Chatting online is now a national pastime in China, especially among the post-90s generation. To some people, however, online chats can seem like a kind of polite conversation. Yet hidden rules and standards do exist, as long as you take the time to look for them.

Get to the Point.

When sending a friend request, include your real name and any other identifying information. Remember, everybody's time is precious. If there's something you want, cut right to the chase. Never send an "are you there?" without any follow-up messages. The quicker that you get to the point, the more likely the other person is to reply.

Send the Right Things.

Please send texts, not voice messages. It might be easier for you to speak than type, but what about the person on the other end? They may be unable to listen to a 59-second message right now. Also, never send personal information by voice message — it is hard to note down. Emojis, GIFs and memes can save the day when you find yourself in an embarrassing conversation, or words fail you.

Try to Understand.

You can always judge a person's mood by their text messages. If the person you're talking to says "good night" or "I'm going to take a shower" that's probably not what they're actually going to do, it is just an excuse to stop talking to you. If someone hesitates for longer than three seconds before saying "yes", they probably really mean "no". If you receive these emojis from friends who are older, read them literally(字面意思) (as a smile, a wave or a laugh).

For the post-90s generation, however, they could be speechlessness.

1.What can you do if there’s something you want when you’re chatting online according to the passage?

A. Send an "are you there?" without any follow-up messages.

B. Send a friend request without any other identifying information.

C. Send it directly without any other useless messages.

D. Send your real name without any follow-up messages.

2.The underlined word "it" in Paragraph 3 refers to"_________".

A. personal information B. voice message

C. Emojis D. GIFs

3.Who will send you a wave to say Goodbye according to the passage?

A. the post-80s generation B. the post-90s generation

C. the post-2000s generation D. the post-2010s generation

4.What is the passage mainly about?

A. How to get to the point when you’re chatting online.

B. Different good ways of sending the right thing.

C. Hidden rules and standards in chatting online.

D. How to understand others through the messages.

5.What is the writer's opinion about chatting online?

A. Your text messages on the phone will show what you're feeling.

B. Using too many emojis while chatting will annoy others.

C. Voice messages make it easier for others to understand you.

In the 6th century BC, there was a war between the Romans and the Etruscans(伊特拉斯坎人) who lived north of Rome. The Etruscans raised a great army and marched toward Rome. At that time, Rome was just a small town, and the Romans did not have enough fighting men to protect their people.

One morning, thousands of Etruscan horsemen and footmen were seen marching straight toward the wooden bridge over the Tiber River. Rome was in immediate danger!

Among the guards at the bridge was a brave man named Horatius. He ordered the soldiers to cut down the bridge. At the same time, he took two soldiers with him to the far side of it. There, the three brave men kept the enemy from taking the bridge.

The soldiers tried to destroy the bridge as quickly as they could, and soon it was ready to fall. Some of them ran across to call the three men back.

Horatius yelled at the two others to cross first. At that moment the bridge fell with a great crash. Horatius fought the Etruscans by himself, and a dart(标枪) entered his left eye. In great pain, he turned and jumped into the river.

Horatius sank into the deep water but soon came out of the water, halfway across the river. He was greeted with shouts of joy, for he had saved the town. He gained a new name, Horatius Cocles, meaning the "one-eyed Horatius" and is remembered as one of Rome’s greatest heroes.

1.From the first paragraph we learn that Rome ________.

A. did not have many brave soldiers

B. was not large and strong then

C. was under the control of the Etruscans

D. had sent most of its army away.

2.To save the city of Rome, Horatius planned________.

A. To burn the road to Rome.

B. To drive the enemy into the river.

C. To cut down the bridge.

D. To kill the enemy horsemen first.

3.After the two soldiers came back,________.

A. The bridge fell into the water.

B. Horatius was killed by a horseman.

C. The Etruscans won the battle.

D. Horatius defeated the Etruscans by himself.

4.Horatius was renamed "Horatius Cocles" because ________.

A. he was the wisest man in Rome

B. he had saved the town of Rome

C. he had shown great courage against the enemy

D. his left eye had been hurt in the battle

5.Which of the following words could NOT necessarily be used to describe Horatius?

A. Fearless. B. Honest. C. Selfless. D. Bright.

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