New York City is a very large city with 8 million people. How do so many people move on their way to work and school?In New York you can travel by subways, bus, taxi and private car. The subway runs o 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

Here are some facts about homes in the United States and the people who live in them. In the early 1990s, about 50% of the Americans owned their homes and the rest rented(租) their homes. The rented homes were usually apartments(公寓).
74% of the people in the US make their homes in or around cities. 26% live in the country. Dogs live in about 40% of all homes in the US. About half that number have cats.
Families in the US are becoming smaller. On the average(平均), 2.64 people lived at home in the early 1990s. In the1960s, the average was 3.5.
Half of the teenagers in the US have their own bedrooms.
An American moves, on the average, twelve times in his or her life. In Japan a person moves about five times, and in England a person moves eight times.
【小题1】Most Americans live ________, according to the passage.

A．All of the people	B．Most of the children
C．Half of the teenagers	D．Only some of the teenagers

【小题5】What can we learn from the passage?

A．In the early 1990s, most of the Americans owned their homes.

B．Families in the US are becoming bigger and bigger.

C．A Japanese moves more often than an American.

D．An American moves more often than an Englishman.

How often do you use your car? Can you use your car less often? Do you know the following facts in the UK?
·About 50% of all car journeys are just for fun.
·Over 80% people go to work by car.
·25% car journeys are under two miles.
·70% car journeys are under five miles.
WALKING & CYCLING

Instead of using the car for short journeys, why not walk or ride a bicycle? Walking is the most popular form of exercise—it’s healthy and it can save money. If you work nearby, try walking or cycling instead of driving. Walking your children to school gives them valuable road experience.
BUSES

Bus companies are using new buses: some run on new fuelswhich produce less pollution; some have easier access（通路）for disabled and old people. There are special traffic lanes (行车道)to make bus journeys easier. So do something to help solve the pollution problem----let the bus take you to work and your children to school.
TRAINS

All car journeys, long or short, can be hard work. For some trips, it is wiser to take the train. Leave your car at home and walk, cycle or take a bus to and from the station. Train travel is fast, safe and comfortable. Train tickets are not always expensive.
【小题1】How many of car journeys are just for fun in the UK?

A．25%.	B．About 50%.
C．70%.	D．Over 80%.

【小题2】The writer believes that _____________________ can give children valuable road experience.

A．walking to school	B．traveling by train
C．taking new fuel buses	D．having car journeys for fun

【小题3】What does the writer think of traveling by train?

A．Tiring.	B．Exciting.
C．Terrible.	D．Comfortable.

On the bus, on the subway, every head is lowered to a cell phone, iPad, or other digital device. But does this mean more and more people are getting into reading the digital way?
According to the National Reading Survey, before the 17^th World Reading Day on April 23, only 1.2 percent of Chinese people said they read a lot. But 38.6 percent said they read on digital devices like cell phone and e-books. This is a 17.7 percent increase from 2010.
Many experts are talking about a trend toward fragmented reading ––reading many short messages or items on a digital device like a cell phone instead of one long text in a book.
Zhao jianmin, a professor at Shanghai University, said fragmented reading was part of modern life. “The fast pace of life leaves many people no time to sit and read a whole book,” he said. “So making use of fragmented time to read is sure to be a trend”
Fragmented reading has its advantages. People can enjoy large amounts of information, knowledge and entertainment in a short time. Digital reading is faster than traditional deep reading.
However, some experts fear the trend of digital reading will lead people to read in a simple way. Xu Guosheng, at a Chinese Academy of Press and Publication, says fragmented reading makes it harder for people to think more about what they read. He also warned fragmented reading could make people lazy about remembering facts because they know they can always just search for answers online.
“Fragmented reading is sometimes good, but don’t let it take all your time,” suggested Tian Zhilng, an editor. He said it was important to read quality books in a deeper way, and we should read for knowledge, for practical use and for pleasure. He suggested people choose easy books first, then move onto more difficult ones.
【小题1】 How many disadvantages of fragmented reading have been mentioned?

【小题2】 How does Tian Zhiling think about people should read?

A．They should spend more time reading on digital device.

B．They should spend days reading whole novels at a time.

C．They should read both on digital devices and quality books.

D．They should read a fun way instead of a traditional way.

【小题3】 The underlined word “pace” means _________ in Chinese.

【小题4】What can we learn from the article?

A．Chinese people read in a simple way these days.

B．Students should read more to get high marks.

C．Reading on a digital device is harmful to health.

D．People’s reading habits are changing.

【小题5】What is the main idea of the article?

A．The results of a national reading survey.

B．An explanation of a new trend in reading.

C．The advice on how to read the digital way.

D．A call to return to traditional deep reading.

Do you know there are two kinds of football games? One is American football (橄榄球), and the other is soccer（足球）.In China many young men like playing soccer. It is very popular. But the Chinese don’t call it soccer. They call it football. There are eleven players in each team. And the ball is round. Only the goalkeeper(守门员) can touch the ball with his hands. The other players can’t touch the ball with their hands.
In America, soccer is not very popular. They like playing American football. It is very different. The ball is not round. It is like a big egg. There are also eleven players in each team. All the players can touch the ball with both feet and hands.
【小题1】Do the Chinese like playing soccer?

【小题2】How many players are there in a soccer team?

【小题3】 What do the American people like very much?

A．Touching the ball with hands.	B．Playing soccer.
C．Watching TV.	D．Playing American football.

Most American families like to have a vacation in summer. Summer is a good season for vacation. It is often hot in July and August.
Children do not go to school in those two months. Some people like to stay at home, read books, or watch TV. Many families take their lunch to eat at a place with many trees or a nice lake. Some people have enough time and money to travel to other countries like France, Japan and Australia. They usually fly to these countries. Many families travel by car or train to see interesting places in their own countries. Their favorite cities are New York, Chicago, Miami, San Francisco and Los Angeles.
Not everyone likes to go to busy cities. Some families travel to mountains or beautiful valleys.
【小题1】_____ is a good season for vacation.

【小题2】Some people like to stay at home during their vacation. They don’t _____.

A．read books	B．visit their friends
C．watch TV	D．go to work

【小题3】Many families like to have their lunch _____ during their vacation.

A．in the office	B．near a cinema
C．near a big factory	D．near a nice lake

【小题4】If you have _____, you can travel to other countries.

A．money and friends	B．friends and time
C．money and time	D．food

【小题5】Which of the following is “芝加哥”?

When I crossed a small road on my first day in Kolkata, I was surprised because I heard a bell-not a horn (喇叭). It was a tiny man pulling a rickshaw(人力黄包车).He stopped and picked up two children from the front door of their house and pulled them to school. For many people, the rickshaw in Kolkata has many advantages. When the traffic is bad, rickshaws find a way through the traffic. If your miss your bus and there aren't any taxis, you can always find a rickshaw in Kolkata. Rickshaws are from your house to the market and waits for you. Then he loads (装载)all your things, drops you off outside your home and helps you unload. No other type of public transport offers this kind of service.
From June to September, Kolkata gets heavy rain. Sometimes it rains for 48 hours without a break. In some parts of the city, the roads flood (水淹), and anything with an engine(发动机) is useless. But the rickshaw drivers never stop working, even with water all around them.
But not everyone thinks rickshaws are a good thing. The local government want to ban rickshaws. They believe it is wrong for one man to pull another person when there is modern transport in the city. However, there is a problemwith this plan. Many of the rickshaw drivers come from the countryside. The only job they can find in Kolkata is pulling a rickshaw. If the city bans rickshaws, these men won't have a job. So for the moment, the people of Kolkata still go by rickshaw.
【小题1】What is the main idea of Paragraph 1?

A．The rickshaw drivers carry things for local people in Kolkata.

B．Parents need rickshaws for taking children to school in Kolkata.

C．Rickshaws can find a way through the bad traffic in Kolkata.

D．Rickshaws are very useful for the people's daily life in Kolkata.

【小题2】Which type of transport may you take when the roads flood in Kolkata?

【小题3】What does the underlined word "ban" mean?

【小题4】What can we learn from the passage?

A．The rickshaws in Kolkata have loud horns.

B．The rickshaw is still a part of public transport in Kolkata.

C．The local government offer many other jobs to the rickshaw driven.

D．The people in Kolkata are supposed to take rickshaws instead of cars.

Many of us feel uneasy when someone stands too close to us, talks to us too loudly or makes eye contact(接触) with us for too long. But have you ever wondered why those things make you uncomfortable?
It’s all about personal peace, which means not only an imaginary space around the body, but also the space around all the senses. People feel that their space is being violated(侵犯) when they meet with an unwelcome sound, smell or look. This is probably why a man on a crowded bus shouting into his mobile phone or a woman next to you putting on strong perfume(香水) makes you feel angry.
Whether people have had a stronger wish to protect their personal space in recent times is hard to say. Yet studies of airlines show that people have a strong desire(渴望) to have space to themselves. In a survey by TripAdvisor, a travel website, people said that if they had to pay more for some extra service, they would rather have larger seats than extra food.
Although people may need their personal space, some hardly realize it. For example, people on a bus who hold newspapers in front of their faces to read in fact keep a distance from strangers.
Go and watch a library table. You will notice that one of the corner seats will usually be taken first, because they are the farthest way. What if someone sits opposite to you? Maybe you will pile up books as if to make a wall.
Preference(偏好) for personal space are different from culture to culture. Scientists have found that Americans generally prefer more personal space than people from other cultures. In Latin(拉丁人的) cultures, however, people are more comfortable standing close to each other.
【小题1】The writer mainly _________ in this article.

A．tells us how to achieve personal space

B．explains why people need personal space

C．introduces some knowledge about personal space

D．argues for the importance of keeping personal space

【小题2】Who might feel his personal space is safe according to the passage?

A．A person who has to sit next to a lady putting on strong perfume.

B．A person who has been watched by a stranger for a long time.

C．A person who hears strange noises when reading at home.

D．A Latin boy who is chatting with a friend sitting close to him.

【小题3】What can we know from the survey by TripAdvisor?

A．People need a smaller personal space in recent times than before.

B．People have a strong desire for personal space in recent times.

C．There are not enough seats on the plane to meet people’s needs.

D．Food service is better provided than seats on the plane.

【小题4】Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A．The space around the body is more needed than that around all the senses.

B．If you hold newspapers on the bus, your personal space won’t be violated.

C．People usually choose the corner seats first in a library for personal space.

D．Different cultures share the same preferences for personal space.

A 2-year-od boy is being described as a hero after using Face Time to save his mother after she was badly hurt.
According to a report from KGUN, Laura was trying to stop a fight between two dogs when one of the dogs bit(咬) part of her middle finger almost completely off.
Laura tried to call 911 herself, but she said her hands were too badly hurt to make the call. “ I asked my daughters to call 911, and they’re four, and they were quite afraid to even touch the phone, because it was covered in my blood(血),” Laura told KGUN.
The mother continued to lose a lot of blood and thought she would go into a deep sleep—until her 2-year-old son Bentley came up with a dishcloth from the kitchen. After cleaning some of the bold off his mother’s iPhone, Bentley continued to use Face Time to call Laura’s friend Connie.
“All I could see was his little forehead. I said ‘Hi Bentley’ and it was quiet for a little bit. Then I heard Laura shouting,” Connie told KGUN.
Connie then called 911, and Bentley unlocked the door to let firefighters into the house.
Laura told KGUN she is very thankful for her little hero and has since taught all of her children how to call 911.
【小题1】Laura was badly hurt when she was _______.

A．opening the door	B．cooking in the kitchen
C．making a phone call	D．trying to stop a dog fight

【小题2】Through Face Time _______ learned about the accident and called 911 at last.

A．Laura’s son	B．Laura’s daughter
C．Laura’s friend	D．Laura’s husband

【小题3】The passage is probably taken from _______.

A．a newspaper	B．a poster
C．a science magazine	D．a guidebook

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