[题目]某兴趣小组利用家中的材料研究影响物质溶解性的因素.实验步骤设计如下:Ⅰ．称取六份冰糖和一份食盐.每10g为一份.并将其中五份冰糖研磨成粉末．Ⅱ．按照下表进行实验第一组第二组第三组第四组实验温度20℃20℃20℃20℃20℃20℃80℃固体种类冰糖冰糖冰糖(粉末)冰糖(块状)冰糖食盐冰糖固体质量10g10g10g10g10g10g10g溶剂种类水植物油水水水水题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

【题目】某兴趣小组利用家中的材料研究影响物质溶解性的因素，实验步骤设计如下：

Ⅰ．称取六份冰糖和一份食盐，每10g为一份，并将其中五份冰糖研磨成粉末．

Ⅱ．按照下表进行实验（实验所需仪器略）

	第一组		第二组		第三组		第四组
实验温度	20℃	20℃	20℃	20℃	20℃	20℃	80℃
固体种类	冰糖	冰糖	冰糖（粉末）	冰糖（块状）	冰糖	食盐	冰糖
固体质量	10g	10g	10g	10g	10g	10g	10g
溶剂种类	水	植物油	水	水	水	水	水
溶剂质量	50g	50g	10g	10g	10g	10g	10g

请你对他们的实验设计进行分析：

（1）根据上述设计，你认为他们准备研究的影响因素是________________________________，其中不影响物质溶解性的因素是________________________________________．

（2）根据第四组实验与前三组实验的比较，你可以得到的结论是________________________．

（3）你认为第四组实验的设计是否会影响实验结论的得出，请简述理由：________________________________________________________________．

【答案】（1）固体种类、溶质颗粒的大小、温度、溶剂种类、溶剂质量溶质颗粒的大小、溶剂质量

（2）温度升高溶解速率加快

（3）不会影响，第四组可以与第二组或第三组中的冰糖溶解情况进行比较

【解析】（1）通过对实验设计表格的分析，重点是观察四组实验的条件发现探究的问题，主要有温度的改变，物质种类的改变，溶质状态的改变，溶剂质量的改变等，由于物质的溶解性是物质本身的一种属性，不受外界干扰，所以溶质的状态、溶剂的质量对物质溶解性无影响．

（2）物质由块状改为粉末状，会加快同一物质的溶解速率，使实验时间变短．

（3）第四组实验相对于第二组和第三组，主要是温度的改变，不会影响结论的得出．

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