ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
32¡¢Ä³¹ÌÌå»ìºÏÎï¿ÉÄܺ¬ÓÐZn¡¢CaCO3¡¢Na2CO3ÈýÖÖÎïÖÊ£¬Îª¼ì²â³ö¸Ã»ìºÏÎïÖеľßÌåÎïÖʼ°º¬Á¿£¬Ì½¾¿Ð¡×éÑ¡ÔñÁËͼÖеIJ¿·Ö×°Ö㬾¹ýʵÑéµÃÖªÆøÌå²úÎïÖк¬ÓÐÇâÆøºÍ¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼£®£¨Ìáʾ£º²»¿¼ÂÇÏ¡ÑÎËáµÄ»Ó·¢ÐÔ£©
»Ø´ðÏÂÁÐÎÊÌ⣺
£¨1£©×°Öü×ÖÐÒÇÆ÷AµÄÃû³ÆÊÇ
£¨2£©³¤¾±Â©¶·ÐëÉìÈëÒºÃæϵÄÔÒòÊÇ
£¨3£©×°ÖÃÎìÈôÓÃÓÚÅÅ¿ÕÆø·¨ÊÕ¼¯Ä³ÖÖÆøÌ壬µ±ÆøÌå´Óg´¦½øÈ룬Ôò¿ÉÊÕ¼¯µ½ÃܶȱȿÕÆø
£¨4£©¸ù¾ÝͼÖÐËùÌṩµÄÒÇÆ÷×°Ö㬽øÐкÏÀíµÄÁ¬½Ó£¬¿ÉÍê³ÉÒÔÏÂÖ¸¶¨µÄʵÑ飺
¢ÙÖ¤Ã÷¸Ã»ìºÏÎïÖк¬ÓÐ̼ËáÑΣ¬´Ó×óµ½ÓҵĽӿÚ˳ÐòΪa¡ú
¢ÚÖ¤Ã÷¸Ã»ìºÏÎïÖк¬ÓÐп·Û£¬´Ó×óµ½ÓÒ½Ó¿Ú˳ÐòΪa¡ú
£¨5£©¼ÙÈç¹ÌÌå»ìºÏÎïÖв»º¬CaCO3£¬ÔÚʵÑéÖгÆÈ¡m¿ËµÄÑùÆ·£¨ÔÊÐí²ÉÓÃÉÏÊö×°ÖÃÒÔÍâµÄÒÇÆ÷£¬µ«×°ÖüױØÐëʹÓã©£¬¼×ͬѧ˵¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ý²âÁ¿ÇâÆøÌå»ý£¬È»ºó»»Ëã³ÉÇâÆøÖÊÁ¿µÄ·½·¨¼ÆËã³öZnµÄÖÊÁ¿£®ÒÒͬѧ˵£¬ËûÒ²¿ÉÒÔÓÃÁíÒ»ÖÖ·½·¨»ñµÃпµÄÖÊÁ¿£¬ËûµÄ·½·¨ÊÇ
»Ø´ðÏÂÁÐÎÊÌ⣺
£¨1£©×°Öü×ÖÐÒÇÆ÷AµÄÃû³ÆÊÇ
׶ÐÎÆ¿
£¬ÒÒÖÐÒÇÆ÷BµÄÃû³ÆÊÇ
Á¿Í²
£®£¨2£©³¤¾±Â©¶·ÐëÉìÈëÒºÃæϵÄÔÒòÊÇ
·ÀÖ¹ÆøÌå´Ó³¤¾±Â©¶·Òݳö
£®£¨3£©×°ÖÃÎìÈôÓÃÓÚÅÅ¿ÕÆø·¨ÊÕ¼¯Ä³ÖÖÆøÌ壬µ±ÆøÌå´Óg´¦½øÈ룬Ôò¿ÉÊÕ¼¯µ½ÃܶȱȿÕÆø
С
µÄÆøÌ壨Ìî¡°´ó¡±»ò¡°Ð¡¡±£©£®£¨4£©¸ù¾ÝͼÖÐËùÌṩµÄÒÇÆ÷×°Ö㬽øÐкÏÀíµÄÁ¬½Ó£¬¿ÉÍê³ÉÒÔÏÂÖ¸¶¨µÄʵÑ飺
¢ÙÖ¤Ã÷¸Ã»ìºÏÎïÖк¬ÓÐ̼ËáÑΣ¬´Ó×óµ½ÓҵĽӿÚ˳ÐòΪa¡ú
b
£®Ð´³ö³ý×°Öü×Äڵķ´Ó¦Í⣬¸ÃÏîʵÑéÖÐËù·¢Éú·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ£ºCO2+Ca£¨OH£©2=CaCO3¡ý+H2O
£®¢ÚÖ¤Ã÷¸Ã»ìºÏÎïÖк¬ÓÐп·Û£¬´Ó×óµ½ÓÒ½Ó¿Ú˳ÐòΪa¡ú
b¡úc¡úd¡úe¡úh
£®ÈôÔÚ×°ÖÃÆøÃÜÐÔÁ¼ºÃµÄÇé¿öÏ£¬Î´¹Û²ìµ½Ô¤ÆÚµÄʵÑéÏÖÏ󣬿ÉÄܵÄÔÒòÊÇ
»ìºÏÆøÌåÖеĶþÑõ»¯Ì¼Ã»Óгý¾¡
£®£¨5£©¼ÙÈç¹ÌÌå»ìºÏÎïÖв»º¬CaCO3£¬ÔÚʵÑéÖгÆÈ¡m¿ËµÄÑùÆ·£¨ÔÊÐí²ÉÓÃÉÏÊö×°ÖÃÒÔÍâµÄÒÇÆ÷£¬µ«×°ÖüױØÐëʹÓã©£¬¼×ͬѧ˵¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ý²âÁ¿ÇâÆøÌå»ý£¬È»ºó»»Ëã³ÉÇâÆøÖÊÁ¿µÄ·½·¨¼ÆËã³öZnµÄÖÊÁ¿£®ÒÒͬѧ˵£¬ËûÒ²¿ÉÒÔÓÃÁíÒ»ÖÖ·½·¨»ñµÃпµÄÖÊÁ¿£¬ËûµÄ·½·¨ÊÇ
³Æ³ö±û¡¢¶¡×°ÖÃÔÚ·´Ó¦Ç°ºóµÄÖÊÁ¿£¬Çó³öÖÊÁ¿²î¼´ÎªCO2µÄÖÊÁ¿£»¸ù¾ÝCO2µÄÖÊÁ¿¿É¼ÆËã³öNa2CO3µÄÖÊÁ¿£¬ÔÙÓÉÑùÆ·ÖÊÁ¿ÓëNa2CO3µÄÖÊÁ¿¿ÉµÃпµÄÖÊÁ¿
£®·ÖÎö£º£¨1£©¸ù¾ÝÒÇÆ÷ͼ£¬±æʶ³£¼ûÒÇÆ÷²¢Õýȷд³öÒÇÆ÷µÄÃû³Æ£»
£¨2£©³¤¾±Â©¶·²»Ïó·ÖҺ©¶·Ã»ÓпɿØÖƵĻîÈû£¬²úÉúµÄÆøÌå¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ý³¤¾±Â©¶·¶ø´Ó×°ÖÃÖÐÒÝÉ¢£¬Òò´Ë£¬ÐèÒª°Ñ³¤¾±Â©¶·ÉìÈëµ½ÒºÃæÒÔÏ£¬·âס³¤¾±Â©¶·¶øʹÆøÌå²»ÄÜ´Ó´ËÒݳö£»
£¨3£©ÅÅ¿ÕÆøÊÕ¼¯ÆøÌåʱ£¬ÐèÒª¿¼ÂÇÆøÌåµÄÃܶȣ»ÆøÌåÃܶȴóµÄÏòÉÏÅÅ¿ÕÆøÊÕ¼¯£¬ÃܶÈСµÄÔòÏòÏÂÅÅ¿ÕÆøÊÕ¼¯£»ÆøÌå´Óg½øÈëʱ£¬Æ¿ÄÚ¿ÕÆø¾ÍÖ»ÄÜ´ÓfÅųö£¬Õâ¾ÍÏ൱ÓÚ¿ÕÆø´ÓÏÂÃæÅųö£¬ÀàËÆÓÚÏòÏÂÅÅ¿ÕÆø£»
£¨4£©¢Ù»ìºÏÎïÖеÄ̼ËáÑÎÓëÑÎËá·´Ó¦²úÉú¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼£¬¿ÉʹÓóÎÇåʯ»ÒË®¼ìÑé¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼£¬Òò´Ë£¬Ó¦°Ñ²úÉúµÄÆøÌåͨ¹ý×°ÓгÎÇåʯ»ÒË®µÄ±û×°Öã¬ÆøÌåÓ¦´Ób¹ÜͨÈ룻
¢Ú»ìºÏÎïÖеÄпÄÜÓëÑÎËá²úÉúÇâÆø£¬¿ÉʹÓõãȼµÄ·½·¨¼ìÑéÇâÆø£»Òò´ËÐèÏȰѲúÉúµÄ»ìºÏÆøÌåÖеĶþÑõ»¯Ì¼Í¨¹ý±û×°ÖõļìÑéÔÙͨ¹ý¶¡×°ÖýøÐÐÍêÈ«ÎüÊÕ£¬°Ñ³ýÈ¥¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼µÄÆøÌåʹÓò£Á§¹Ü¼º½øÐеãȼ£»Èç¹ûÆøÌå´¦Àí²»ÍêÈ«£¬ÇâÆø¾Í»áÒò»ìÓжþÑõ»¯Ì¼¶ø²»ÄÜȼÉÕ£»
£¨5£©¸ù¾Ý²úÉúÆøÌåµÄÖÊÁ¿¿É¼ÆËã³ö»ìºÏÎïÖÐпºÍ̼ËáÄƵÄÖÊÁ¿£¬Ò²¿ÉÒÔÀûÓûìºÏÎïÓëÆäÖÐÒ»ÖÖÎïÖʵÄÖÊÁ¿²îÇóµÃÁíÒ»ÎïÖʵÄÖÊÁ¿£»Òò´Ë£¬¿Éͨ¹ý±û¡¢¶¡×°Öòⶨ¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼µÄÖÊÁ¿£¬ÓɶþÑõ»¯Ì¼ÖÊÁ¿¼ÆËã̼ËáÄƵÄÖÊÁ¿£¬×îºó£¬ÓÃÑùÆ·ÖÊÁ¿Óë̼ËáÄƵÄÖÊÁ¿²îÇóµÃ½ðÊôпµÄÖÊÁ¿£®
£¨2£©³¤¾±Â©¶·²»Ïó·ÖҺ©¶·Ã»ÓпɿØÖƵĻîÈû£¬²úÉúµÄÆøÌå¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ý³¤¾±Â©¶·¶ø´Ó×°ÖÃÖÐÒÝÉ¢£¬Òò´Ë£¬ÐèÒª°Ñ³¤¾±Â©¶·ÉìÈëµ½ÒºÃæÒÔÏ£¬·âס³¤¾±Â©¶·¶øʹÆøÌå²»ÄÜ´Ó´ËÒݳö£»
£¨3£©ÅÅ¿ÕÆøÊÕ¼¯ÆøÌåʱ£¬ÐèÒª¿¼ÂÇÆøÌåµÄÃܶȣ»ÆøÌåÃܶȴóµÄÏòÉÏÅÅ¿ÕÆøÊÕ¼¯£¬ÃܶÈСµÄÔòÏòÏÂÅÅ¿ÕÆøÊÕ¼¯£»ÆøÌå´Óg½øÈëʱ£¬Æ¿ÄÚ¿ÕÆø¾ÍÖ»ÄÜ´ÓfÅųö£¬Õâ¾ÍÏ൱ÓÚ¿ÕÆø´ÓÏÂÃæÅųö£¬ÀàËÆÓÚÏòÏÂÅÅ¿ÕÆø£»
£¨4£©¢Ù»ìºÏÎïÖеÄ̼ËáÑÎÓëÑÎËá·´Ó¦²úÉú¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼£¬¿ÉʹÓóÎÇåʯ»ÒË®¼ìÑé¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼£¬Òò´Ë£¬Ó¦°Ñ²úÉúµÄÆøÌåͨ¹ý×°ÓгÎÇåʯ»ÒË®µÄ±û×°Öã¬ÆøÌåÓ¦´Ób¹ÜͨÈ룻
¢Ú»ìºÏÎïÖеÄпÄÜÓëÑÎËá²úÉúÇâÆø£¬¿ÉʹÓõãȼµÄ·½·¨¼ìÑéÇâÆø£»Òò´ËÐèÏȰѲúÉúµÄ»ìºÏÆøÌåÖеĶþÑõ»¯Ì¼Í¨¹ý±û×°ÖõļìÑéÔÙͨ¹ý¶¡×°ÖýøÐÐÍêÈ«ÎüÊÕ£¬°Ñ³ýÈ¥¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼µÄÆøÌåʹÓò£Á§¹Ü¼º½øÐеãȼ£»Èç¹ûÆøÌå´¦Àí²»ÍêÈ«£¬ÇâÆø¾Í»áÒò»ìÓжþÑõ»¯Ì¼¶ø²»ÄÜȼÉÕ£»
£¨5£©¸ù¾Ý²úÉúÆøÌåµÄÖÊÁ¿¿É¼ÆËã³ö»ìºÏÎïÖÐпºÍ̼ËáÄƵÄÖÊÁ¿£¬Ò²¿ÉÒÔÀûÓûìºÏÎïÓëÆäÖÐÒ»ÖÖÎïÖʵÄÖÊÁ¿²îÇóµÃÁíÒ»ÎïÖʵÄÖÊÁ¿£»Òò´Ë£¬¿Éͨ¹ý±û¡¢¶¡×°Öòⶨ¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼µÄÖÊÁ¿£¬ÓɶþÑõ»¯Ì¼ÖÊÁ¿¼ÆËã̼ËáÄƵÄÖÊÁ¿£¬×îºó£¬ÓÃÑùÆ·ÖÊÁ¿Óë̼ËáÄƵÄÖÊÁ¿²îÇóµÃ½ðÊôпµÄÖÊÁ¿£®
½â´ð£º½â£º£¨1£©×°Öü×ÖÐÒÇÆ÷AÓÃÓÚÏò×°ÖÃÄÚÌí¼ÓÒºÌåÒ©Æ·µÄ³¤¾±Â©¶·£»ÒÒÖÐÒÇÆ÷BΪÁ¿È¡ÒºÌåÌå»ýµÄÁ¿Í²£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º×¶ÐÎÆ¿£»Á¿Í²£»
£¨2£©³¤¾±Â©¶·ÉìÈëÒºÃæÒÔÏ¿ÉÒÔ·ÀÖ¹ÆøÌå´Ó³¤¾±Â©¶·Òݳö×°Ö㬼´Òº·â£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º·ÀÖ¹ÆøÌå´Ó³¤¾±Â©¶·Òݳö£¨»òÒº·â£©£»
£¨3£©µ±ÆøÌå´Óg´¦½øÈë¶øʹƿÄÚ¿ÕÆø´Ó´¦ÓÚϲ¿µÄfµ¼¹ÜÅųö£¬´ËΪÏòÏÂÅÅ¿ÕÆøÊÕ¼¯ÆøÌåµÄ·½·¨£¬¹Ê´ËÆøÌåµÄÃܶÈСÓÚ¿ÕÆø£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºÐ¡£»
£¨4£©¢Ù»ìºÏÎïÖеÄ̼ËáÑÎÓëÑÎËá²úÉú¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼ÆøÌ壬Òò´Ë£¬¿É°Ñ²úÉúµÄÆøÌåͨÈë³ÎÇåʯ»ÒË®£¬Ê¯»ÒË®±ä»ë×Ç£¬ËµÃ÷²úÉúÆøÌåÖꬶþÑõ»¯Ì¼¶øÖ¤Ã÷»ìºÏÎïÖк¬ÓÐ̼ËáÑΣ»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºb£»CO2+Ca£¨OH£©2=CaCO3¡ý+H2O£»
¢Ú»ìºÏÎïÖеĽðÊôпÄÜÓëÑÎËá·´Ó¦²úÉúÇâÆø£¬Òò´ËÐèÒª¼ìÑéÉú³ÉµÄ»ìºÏÆøÌåÀﺬÓÐÇâÆø£»¿ÉʹÓõãȼµÄ·½·¨¼ìÑéÇâÆøµÄ´æÔÚ£¬ÐèÒªÏÈ°ÑÆøÌåͨ¹ý±û¡¢¶¡×°ÖóýÈ¥»ìºÏÆøÌåÖеĶþÑõ»¯Ì¼£¬È»ºóÀûÓüº×°ÖðÑÆøÌåµãȼ£»Èç¹ûÆøÁ÷¹ý¼±£¬»ìºÏÆøÌåÖеĶþÑõ»¯Ì¼²»ÄÜÍêÈ«³ýȥʱ£¬»áÓ°ÏìÇâÆøµÄȼÉÕ£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºb¡úc¡úd¡úe¡úh£»»ìºÏÆøÌåÖеĶþÑõ»¯Ì¼Ã»Óгý¾¡£»
£¨5£©ÀûÓö¨Á¿µÄ·½·¨²â¶¨»ìºÏÎïµÄ³É·ÖµÄÖÊÁ¿£»¿Éͨ¹ý³ÆÁ¿±û¡¢¶¡×°Öòâ³öÉú³É¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼µÄÖÊÁ¿£¬¸ù¾Ý·´Ó¦µÄ³¥·½³Ìʽ¼ÆËã³ö»ìºÏÎïÖÐ̼ËáÄƵÄÖÊÁ¿£¬ÔÙ¶Ô±ÈËùÈ¡ÑùÆ·ÖÊÁ¿Óë̼ËáÄƵÄÖÊÁ¿£¬Ôò¿ÉÈ·¶¨»ìºÏÎïÖÐпµÄÖÊÁ¿£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º³Æ³ö±û¡¢¶¡×°ÖÃÔÚ·´Ó¦Ç°ºóµÄÖÊÁ¿£¬Çó³öÖÊÁ¿²î¼´ÎªCO2µÄÖÊÁ¿£»¸ù¾ÝCO2µÄÖÊÁ¿¿É¼ÆËã³öNa2CO3µÄÖÊÁ¿£¬ÔÙÓÉÑùÆ·ÖÊÁ¿ÓëNa2CO3µÄÖÊÁ¿¿ÉµÃпµÄÖÊÁ¿£®
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º×¶ÐÎÆ¿£»Á¿Í²£»
£¨2£©³¤¾±Â©¶·ÉìÈëÒºÃæÒÔÏ¿ÉÒÔ·ÀÖ¹ÆøÌå´Ó³¤¾±Â©¶·Òݳö×°Ö㬼´Òº·â£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º·ÀÖ¹ÆøÌå´Ó³¤¾±Â©¶·Òݳö£¨»òÒº·â£©£»
£¨3£©µ±ÆøÌå´Óg´¦½øÈë¶øʹƿÄÚ¿ÕÆø´Ó´¦ÓÚϲ¿µÄfµ¼¹ÜÅųö£¬´ËΪÏòÏÂÅÅ¿ÕÆøÊÕ¼¯ÆøÌåµÄ·½·¨£¬¹Ê´ËÆøÌåµÄÃܶÈСÓÚ¿ÕÆø£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºÐ¡£»
£¨4£©¢Ù»ìºÏÎïÖеÄ̼ËáÑÎÓëÑÎËá²úÉú¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼ÆøÌ壬Òò´Ë£¬¿É°Ñ²úÉúµÄÆøÌåͨÈë³ÎÇåʯ»ÒË®£¬Ê¯»ÒË®±ä»ë×Ç£¬ËµÃ÷²úÉúÆøÌåÖꬶþÑõ»¯Ì¼¶øÖ¤Ã÷»ìºÏÎïÖк¬ÓÐ̼ËáÑΣ»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºb£»CO2+Ca£¨OH£©2=CaCO3¡ý+H2O£»
¢Ú»ìºÏÎïÖеĽðÊôпÄÜÓëÑÎËá·´Ó¦²úÉúÇâÆø£¬Òò´ËÐèÒª¼ìÑéÉú³ÉµÄ»ìºÏÆøÌåÀﺬÓÐÇâÆø£»¿ÉʹÓõãȼµÄ·½·¨¼ìÑéÇâÆøµÄ´æÔÚ£¬ÐèÒªÏÈ°ÑÆøÌåͨ¹ý±û¡¢¶¡×°ÖóýÈ¥»ìºÏÆøÌåÖеĶþÑõ»¯Ì¼£¬È»ºóÀûÓüº×°ÖðÑÆøÌåµãȼ£»Èç¹ûÆøÁ÷¹ý¼±£¬»ìºÏÆøÌåÖеĶþÑõ»¯Ì¼²»ÄÜÍêÈ«³ýȥʱ£¬»áÓ°ÏìÇâÆøµÄȼÉÕ£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºb¡úc¡úd¡úe¡úh£»»ìºÏÆøÌåÖеĶþÑõ»¯Ì¼Ã»Óгý¾¡£»
£¨5£©ÀûÓö¨Á¿µÄ·½·¨²â¶¨»ìºÏÎïµÄ³É·ÖµÄÖÊÁ¿£»¿Éͨ¹ý³ÆÁ¿±û¡¢¶¡×°Öòâ³öÉú³É¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼µÄÖÊÁ¿£¬¸ù¾Ý·´Ó¦µÄ³¥·½³Ìʽ¼ÆËã³ö»ìºÏÎïÖÐ̼ËáÄƵÄÖÊÁ¿£¬ÔÙ¶Ô±ÈËùÈ¡ÑùÆ·ÖÊÁ¿Óë̼ËáÄƵÄÖÊÁ¿£¬Ôò¿ÉÈ·¶¨»ìºÏÎïÖÐпµÄÖÊÁ¿£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º³Æ³ö±û¡¢¶¡×°ÖÃÔÚ·´Ó¦Ç°ºóµÄÖÊÁ¿£¬Çó³öÖÊÁ¿²î¼´ÎªCO2µÄÖÊÁ¿£»¸ù¾ÝCO2µÄÖÊÁ¿¿É¼ÆËã³öNa2CO3µÄÖÊÁ¿£¬ÔÙÓÉÑùÆ·ÖÊÁ¿ÓëNa2CO3µÄÖÊÁ¿¿ÉµÃпµÄÖÊÁ¿£®
µãÆÀ£ºÌ¼ËáÑÎÓëËá·´Ó¦²úÉúÆøÌå¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼£¬¿Éͨ¹ý³ÎÇåʯ»ÒË®¼ìÑé¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼ÆøÌ壬¶øÖ¤Ã÷̼ËáÑεĴæÔÚ£»ÊµÑéÊÒ³£Ê¹ÓÃÕâÖÖ·½·¨Ö¤Ã÷̼ËáÑΣ®
Á·Ï°²áϵÁдð°¸
Ïà¹ØÌâÄ¿