题目内容

【题目】下图是测定空气中氧气含量的实验装置图。

(1)该实验的成败关键有两点:燃烧匙内的红磷必须________酒精灯点燃红磷后,必须立即____________________________

(2)红磷燃烧时的现象为________________________________________

(3)实验过程中钟罩内水面逐渐______________________,该实验验证了__________________________

(4)若实验中红磷的量太少,测得氧气的体积分数会________。若钟罩的气密性不好,测得氧气的体积分数会________

(5)若实验结束,钟罩中水位上升不到预期位置,则实验失败的原因可能是:____________________(写出一点)

(6)利用红磷在空气中燃烧测定氧气含量的实验装置图,在实验中,钟罩内的水为什么先下降后上升?

________________________________________________________________________

【答案】(1)过量 将燃烧匙插入钟罩内并密封

(2)生成浓厚的白烟

(3)上升至1/5体积处 氧气约占空气总体积的1/5

(4)偏小 偏小

(5)红磷量不足(或没有冷却至室温,或装置气密性不好)

(6)因为红磷燃烧是放热反应,待燃烧完毕,装置内气体又冷却下来,根据热胀冷缩原理,钟罩内的水会先下降后上升

【解析】

试题分析:(1)测量空气中氧气含量时燃烧匙内的红磷必须过量;酒精灯点燃红磷后,必须立即将燃烧匙插入钟罩内并密封。

(2)红磷燃烧时的现象为剧烈燃烧,生成浓厚的白烟。

(3)实验过程中氧气逐渐被消耗,会观察到钟罩内水面逐渐上升至1/5体积处。该实验验证了氧气约占空气总体积的1/5

(4)若实验中红磷的量太少,有氧气未被反应掉,则测得氧气的体积分数会偏小。若钟罩的气密性不好而进入空气,则测得氧气的体积分数会偏小。

(5)红磷量不足(或没有冷却至室温,或装置气密性不好)均会使钟罩中水位上升不到预期位置。

(6)因为红磷燃烧是放热反应,待燃烧完毕,装置内气体又冷却下来。根据热胀冷缩原理会观察到钟罩内的水会先下降后上升。

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【题目】D

The Coca Cola Company has an invention—the “PlantBottle”. It is partly made from plants and can be recycled (循环). It shows how businesses can help to deal with the problem of climate (气候) change.

Now the UK has a new light bulb that can last 25 years or more. It is green and environment-friendly (环保的), and as bright as the old light bulbs, but it costs£30.

Good news for swimmers. Do you want to talk to your friends under the water? Rich Stachowski invented this Water Talky at the age of 10. This invention can amplify (扩大) voices underwater for up to 15 feet.

If you sit in a chair for too long or in a bad position (姿势), your back may begin to hurt. Now there is a new chair that can help you avoid that. It was developed by German scientists. It makes noises to tell users when they need to move.

1Which of the following statements is TRUE about the “PlantBottle”?

A. The bottle is completely made of plants. B. It was a product of the Coca Cola Company.

C. It costs much money. D. People can’t recycle it.

2The new light bulb     .

A. is brighter than the old ones B. isn’t good for the environment

C. can last at least 25 years D. can last less than 25 years

3The Water Talky was invented by     .

A. German scientists B. a young child C. a UK company D. some swimmers

4What will happen if you sit in the chair for too long?

A. Your head will hurt. B. You will be very nervous.

C. The chair will move. D. The chair will warn you to move.

5All the four inventions have something to do with     .

A. daily life B. the climate C. making money D. the environment

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