocoon, its wings will never get the fluid and it can never fly.
46   struggles are what we need in our lives. If we lived our lives without any problems, we would never learn or grow. We would not be 47   we could have been and we would never fly.
In our lives, pain and suffering is the key to all windows, and sometimes even  48   growth, without it , there’s no way of life. We can’t avoid   49 or problems. So, next time you are   50 a problem or difficulty, remember the butterfly. Struggle a little—then fly!

I didn’t think I had a passion(激情). I would sit in front of the TV all day, thinking about nothing but the next show. It was not long ago that I first learned how important having a passion is to life.
That day I went with my mum to drive my sister to the gym. I was bored. Then, as my mum stopped at a red light, someone on the side of the road caught my eye（吸引我的世界）. It was a man dressed in rags (衣衫褴褛). He was homeless. That didn’t interest me, for I had seen many like him before.
But in some ways he was different. This man was not sitting down with a sad expression(表情). He had a radio in his hand and was dancing happily to the music. The radio seemed to be the most precious(珍贵)thing he had.
“Mum, why does that man have a radio even thought（尽管） he’s homeless?” I asked.
“He bought it,” she replied. I was still unable to understand.
“But if he’s homeless, why doesn’t he use the money to buy food or clothes? He wasted it on something he doesn’t need.”
“Well, Sarah, sometimes food and clothes aren’t the most important things. We need happiness, too.”
The man must care too much about music to buy a radio instead of food clothes. I soon realized（意识到）that happiness is the key to life. Without it, there’s nothing to look forward to.
Since then I’ve never gone a day without thinking of what’s truly important. A home, a meal, clothes—these things are only part of the picture. What’s often forgotten is that we all need a pleasure, a light in a dark day. We all need a passion

1.
How would Sarah spend her days long ago?
1. A.
  She watched TV all day
2. B.
  She used to read a lot
3. C.
  She did nothing but thinking
4. D.
  She was always sleeping
2.
Who caught Sarah’s eye when her mum stopped the car at a red light?
1. A.
  A man dressed in rags
2. B.
  A man dressed in new clothes
3. C.
  A man sitting down with a sad expression
4. D.
  A man singing happily to the music
3.
Why was the man different?
1. A.
  He wore new clothes
2. B.
  He was sitting with a sad expression
3. C.
  He was homeless.[来源:Z。xx。k.Com]
4. D.
  He lived an active life though he was very poor
4.
What did Sarah do after she understood the fact?
1. A.
  She thought all day without doing anything
2. B.
  She bought a radio just like the man’s
3. C.
  She had a passion with everything from then on
4. D.
  She always danced to the music on the radio
5.
What can we learn from the passage?
1. A.
  Sometimes food and clothes are the most important things in our life
2. B.
  Happiness is the key to life and it is what we are looking forward to
3. C.
  Music is more important than food or clothes
4. D.
  Money is the most important thing for a person

How would Sarah spend her days long ago?

Who caught Sarah’s eye when her mum stopped the car at a red light?

Why was the man different?

What did Sarah do after she understood the fact?

What can we learn from the passage?

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