题目内容

【题目】地球仪和地图是学习地理的工具,是地理信息的载体。在教室里,有的同学在看地图,有的同学就有关地球和地图的知识向老师请教。据此并依照下图回答有关问题。(5分)

(1)看地图的同学,观察的是

A.法国地形图

B.俄罗斯矿产图

C.中国政区图

D.美国交通图

(2)地球仪上可以画出多少条纬线和经线? _______

(3)在地球仪上,可以“坐地日行八万里”的纬线是__________________。

(4)地球的自转方向是_____________,在北极上空观察地球的自转应是___________时针方向。

【答案】

1C

2)无数

3)赤道(或纬线)

4)自西向东

【解析】

试题分析:

(1)在庞大的地图家族中,有自然地图和社会经济地图。自然地图包括地形图、气候图、水文图、植被图等,社会经济地图包括工业图、农业图、商业图、交通图、人口分布图等。看地图的同学,观察的是中国政区图,故本题选C。

(2)在地球仪上垂直于地轴环绕地球仪一周的圆圈叫做纬线,所有纬线都互相平行,但长度不等,自赤道向南北两极逐渐递减,指示东西方向;连接南北两极的并同纬线垂直相交的半圆叫经线,所有的经线都等长,指示南北方向,地球仪上纬线和经线有无数条。

(3)现在人们对地球的形状已有了一个明确的认识:地球并不是一个正球体,而是一个两极稍扁,赤道略鼓的不规则球体。经过测量,地球的极半径为6357千米,赤道半径为6378千米,地球的平均半径为6371千米,最大周长约4万千米,地球表面积为5.1亿平方千米。在地球仪上,可以“坐地日行八万里”的纬线是赤道(或纬线)。

(4)地球不停地围绕地轴自西向东自转,如果我们站在北极上空俯视地球呈逆时针方向,站在南极上空俯视地球呈顺时针方向。

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【题目】阅读理解

A city without cars would be very strange,right?But Venice(威尼斯)is such a city.

Venice is in the northeast of Italy.It wasn’t built on land,like Beijing or Shanghai,but on more than 110 islands.Seawater is everywhere around the city.

Even so,travel isn’t that difficult.The waterways have always been the best way to get around.There are 117 waterways and more than 400 bridges that can lead you where you want to go.

People in Venice move from place to place by boat.They like to enjoy the scenery and cool summer nights while taking boat trips.They can talk to other people as they go along.

Venice grew out of small islands in saltwater lakes when some Italians escaped from a war more than 1,500 years ago,and built homes there.

Water makes the city special,but it is also a big problem.

Once,people used too much underground water.This made the city get lower little by little.Now the city has gone down by 23 centimeters.

Another problem is the rising seawater.The temperature has risen over the years.This has made the ice of Arctic Ocean(北冰洋)melt(融化).

Every year,high waters hit the city in autumn and winter.When a lot of water comes,more than half of the city is underwater.

Scientists are trying different ways to stop the city from getting even lower.

【1】According to the article,which picture shows the right position(位置)of Venice?

A.

B.

C.

D.

【2】Which is the most impossible way for people in Venice to get around in the passage?

A.On foot.

B.By boat.

C.By car.

D.By bike.

【3】Why is Venice still getting lower and lower?

A.Because too many people live there.

B.Because people used too much underground water.

C.Because lots of bridges have been built.

D.Because the underground water is rising.

【4】What seasons are dangerous for Venice because of high waters?

A.Summer and autumn.

B.Autumn and winter.

C.Summer and winter.

D.Spring and winter.

【5】The article is mainly about________.

A.the position of Venice

B.the history of Venice

C.the problem of Venice

D.the scenery of Venice

【题目】阅读理解

(2014山西)

What does it mean to be green“Green”is more than just a colorIt also means taking special steps to protect the environment—the waterthe landand the air we breatheWhy greenPlants are greenand without them the earth wouldn’t be such a lovely home for us human beings

Sometimes people call ours a“throw—away society”That means we are always throwing away old things and buying new onesMany timesif you no longer need somethingsomeone else just might need itFor exampleif your brother is old enough not to play with his plastic bikewhy not give it to another family who has a little kid so that they don’t need to buy oneAnd one less large plastic toy doesn’t need to be produced

Recycling(回收利用)has never been easierMany organizations will pick it up right in front of your house and some towns even require(要求)itTell your mom or dad you want to become“Chief of Recycling”for your familyNow that you know what things you can recyclefind a place to keep themMake sure you encourage everyone in your house to think whether things can be reused or recycled before they’re thrown away

Almost everyone likes travelingBut next time before you travel around the worldtake a look at your own backyardIs there a place where you could plant a tree or put in a little fruit or vegetable gardenIf soget there and get your hands dirtyThen you can watch with pride as your tree takes rootand your garden plants grow into big plants full of ripered tomatoes or tinyjuicy blueberriesWho knew being green would taste so good

1In the first paragraphthe writer introduces the topic of the passage by________

A. telling an interesting story

B. explaining the word“green”

C. giving some special examples

2In a“throwaway”society________

A. people shouldn’t produce any plastic things

B. people can get anything they want from others

C. people always throw away the used things and buy new ones

3To be“Chief of Recycling”you should________

A. recycle things all by yourself

B. ask your family to use the old things all the time

C. find a place to keep the things that can be recycled

4You are advised to run a fruit or vegetable garden in order to________

A. creat a green environment

B. make a lot of money

C. get your hands dirty

5The purpose of the passage is to tell us that________

A. we must enjoy nature

B. we had better eat more green food

C. we should protect our environment

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