ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
25¡¢×ö»¯Ñ§ÊµÑéʱ£¬ÊµÑę́ÉϵÄÒ©Æ·Ó¦·ÖÀàÓÐÐòµØ°Ú·Å£®ÔÚÒ»´Î»¯Ñ§ÐËȤС×é»î¶¯ÖУ¬ÊµÑę́ÉÏ°Ú·ÅÁËÏÂÁÐÒ©Æ·£¬ÆäÖÐÒ»ÊÔ¼ÁÆ¿µÄ±êÇ©ÆÆË𣨼ûÏÂͼ£©£®
£¨1£©Óû±È½ÏͺÍÒøµÄ½ðÊô»î¶¯ÐÔÇ¿Èõ£¬¿ÉÑ¡ÓÃÉÏÊöÒ©Æ·ÖеÄ
£¨2£©ÉÏÊöÓÐЩҩƷÈô³¨¿Ú·ÅÖúÜÈÝÒ×±äÖÊ£®ÊÔ¾ÙÒ»Àý£¬ËµÃ÷±äÖʵÄÔÒò
£¨3£©Í¬Ñ§ÃÇÓû̽¾¿±êÇ©ÆÆËðµÄÒ©Æ·µÄ³É·Ö£®
·ÖÎö˼¿¼£º¸ù¾ÝÒ©Æ··ÖÀà°Ú·ÅµÄÔÔò£¬¸ÃÒ©Æ·¿ÉÄÜÊÇ
A£®Ëá¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡B£®¼î¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ C£®ÑΡ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ D£®µ¥ÖÊ
×÷³ö²ÂÏ룺¢Ù¿ÉÄÜÊÇNaOHÈÜÒº¡¡¢Ú¿ÉÄÜÊÇNa2CO3ÈÜÒº¡¡¢Û»¹¿ÉÄÜÊÇ
Éè¼Æ²¢ÊµÑ飺
¢ñ£®Ð¡Ã÷ÓýྻµÄ²£Á§°ôպȡÑùÆ·ÈÜÒºµÎÖÁ¾¹ýÈóʪµÄpHÊÔÖ½ÉÏ£¬²âµÃpH=10£¬ËûÅжÏÈÜÒºÏÔ¼îÐÔ£®¶ÔËûµÄ²Ù×÷·½·¨¡¢²âÁ¿½á¹û¼°½áÂÛµÄÆÀ¼Û£¬ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ
A£®·½·¨ÕýÈ·£¬½á¹ûÕýÈ·£¬ÇÒ½áÂÛÕýÈ·¡¡¡¡B£®·½·¨ÕýÈ·£¬½á¹ûÕýÈ·£¬µ«½áÂÛ´íÎó
C£®·½·¨´íÎ󣬽á¹ûƫС£¬µ«½áÂÛÕýÈ·¡¡¡¡D£®·½·¨´íÎ󣬽á¹ûÆ«´ó£¬µ«½áÂÛÕýÈ·
¢ò£®¸ù¾ÝÒÔÉϽá¹û£¬Ð¡Ã÷ÈÏΪÔÊÔ¼ÁÊÇÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº£¬µ«Ð¡¿¡ÈÏΪСÃ÷µÄÅжϴíÎó£®ÄãÔÞͬ
¢ó£®Ð¡Ç¿Ñ¡ÓÃͼÖеÄÊÔ¼Á
·´Ë¼ÓëÆÀ¼Û£ºÐ¡Î°¶ÔСǿµÄ½áÂÛÌá³öÖÊÒÉ£¬ÈÏΪ¸ÃÊÔ¼Á»¹¿ÉÄÜÊÇ
£¨1£©Óû±È½ÏͺÍÒøµÄ½ðÊô»î¶¯ÐÔÇ¿Èõ£¬¿ÉÑ¡ÓÃÉÏÊöÒ©Æ·ÖеÄ
¢Þ¢à
½øÐÐʵÑ飨ѡÌîÐòºÅ£©£»£¨2£©ÉÏÊöÓÐЩҩƷÈô³¨¿Ú·ÅÖúÜÈÝÒ×±äÖÊ£®ÊÔ¾ÙÒ»Àý£¬ËµÃ÷±äÖʵÄÔÒò
Ca£¨OH£©2ÈÜÒºÒ×ÎüÊÕCO2¶ø±äÖÊ
£»£¨3£©Í¬Ñ§ÃÇÓû̽¾¿±êÇ©ÆÆËðµÄÒ©Æ·µÄ³É·Ö£®
·ÖÎö˼¿¼£º¸ù¾ÝÒ©Æ··ÖÀà°Ú·ÅµÄÔÔò£¬¸ÃÒ©Æ·¿ÉÄÜÊÇ
BC
£»A£®Ëá¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡B£®¼î¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ C£®ÑΡ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ D£®µ¥ÖÊ
×÷³ö²ÂÏ룺¢Ù¿ÉÄÜÊÇNaOHÈÜÒº¡¡¢Ú¿ÉÄÜÊÇNa2CO3ÈÜÒº¡¡¢Û»¹¿ÉÄÜÊÇ
Na2SO4
ÈÜÒº£¨ÈÎдһÖÖ£©Éè¼Æ²¢ÊµÑ飺
¢ñ£®Ð¡Ã÷ÓýྻµÄ²£Á§°ôպȡÑùÆ·ÈÜÒºµÎÖÁ¾¹ýÈóʪµÄpHÊÔÖ½ÉÏ£¬²âµÃpH=10£¬ËûÅжÏÈÜÒºÏÔ¼îÐÔ£®¶ÔËûµÄ²Ù×÷·½·¨¡¢²âÁ¿½á¹û¼°½áÂÛµÄÆÀ¼Û£¬ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ
C
£»A£®·½·¨ÕýÈ·£¬½á¹ûÕýÈ·£¬ÇÒ½áÂÛÕýÈ·¡¡¡¡B£®·½·¨ÕýÈ·£¬½á¹ûÕýÈ·£¬µ«½áÂÛ´íÎó
C£®·½·¨´íÎ󣬽á¹ûƫС£¬µ«½áÂÛÕýÈ·¡¡¡¡D£®·½·¨´íÎ󣬽á¹ûÆ«´ó£¬µ«½áÂÛÕýÈ·
¢ò£®¸ù¾ÝÒÔÉϽá¹û£¬Ð¡Ã÷ÈÏΪÔÊÔ¼ÁÊÇÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº£¬µ«Ð¡¿¡ÈÏΪСÃ÷µÄÅжϴíÎó£®ÄãÔÞͬ
С¿¡
µÄ¹Ûµã£¬ÀíÓÉÊÇNa2CO3ÈÜÒºÒ²ÏÔ¼îÐÔ
£»¢ó£®Ð¡Ç¿Ñ¡ÓÃͼÖеÄÊÔ¼Á
HClÈÜÒººÍCa£¨OH£©2ÈÜÒº
£¬ÔÚСÃ÷µÄʵÑé»ù´¡ÉÏͨ¹ý½øÒ»²½µÄʵÑéÈ·¶¨ËüÊÇNa2CO3ÈÜÒº£®ÇëÄ㲹ȫСǿµÄʵÑ鱨¸æ£®Ñ¡ÓÃÊÔ¼Á | ʵÑéÏÖÏó | ½áÂÛ |
HClÈÜÒººÍCa£¨OH£©2ÈÜÒº |
ÔÚÑùÆ·ÖмÓÈëÑÎËáʱ²úÉúÁËʹ³ÎÇåʯ»ÒË®±ä»ë×ǵÄÆøÌå |
ÔÊÔ¼ÁÊÇNa2CO3ÈÜÒº£® |
NaHCO3
ÈÜÒº£®·ÖÎö£º£¨1£©¸ù¾Ý͵ĻÐÔ±ÈÒøÇ¿£¬Ñ¡È¡ÉÏͼÖеÄÒ©Æ·£¬Éè¼ÆʵÑé¼ìÑéÍÓëÒøµÄ»î¶¯ÐÔ¹Øϵ£»
£¨2£©¸ù¾ÝͼÖÐÎïÖʵÄÐÔÖÊ£¬ÅжÏÒ©Æ·³¨¿Ú·ÅÖÃʱÄÜÓë¿ÕÆøÖÐÓйØÆøÌå·¢Éú·´Ó¦¶ø±äÖʵÄÒ©Æ·£¬ËµÃ÷±äÖʵÄÔÒò£»
£¨3£©·ÖÎö˼¿¼£º¸ù¾Ý±êÇ©Öпɼû²¿·ÖµÄÌáʾÐÅÏ¢£¬ÀûÓöԸ÷ÀàÎïÖʵÄ×é³ÉÌصãµÄÈÏʶ£¬²ÂÏë¸ÃÒ©Æ·µÄÎïÖÊÀà±ð£»
×÷³ö²ÂÏ룺¸ù¾Ý¶ÔÎïÖÊÀà±ðµÄ²ÂÏ룬½øÒ»²½²ÂÏë¸ÃÒ©Æ·¾ßÓпÉÄÜΪʲôÎïÖÊ£»
Éè¼Æ²¢ÊµÑ飺I¡¢·ÖÎöСÃ÷ͬѧ²â¶¨¸ÃÈÜÒºËá¼î¶ÈµÄ²Ù×÷·½·¨¼°×ö³öµÄÅжϣ¬Ö¸³öÆÀ¼ÛÕýÈ·µÄÒ»Ï
II¡¢¶Ô±È²ÂÏëÖÐÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆ¡¢Ì¼ËáÄÆÐÔÖʵÄÒìͬ£¬ÆÀ¼ÛСÃ÷¸ù¾Ý²â¶¨½á¹ûËù×ö³öµÄ½áÂÛÊÇ·ñÕýÈ·£¬²¢ËµÃ÷ÆÀ¼ÛÒÀ¾Ý£»
III¡¢¸ù¾Ý̼ËáÄƵÄÐÔÖʼ°±ä»¯¹æÂÉ£¬Ñ¡È¡Í¼Ê¾µÄÒ©Æ·£¬Éè¼ÆʵÑé¼ìÑéҩƷΪ̼ËáÄÆ£»
·´Ë¼ÓëÆÀ¼Û£º¸ù¾Ý¶ÔÄÜÓëÑÎËá·´Ó¦·Å³ö¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ˽⣬˵³ö³ý̼ËáÄÆÍâÄÜÓëÑÎËá·´Ó¦·Å³ö¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼µÄÁíÒ»ÖÖÄÆÑΣ®
£¨2£©¸ù¾ÝͼÖÐÎïÖʵÄÐÔÖÊ£¬ÅжÏÒ©Æ·³¨¿Ú·ÅÖÃʱÄÜÓë¿ÕÆøÖÐÓйØÆøÌå·¢Éú·´Ó¦¶ø±äÖʵÄÒ©Æ·£¬ËµÃ÷±äÖʵÄÔÒò£»
£¨3£©·ÖÎö˼¿¼£º¸ù¾Ý±êÇ©Öпɼû²¿·ÖµÄÌáʾÐÅÏ¢£¬ÀûÓöԸ÷ÀàÎïÖʵÄ×é³ÉÌصãµÄÈÏʶ£¬²ÂÏë¸ÃÒ©Æ·µÄÎïÖÊÀà±ð£»
×÷³ö²ÂÏ룺¸ù¾Ý¶ÔÎïÖÊÀà±ðµÄ²ÂÏ룬½øÒ»²½²ÂÏë¸ÃÒ©Æ·¾ßÓпÉÄÜΪʲôÎïÖÊ£»
Éè¼Æ²¢ÊµÑ飺I¡¢·ÖÎöСÃ÷ͬѧ²â¶¨¸ÃÈÜÒºËá¼î¶ÈµÄ²Ù×÷·½·¨¼°×ö³öµÄÅжϣ¬Ö¸³öÆÀ¼ÛÕýÈ·µÄÒ»Ï
II¡¢¶Ô±È²ÂÏëÖÐÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆ¡¢Ì¼ËáÄÆÐÔÖʵÄÒìͬ£¬ÆÀ¼ÛСÃ÷¸ù¾Ý²â¶¨½á¹ûËù×ö³öµÄ½áÂÛÊÇ·ñÕýÈ·£¬²¢ËµÃ÷ÆÀ¼ÛÒÀ¾Ý£»
III¡¢¸ù¾Ý̼ËáÄƵÄÐÔÖʼ°±ä»¯¹æÂÉ£¬Ñ¡È¡Í¼Ê¾µÄÒ©Æ·£¬Éè¼ÆʵÑé¼ìÑéҩƷΪ̼ËáÄÆ£»
·´Ë¼ÓëÆÀ¼Û£º¸ù¾Ý¶ÔÄÜÓëÑÎËá·´Ó¦·Å³ö¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ˽⣬˵³ö³ý̼ËáÄÆÍâÄÜÓëÑÎËá·´Ó¦·Å³ö¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼µÄÁíÒ»ÖÖÄÆÑΣ®
½â´ð£º½â£º£¨1£©Îª¼ìÑéͺÍÒøµÄ»î¶¯ÐÔÇ¿Èõ£¬¸ù¾ÝͼʾµÄÊÔ¼Á£¬¿ÉÑ¡È¡¢ÞÏõËáÒøÓë¢àÍ·´Ó¦½øÐмìÑ飻
£¨2£©Í¼Ê¾ÖеÄÇâÑõ»¯¸ÆÈÜÒº£¨»òÇâÑõ»¯¼ØÈÜÒº£©ÄÜÎüÊÕ¿ÕÆøÖеĶþÑõ»¯Ì¼¶ø±äÖÊ£»
£¨3£©[·ÖÎö˼¿¼]ÆÆËð±êÇ©¿É¼û²¿·Ö±íʾ£¬¸ÃÎïÖÊÖк¬ÓнðÊôÄÆÔªËØ£¬Òò´Ë¿É²Â²â¸ÃÎïÖÊΪ¼î»òÑÎÀàÎïÖÊ£»
[×÷³ö²ÂÏë]ÈôΪ¼îÔòΪÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆ£¬ÈôΪÑÎÔò¿ÉΪ̼ËáÄÆ»òÊÇÁòËáÄƵȣ»
[Éè¼Æ²¢ÊµÑé]I¡¢ÔڲⶨËá¼î¶ÈʱÓÃË®ÈóʪÊÔÖ½Òò²Ù×÷·½·¨²»ÕýÈ·£¬»áʹËù²âµÃ¼îÈÜÒºµÄËá¼î¶ÈƫС£¬µ«¸ù¾ÝËá¼î¶ÈΪ10ÅжÏÈÜҺΪ¼îÐԵĽá¹û»¹ÊÇûÓдíÎóµÄ£»¹ÊCÕýÈ·£»
II¡¢ËäÈ»ÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº³Ê¼îÐÔ£¬µ«³Ê¼îÐÔµÄÈÜҺȴ²»Ò»¶¨¾ÍÊÇÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº£¬Èç̼ËáÄÆÈÜÒºÒ²³Ê¼îÐÔ£¬Òò´ËС¿¡Í¬Ñ§µÄ˵·¨ÊÇÕýÈ·µÄ£»
III¡¢ÀûÓÃ̼ËáÄÆ¿ÉÓëÑÎËá·´Ó¦·Å³öÄÜʹ³ÎÇåʯ»ÒË®±ä»ë×ǵĶþÑõ»¯Ì¼ÆøÌ壬Òò´Ë£¬¿ÉÑ¡È¡ÉÏͼÊÔ¼ÁÖеÄÏ¡ÑÎËáÓëÇâÑõ»¯¸ÆÈÜÒº£¬½øÐÐÉè¼Æ¼ìÑéʵÑ飻
[·´Ë¼ÓëÆÀ¼Û]СËÕ´ò̼ËáÇâÄƵÄÈÜÒºÒ²³Ê¼îÐÔ£¬ÓöÑÎËáÒ²¿ÉÒԷųö¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼ÆøÌ壬Òò´Ë£¬Ð¡Î°Í¬Ñ§ÈÏΪ¸ÃÈÜÒºÒ²¿ÉÄÜΪ̼ËáÇâÄÆÈÜÒº£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º
£¨1£©¢Þ¢à£»
£¨2£©Ca£¨OH£©2ÈÜÒºÒ×ÎüÊÕCO2¶ø±äÖʵȣ»
£¨3£©¡¾·ÖÎö˼¿¼¡¿BC£»
¡¾×÷³ö²ÂÏë¡¿Na2SO4£¨»òÁòËáÄÆ£©µÈ£»
¡¾Éè¼Æ²¢ÊµÑé¡¿¢ñ£®C£»
¢ò£®Ð¡¿¡£»Na2CO3ÈÜÒºÒ²ÏÔ¼îÐÔ£¨»òÏÔ¼îÐÔµÄÈÜÒº²»Ò»¶¨ÊǼîÈÜÒºµÈ£©
¢ó£®HClÈÜÒººÍCa£¨OH£©2ÈÜÒº£¨»òÏ¡ÑÎËáºÍ³ÎÇåµÄʯ»ÒË®£©£»ÔÚÑùÆ·ÖмÓÈëÑÎËáʱ²úÉúÁËʹ³ÎÇåʯ»ÒË®±ä»ë×ǵÄÆøÌ壻
¡¾·´Ë¼ÓëÆÀ¼Û¡¿NaHCO3£¨»ò̼ËáÇâÄÆ£©£®
£¨2£©Í¼Ê¾ÖеÄÇâÑõ»¯¸ÆÈÜÒº£¨»òÇâÑõ»¯¼ØÈÜÒº£©ÄÜÎüÊÕ¿ÕÆøÖеĶþÑõ»¯Ì¼¶ø±äÖÊ£»
£¨3£©[·ÖÎö˼¿¼]ÆÆËð±êÇ©¿É¼û²¿·Ö±íʾ£¬¸ÃÎïÖÊÖк¬ÓнðÊôÄÆÔªËØ£¬Òò´Ë¿É²Â²â¸ÃÎïÖÊΪ¼î»òÑÎÀàÎïÖÊ£»
[×÷³ö²ÂÏë]ÈôΪ¼îÔòΪÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆ£¬ÈôΪÑÎÔò¿ÉΪ̼ËáÄÆ»òÊÇÁòËáÄƵȣ»
[Éè¼Æ²¢ÊµÑé]I¡¢ÔڲⶨËá¼î¶ÈʱÓÃË®ÈóʪÊÔÖ½Òò²Ù×÷·½·¨²»ÕýÈ·£¬»áʹËù²âµÃ¼îÈÜÒºµÄËá¼î¶ÈƫС£¬µ«¸ù¾ÝËá¼î¶ÈΪ10ÅжÏÈÜҺΪ¼îÐԵĽá¹û»¹ÊÇûÓдíÎóµÄ£»¹ÊCÕýÈ·£»
II¡¢ËäÈ»ÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº³Ê¼îÐÔ£¬µ«³Ê¼îÐÔµÄÈÜҺȴ²»Ò»¶¨¾ÍÊÇÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº£¬Èç̼ËáÄÆÈÜÒºÒ²³Ê¼îÐÔ£¬Òò´ËС¿¡Í¬Ñ§µÄ˵·¨ÊÇÕýÈ·µÄ£»
III¡¢ÀûÓÃ̼ËáÄÆ¿ÉÓëÑÎËá·´Ó¦·Å³öÄÜʹ³ÎÇåʯ»ÒË®±ä»ë×ǵĶþÑõ»¯Ì¼ÆøÌ壬Òò´Ë£¬¿ÉÑ¡È¡ÉÏͼÊÔ¼ÁÖеÄÏ¡ÑÎËáÓëÇâÑõ»¯¸ÆÈÜÒº£¬½øÐÐÉè¼Æ¼ìÑéʵÑ飻
[·´Ë¼ÓëÆÀ¼Û]СËÕ´ò̼ËáÇâÄƵÄÈÜÒºÒ²³Ê¼îÐÔ£¬ÓöÑÎËáÒ²¿ÉÒԷųö¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼ÆøÌ壬Òò´Ë£¬Ð¡Î°Í¬Ñ§ÈÏΪ¸ÃÈÜÒºÒ²¿ÉÄÜΪ̼ËáÇâÄÆÈÜÒº£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º
£¨1£©¢Þ¢à£»
£¨2£©Ca£¨OH£©2ÈÜÒºÒ×ÎüÊÕCO2¶ø±äÖʵȣ»
£¨3£©¡¾·ÖÎö˼¿¼¡¿BC£»
¡¾×÷³ö²ÂÏë¡¿Na2SO4£¨»òÁòËáÄÆ£©µÈ£»
¡¾Éè¼Æ²¢ÊµÑé¡¿¢ñ£®C£»
¢ò£®Ð¡¿¡£»Na2CO3ÈÜÒºÒ²ÏÔ¼îÐÔ£¨»òÏÔ¼îÐÔµÄÈÜÒº²»Ò»¶¨ÊǼîÈÜÒºµÈ£©
¢ó£®HClÈÜÒººÍCa£¨OH£©2ÈÜÒº£¨»òÏ¡ÑÎËáºÍ³ÎÇåµÄʯ»ÒË®£©£»ÔÚÑùÆ·ÖмÓÈëÑÎËáʱ²úÉúÁËʹ³ÎÇåʯ»ÒË®±ä»ë×ǵÄÆøÌ壻
Ñ¡ÓÃÊÔ¼Á | ʵÑéÏÖÏó | ½áÂÛ |
HClÈÜÒººÍCa£¨OH£©2ÈÜÒº | ÔÚÑùÆ·ÖмÓÈëÑÎËáʱ²úÉúÁËʹ³ÎÇåʯ»ÒË®±ä»ë×ǵÄÆøÌå | ÔÊÔ¼ÁÊÇNa2CO3ÈÜÒº£® |
µãÆÀ£º±¾Ìâ¾ßÓкÜÇ¿µÄ×ÛºÏÐÔ£¬ÔÚ½â´ðÎÊÌâʱÌåÏÖ³öÔËÓû¯Ñ§ÖªÊ¶½øÐзÖÎöÎÊÌâÓë½â¾öÎÊÌâµÄÄÜÁ¦£¬Ò²±íÏÖ³öѧÉúµÄʵÑé¼¼ÄÜ£®
Á·Ï°²áϵÁдð°¸
Ïà¹ØÌâÄ¿