题目内容

Answer the questions(根据短文内容回答下列问题)
Your Nose is Busy and Important
Your nose has many important jobs, and is always busy.
Smelling
Smelling helps you gather information about the world around you. A good scent (气体),like flowers, brings you pleasure. A bad scent, like smoke or sour milk, warns you of danger. Most things around you release scent particles (微粒) into the air. These invisible chemicals enter the nose when you breathe. Nerves in the nose send information to the brain to identify a smell. You are able to recognize thousands of smells.
Breathing
Most of the air you breathe enters through your nose. The nose uses hair and mucus (粘液) to clean dust and germs (细菌) out of the air. The air that enters your nose contains oxygen. Your body uses oxygen to unlock the energy in the food you eat.  Even when you sleep, your body needs energy to keep your heart beating and your brain working.
Tasting
Your nose helps you enjoy food. Flavor is a mixture of taste and smell. The smell of the food helps you identify what you are eating. The sense of smell contributes more to (贡献) food flavor than the sense of taste .When you are sick and have a stuffy nose, your food doesn’t taste as good because without smell, food loses most of its flavor.
Smell memory
Smells can bring back memories. Your brain uses a process to create a picture in your mind from the odors(气味)you smell. Smells can affect your feelings because the part of the brain that helps you identify smells is close to the area that affects your emotions, mood and memory. More smell memories are collected as you get older.
Your nose has many important jobs, and is more than just a smeller!
小题1:How many important jobs does a nose do according to the passage? What are they?
小题2:Smelling helps you recognize thousands of smells, doesn’t it?
小题3:What does the nose use to clean dust and germs out of air?
小题4:What happens to your food if you are sick and have a stuffy nose?
小题5:How do smells bring back memories?
小题6:What do you think of your nose? Why do you think so?

小题1:Four. They are smelling, breathing, tasting and smell memory.
小题2:Yes, it does.
小题3:Hair and mucus.
小题4:It won’t taste as good.
小题5:By using a process to create a picture in your mind from the odors you smell.
小题6:It is very useful. Because it has many important jobs. Any reasonable answer is ok.

小题1:根据每段的小标题可知是Four. They are smelling, breathing, tasting and smell memory.
小题2:从第二段的Nerves in the nose send information to the brain to identify a smell. You are able to recognize thousands of smells.可知是Yes, it does.
小题3:从第三段的The nose uses hair and mucus (粘液) to clean dust and germs (细菌) out of the air.可知答案是Hair and mucus.
小题4:从第四段的when you are sick and have a stuffy nose, your food doesn’t taste as good because without smell, food loses most of its flavor.可知答案It won’t taste as good.
小题5:从第五段的Your brain uses a process to create a picture in your mind from the odors(气味)you smell.可知答案是:By using a process to create a picture in your mind from the odors you smell.
小题6:从最后一段的句子Your nose has many important jobs, and is more than just a smeller!看出It is very useful. Because it has many important jobs. Any reasonable answer is ok.
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Photography is about taking photographs. In 1826, a Frenchman named Niepce needed pictures for his business. But he was not a good artist. So he invented a very simple camera. He put it in a window of his house and took a picture of his garden. That was the first photograph.
The next important date in the history of photograph was 1837. That year, Daguerre, another Frenchman, took a picture of his studio. He used a new kind of camera and a different process. In his pictures, you could see everything very clearly, even the smallest details. This kind of photograph was called a daguerreotype.
Soon, other people began to use Daguerre’s process. Travelers brought back daguerreotypes from all around the world. People photographed famous buildings, cities and mountains.
In about 1840, the process was improved. The photographers could take pictures of people and moving things. The process was not simple. The photographers had to carry lots of films and processing equipment(设备). But this did not stop the photographers, especially in the United States.
Mathew Brady was a well-known American photographer. He took many pictures of famous people. The pictures were unusual because they were very life-like and full of personality. Brady was also the first person to take pictures of war. His 1862 Civil War pictures showed dead soldiers and destroyed cities. They made the war seem more real and more terrible.
In the 1880s, new inventions began to change photograph. Photographers could buy films readymade in rolls(卷). So they did not have to make the film themselves. Also, they did not have to process(冲洗) the film at once. They could bring it back to their studios and develop it later. They did not have to carry lots of equipment. And finally, the invention of the small hand-held camera made photography less expensive.
Photography is also a form of art. Some photographs were not just copies of the real world. They showed ideas and feelings, like other art forms.
Title: The    1  of Photography
Photography doesn’t only mean taking photographs; it is also a form of art. Photographs showed not only the real world, but also the ideas and feelings.
In 1826
A Frenchman named Niepce invented a very simple camera and the first photograph was    2  by him.
In 1837
Another Frenchman Daguerre invented a kind of photograph called    daguerreotype. People could see    3    things in the pictures.
In 1840
The photographers could take pictures of people and moving things
with lots of films and processing equipment.
In 1862
An American photographer Brady took many pictures of real and  4   things in the war. He was the first person to take war pictures.
In the 1880s
There were films readymade in rolls(卷). Photographers did not have to carry lots of equipment any more. The invention of the small  hand-held camera made photography  5 .


There are about 80.000.000 mines under the ground in more than 60 countries. It is difficult and dangerous to clear these mines.About 50 people including many children were killed or hurt each day.In 2003,APOPO,a Duch research company that trains the animals,came up with the idea of using rats to search for the mines.
The animal trainers found that a kind of rats from Africa were clever and had a sharp sense of smell.The rats were about 75 cm long and weighted about 1.35 kg.light enough to run across a minefield without setting off the mines.
In January 2004,the  APOPO startec this preject.First ,the trainers let the 4-week-old baby rats get familier with humans. A few weeks later,the rats were no longer afraid of people and the things around them.Then they were trained to connect a click sound with food.After the rats had learned that ,the trainers then taught them to tell the different between the smell of mines and other smells.When the rats could do it,the click was sounded and they were given a bit of bananas.The method was called clicker training.“The training isn’t easy.”said the trainer Adulish Mebomvu.“You have to be patient.Sometimes I get angry,but then again.I tell myself these are animals.”
After nine months’ training,the rats were taken to 4 minefield. They ran across the minefield ,stopped, sat and searched the ground to tell the deminers that they smelt out a mine. Then the mine was cleared.It had taken two deminers a day to clear a 200 m2 minefield. But with the help of two rats they could finish it in two hours.
The rats and the deminers saved thousands of lives.“The rats did this job much better than we expected.So far they have helpde to make almost 2.000.000 m2 of land safe.They are heroes.”said Bart Woetjcds.the head of the APOPO.
小题1:The APOPO trained the rats to search for__.
A.childrenB.animalsC.mineaD.bananas
小题2:While training the rats,the trainers have to be __.
A.patientB.cleverC.braveD.serious
小题3:How long did the training last?
A.Two hoursB.One dayC.Four weeksD.Nine month
小题4:Which of the following is NOT TRUE acorrding to the passage?
A.Each day about 200 people were killed or hurt by minea
B.The APOPO started to train the rats is January 2004.
C.The trainers gave the rats food after they smelt out a mine .
D.The rats and the deminres saved thousands of livers.

Fun Facts about animals
●After killing an animal, a cheetah waits half an hour to catch its breath.
●The biggest horses are the Shire horses. The tallest on record is 198cms from shoulder to leg.
●The only mammal that can fly is the bat. Bat’s wings are overgrown hands.
●Gorillas are actually very gentle animals although they have bad reputation (声誉).
●Gorillas build nests in tree tops to sleep in.
●The rhino has the thickest skin of any animal. Its skin is 2cms thick and covers their body like armor.
●An elephant’s trunk has no bones in it, only 100,000 muscles!!!
●Elephant babies take 22 months to develop inside their mothers before they are born.
●A kitten is born blind and helpless and stays close to its mother for protection. In just nine weeks, it can grow big enough to leave its mother and look after itself.
●A camel’s hump is actually used to store food. It is made of extra (多余的) fat.
●They have long legs to keep them as far away from the ground as possible
● Bears usually walk on 4 legs, but when they are frightened, they stand up and walk on two legs to make themselves appear bigger.
小题1:After a cheetah kills an animal, it         .
A.waits thirty minutes to catch its breath
B.waits half an hour for the animal to catch its breath
C.eats the food immediately
D.doesn’t eat the food until its friend comes.
小题2:It takes      22 months to develop inside their mothers before they are born.
A.Baby gorillasB.Baby bears
C.KittensD.Baby elephants
小题3:Which statement is NOT true according to the reading material?
A.The tallest Shire horse on record is 198cms from shoulder to leg.
B.Bat’s wings are overgrown legs.
C.The rhino’s skin is 2cms thick and covers their body like armor.
D.The camel has long legs to keep them cool in the desert.
Three kids have been learning chemistry for only a few months. But they have already begun to challenge (挑战) a world famous scientist!
Li Weichi, Huang Runling, and Xiao Yan are from Zhongshan Huaqiao Middle School in Guangdong. They have just found a red cabbage that could be a new kind of acid-base indicator (酸碱指示剂). They want it to take the place of litmus (石蕊) paper.
"We’ve learnt to think of and ask questions about life by ourselves," said Li, "We work well with each other."
British scientist Robert Boyle discovered the use of litmus paper over 300 years ago. Now it is used widely in experiments all over the world.
But when the kids did some experiments in class last winter, they saw that the litmus paper didn’t turn very blue with base matter. It’s hard to get a clear result.
Will there be a better indicator than litmus paper? The three kids decided to try and find out!
How? They went to collect over 40 plants in parks, gardens and markets. Then they ground (研磨) leaves, flowers and stems (茎) to get the pigments (色素) from them.
The kids mixed pigments with acid and base. They spent months watching carefully to see which paper showed the best colour change. They decided it was the litmus paper!
"It’s our first scientific journey, Huang said, "But it makes me want to try harder."
小题1: Whom did the three kids want to challenge?
A.Their chemistry teacher.B.Their headmaster.
C.Robert BoyleD.Thomas Edison
小题2: From the text, a red cabbage is a kind of ____.
A.plantB.animalC.paperD.liquid
小题3:What is widely used as the acid-base indicator now?
A.red cabbageB.litmus paper
C.any plantD.any flower
小题4:The story mainly tells us ____.
A.how to make litmus paperB.about the three kids’ spirit
C.scientists were wrongD.the kids are heroes
A student newspaper reports that most students go to sleep at 1:30 am. Even if that’s an overstatement (夸张), it’s close to the truth. Scientists say teens should sleep nine hours each night. But that’s hard. Some are even “pulling all-nighters” (开夜车). These students must hand in their homework the next day but they haven’t done it. In the morning they don’t look healthy and you can tell who’s been doing it. One of my classmates did a survey on the topic. She found that most kids pull all-nighters to finish homework, but some do it for other reasons, such as playing computer games!
Maybe our lack(缺乏) of sleep is because of laziness — I think I’m a rather lazy student — or maybe it’s because we have too much to do in American high schools. I usually go to bed around midnight. If I stayed up past 1:30 am, I wouldn’t get any work done. I’d be falling asleep at my computer. My classes begin at 7:30 am. I’m partly awake in my first class. By the second, I’m a little sleepy. By my third class, I’m sleepy. By midday I’m finally fully awake. But by 3:00 pm, I’m slowing down again. Yet I get more sleep than usual students.
Most American high schools seem to have a similar(相似的) problem with sleepy students. High school classes start at 7:30 am, so students have to get up one and a half hours before that to get ready and catch the bus. It’s believed that lack of sleep can be bad for both grades and health. Some schools are paying attention. Classes in those schools start at 8:30 am.
小题1:What does the underlined sentence “it’s close to the truth” mean?
A.It doesn’t tell the truth. B.It is quite true.
C.It is impossible.D.I don’t think it’s right.
小题2:Why do most of the teens have to stay up late?
A.They play computer games.B.They watch videos late.
C.They have to do a lot of housework.D.They have to do a lot of homework.
小题3:When do students in most American high schools have to get up?
A.At 7:30 am.B.At 6:00 am.C.At 9:00 am.D.At about 7:00 am.
小题4:Which of the following is TRUE according to the reading?
A.The writer usually stays up past 1:30 am.
B.The writer usually goes to bed around midnight.
C.The writer usually does a survey.
D.Many American students don’t get enough sleep, so they can have high grades.
小题5:What’s the main idea of the passage?
A.Something has to be done to solve the problem of students’ lack of sleep.
B.Many American high school students are sleepy in class.
C.Many kids have too much homework to do.
D.Students can’t play computer games.

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