Do you know why you sleep? You may think it’s because you’re tired. Or perhaps you’ve been told sleep is good for you. Yet no one knows exactly why or how people sleep.
Until the early 1950s, most scientists thought the body and brain rested during sleep. Then a scientist watched people sleep. He noticed that during periods of between 5 and 30 minutes each, sleepers’ eyes made rapid movements, as if they were watching something. He called these periods REM sleep, for Rapid Eye Movement. Periods when sleepers’ eyes did not move he called non-REM sleep.
Whenever the scientist woke people during REM sleep, they were having vivid dreams. Measurements showed that sleepers’ pulses(脉搏)went up quickly during REM sleep. Their breathing, heartbeat, and the blood going to the brain also increased. Far from being a time of rest, REM sleep is a time when the body is hard at work. Scientists still don’t know the reason for this. Some believe REM sleep makes learning easier. Babies spend a lot of time in REM sleep. Because of this, some scientists believe that REM sleep helps the brain grow. Others think REM sleep is a time for the brain to empty the day’s garbage.
One thing all the scientists agree on is that sleep is necessary. Without enough sleep, people make mistakes. Most major car accidents happen during the early morning hours, when people are sleepiest.
【小题1】During REM sleep, a person’s breathing and heartbeat ________.
A.stopB.increaseC.decreaseD.stay the same
【小题2】Which word in paragraph(段落)3 means “colorful and lively”?
A.easierB.emptyC.vividD.quickly
【小题3】Which paragraph tells what happens when people don’t get enough sleep?
A.1B.2C.3D.4
【小题4】What is the main idea of the article?
A.REM sleep helps the brain grow.
B.REM sleep has been watched and recorded by scientists.
C.REM sleep is a time to empty the day’s garbage.
D.REM sleep is an active time when the body is hard at work.
【小题5】You can decide from the article that REM sleep ________.
A.has a restful effect on people
B.can be avoided with lots of sleep
C.is something that all people experience
D.is something that all scientists agree on

When I was ten, my mother worked all day so I had to take care of my younger brother. At that time my little brother was about four years old and he missed mum all the time.
One day, after I had given him his dinner, he started crying for mum. He was so young and really needed mum. So I dressed him, put on his shoes, carried him on my back and walked out. Soon he fell asleep. About half an hour later, I found that he had lost a shoe while sleeping. I took him off my back and put him down. I knew we needed to find that shoe, for our mother couldn’t afford new shoes. We had to go back to find it, so I told my brother to wait right there. A man heard it and stopped me just before I walked off. He asked me, “You are leaving your brother here to find the shoe? What would you do if he is not here when you return?” I did not know how to answer that question. He continued, “It’s OK if you can’t find the shoe, but it is not OK to lose your brother.” Then he sent us to mum’s workplace by taxi.
My whole life I have depended on the kindness of many strangers, I feel regretful that I cannot find them and say thank you. I do not even remember what the man’s face looked like, but he taught me a lesson—people are more important than things.
【小题1】Why did the younger brother cry for his mother?
A.Because he was hungry.
B.Because he missed his mother.
C.Because he wanted to sleep.
D.Because he wanted to play outside.
【小题2】What does the underlined word “regretful” in the last paragraph mean?
A.Sorry.B.Happy.C.Excited.D.Angry.
【小题3】What did the man mean by saying “It’s OK if you can’t find the shoe, but it is not OK to lose your brother.”?
A.People are more important than things.
B.Things are more important than people.
C.Both the shoe and your brother are important.
D.The shoe is more important than your brother.
【小题4】According to the passage, which word can best describe the man?
A.Rude.B.Funny.C.Silly.D.Kind.

阅读与回答问题(本题共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)

请认真阅读下面短文,并根据短文内容回答问题。

(请将答案写在答题卡上)

Body language is the quiet,secret and most powerful language of all! It is said that our body movements communicate(表达)about 50%of what we really mean while words themselves only do 7%.So while your mouth is closed,just what is your body saying……

Arms· How you hold your arms shows how open and receptive(接受的)you are to people you meet.If you keep your arms to the sides of your body or behind your back,this suggests you are not afraid of‘ asking on whatever comes your way.Outgoing people usually use their arms with big movements while quieter people keep them close to their bodies.If someone makes you angry, just cross your arms to show you’re unhappy!

Head· when you want to show your confidence,keep your head level(平直).If you are monitor in class, you can also take on this position(姿势)when you want your words to be taken seriously. However, to be friendly in listening or speaking, you must move your head a little to one side.   

Legs.Your legs will move around a lot more than normal when you are nervous or telling lies.If you are at interviews, try to keep them still.

Mouth. When you are thinking,you often purse your lips(撅起嘴).You might also use this position to hold back angry words you don’t wish to say.However, it will probably still be noticed,and people will know you’re not pleased.

1.What plays an important part in communication according to the passage?

                                                                                       

2. In the third paragraph, which word means “feeling sure about one’s own                                                                                 ability ?

                                                                                        

3.When a nervous person speaks in public, what will he or she probably do?

                                                                                       

4.How many parts of body are mentioned in the passage?

                                                                                        

5.What do you think of “body language”?  (请你根据短文内容,自拟一句话作答)

                                                                                        

 

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