(2018·山东临沂)What was discovered by accident? The answer is penicillin (青霉素). It kills germs. By killing germs, it saves lives. Suppose you are sick. You go to a doctor. She examines you. She says you have a “staph” infection (葡萄球菌感染). She gives you some medicine. You take it. The medicine knocks out the staph. Soon you are well. Before penicillin, this would not happen. Staph was almost sure death.

Everyone wanted a medicine. Laboratories worked day and night. They grew the staph in small dishes. Then they tried to kill it. Nothing worked.

The laboratory dishes had covers on them. They kept things from falling into dishes. Molds (霉菌) were a big worry. They are always in the air. You can’t see them. They’re too small. There are thousands of different molds. Molds can make an experiment (实验) fail. That’s why dishes are covered.

Dr. Alexander Fleming was working to kill the staph germ. He worked for years. One day he took a cover off a dish. He looked inside. There was a thick growth of staph germ. There was also some mold. Then he saw something strange. Where the mold was, there was no growth of staph. This is what Fleming probably thought. “By accident, I found a mold to kill the dreaded staph.”

This is how penicillin was found. But here’s the real miracle (奇迹). There are thousands of kinds of molds. But only one kind can kill staph. The mold must have fallen into the dish a few days before. The cover was probably off only a few seconds (秒). In those few seconds the right mold fell into the right dish. Another man might have thrown the dish away. But Fleming was very careful and smart. He understood what the mold did. How lucky the humans were!

根据短文内容,选择最佳答案

1.During the experiments to find a medicine for staph infections, ________.

A. the dishes were not covered

B. staph and mold were put together

C. mold was kept in small dishes

D. staph was grown in small dishes

2.The word “ dreaded” means “_______”.

A. famous B. scary

C. health D. endangered

3.The last paragraph suggests that _______.

A. accidents happen to everyone

B. the careful person does not have accidents

C. the careless person will miss valuable chances

D. luck is enough when doing scientific experiments

4.Most of this passage is written by ______.

A. telling an unusual story B. showing the results of experiments

C. offering some reasons D. giving some advice

5.This passage is mainly about ______.

A. medicine for a staph infection B. useful accidents

C. Dr. Fleming’s research D. discovering penicillin

Today more and more people want to live in big cities, but what can be done to help them live in crowded cities like Tokyo? Many architects( 建 筑 师 ) are looking for ways to solve this problem. 25-year-old Haseef Rafiei has caught the world’s attention because of his special skyscraper concept(摩天大楼概 念)—“Pod Vending Machine” skyscraper.

Haseef comes from Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. He is now a student of Manchester School of Architecture. He got his idea form a trip to Japan. He noticed vending machines are popular in Japan. He said, “Vending machines make buying easy and interesting.” After seeing vending machines have made such a difference to people’s lives, Haseef thought, “Why not build skyscrapers that act the same way?”

Haseef’s “Pod Vending Machine” skyscraper can act as a home vending machine. If people want to buy houses in the skyscraper, they can choose the types of pods(吊舱) they’d like to live in and what the inside of the pods looks like. Then the large 3D printer at the top of skyscraper can get the pods printed and then cranes ( 起 重 机 ) can get the pods placed. A smart system inside the skyscraper decides the best place for every pod. If a person doesn’t want to live in his pod any more, the pod will be returned to the 3D printer to get recycled. How amazing it is!

1.判断正误(“T”表示正确,“F”表示错误);

A 3D printer at the top of the “Pod Vending Machine”skyscraper can help people print the pods they choose.

2.完成句子

Haseef said that vending machines________.

3.简略回答问题: Why has Haseef Rafiei caught the world’s attention?

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4.找出并写下第三段的主题句;

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5.将文中画线句子译成汉语。

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