McDonald's is the world single biggest food provider with annual sales of around $12.4bn. And the company's symbol Ronald McDonald is now （or so the company claims） the word's most recognized person after Santa Claus.

　　The first McDonald's restaurant was opened in San Bernardino, California, in 1948 by brothers Mac and Richard “Dick” McDonald. Mac ran the restaurant side; Dick was the marketing genius. He had already invented the drive-in laundry and had been the first person to use neon lights in advertising. Now he spotted the gap in the post-war, baby-boom market for cheap, family-orientated restaurants with simple menus, standardized food and efficient service.

　　After a slow start, business began to boom. By 1954, the brothers were joined by another entrepreneur, a kitchen equipment salesman called Ray A Kroc who owned the franchise to the Multimixer, milk shake maker used throughout the McDonald's chain. A year later, Kroc had bought the McDonald brothers' chain of 25 franchises for the equivalent of around $70m（￡44m）. Dick remained with the company until the Seventies, when he and Kroc fell out over Kroc's claim that the chain was his creation.

　　Today, an almost Stalinist cult of personality surrounds Kroc （who died in 1984） at McDonald's, while the brothers who gave the company its name have all but been written out of its history. But though Kroc did not found McDonald's, he was certainly responsible for the empire-building philosophy which led to its world domination. He ushered in such essential contributions to international cuisine as the Big Mac （1968） and the Egg McMuffin （1973）; and helped launch Ronald McDonald —— “in any language he means fun” —— on to television in 1963.

　　Every three hours, a new McDonald's franchise opens somewhere in the world; it can be found in more than 100 countries including India （vegetarian-only to avoid offending the non-beef-eating populace） and Israel （non kosher, despite fierce local objection）. McDonald's chain embodied the thrusting, can-do spirit of Fifties America with staff mottoes such as “If you've got time to lean, you've go time to clean.”

1. McDonald's was founded _____.

A. by a kitchen equipment salesman

B. in California.

C. by a marketing genius called Dick McDonald.

D. after the first World War.

2.What do we know about McDonald's brothers?

A. They were not McDonald's founders although they named the restaurant.

B. Their business was still in depression after several years.

C. They had clear job separation on business.

D. They sold their restaurant to a salesman in 1954.

3. Which is not Kroc's contribution to McDonald's ?

A. He launched the restaurant image Ronald McDonald on to television.

B. Under his lead, international cuisine as the Big Mac and the Egg McMuffin earned worldwide fame

C. He spotted the gap in postwar market for cheap, family-orientated restaurants.

D. He built McDonald's empire with a philosophy which led to its world domination.

4.Which statement is true according to the passage?

A. The single biggest food provider was however, not named after its founder

B. The international cuisine as the Big Mac, a beef hamburger, is provided every chain restaurant in the world.

C. Employees in McDonald's have no time to lean.

D. The symbol Ronald McDonald, means fun in any language, is said to the word most recognized person after Santa Claus.

[1] Usually, when your teacher asks a question, there is only one correct answer. But there is one question that has millions of correct answers. That question is “What’s your name?” Everyone gives a different answer, but everyone is correct. Have you ever wondered about people’s names? Where do they come from? What do they mean?

[2] People’s first names, or given names, are chosen by their parents. Sometimes the name of a grandparent or other member of the family is used. Some parents ______________________. A boy could be named George Washington Smith; a girl could be named Helen Keller Jones.

[3] Some people give their children names that mean good things. Clara means “bright”; Beatrice means “one who gives happiness”; Donald means “world ruler”; Leonard means “as brave as a lion”.

[4] The earliest last names, or surnames, were taken from place names. A family with the name Brook or Brooks probably lived near a brook(小溪)；someone who was called Longstreet probably lived on a long, paved road. The Greenwood family lived in or near a leafy forest.

[5] Other early surnames came from people’s occupations. The most common occupational name is Smith, which means a person who makes things with iron or other metals. In the past, smiths were very important workers in every town and village. Some other occupational names are: Carter — a person who owned or drove a cart; Potter —a person who made pots and pans.

[6] The ancestors of the Baker family probably baked bread for their neighbors in their native village. The Carpenter’s great-great-great-grandfather probably built houses and furniture.

[7] Sometimes people were known for the color of their hair or skin, or their size, or their special abilities. When there were two men who were named John in the same village, the John with the gray hair probably became John Gray. Or the John who was very tall could call himself John Tallman. John Fish was probably an excellent swimmer and John Lightfoot was probably a fast runner or a good dancer.

[8] Some family names were made by adding something to the father’s name. English-speaking people added –s or –son. The Johnsons are descendants of John; the Roberts family’s ancestor was Robert. Irish and Scottish people added Mac or Mc or O. Perhaps all of the MacDonnells and the McDonnells and the O’Donnells are descendants of the same Donnell.

1．What is the best title of the passage?  （Within 10 words）

2．Please fill in the blank in the 2nd paragraph with proper words to complete the sentence. 

　 （Within 10 words.）

3．According to the passage, what job did the ancestors of the Potter family most probably do?

4．List two aspects that the surnames cover in the passage.

　 1) 　　　　　　　　　　　 2） 　　　　　　　　　　　

5．Translate the underlined sentence in the 7th paragraph into Chinese.

He has vowed that he will not stop building his business until it is worth ?100 million. But hard-working Owens can stop for at least a moment's celebration after making his first ?1 million at the age of 16. Owens, who has used a computer since the age of seven, began teaching himself basic web design at the age of ten when he was given his first Mac computer. He used his pocket money to fund his first business project, website Mac Box Bundle at just 14 which has made ?700,000 since its establishment in 2008. Mac Box Bundle sells a combination of popular Mac applications which are worth up to $400 together for under just $100 and donates 10 percent of the money to charities.

He then established an advertising company Branchr a year later and worked on the business after school and at weekends. Branchr made a surprising ?500,000 in its first year. Branchr works as a platform for website owners to sell advertising.

Owens, from Northampton, currently employs eight staff---all adults---around the UK and America as sales and technical assistants. The young man lives with his parents. His mother who is a company secretary said he was inspired to go into business after observing the huge success achieved by Apple's chief executive officers(首席执行官) Steve Jobs.

Owens said, "I think everyone has business sense in them, and they just need to gain experience and be determined to make it. There is no magical formula(法则) for business, It takes hard work, determination and the drive to do something great. My aim is to become a leading name in the world of Internet and mobile advertising and push myself right to the top of the game.

The teenager insists his professional success has not affected his personal life, and says his interests include photography and playing the guitar. "My friends and I don't really talk about my success. To them I'm just a normal teenager and it doesn't change anything between us."

46. What can we know from Paragraph 1?

A. Owens' company is worth ?1 million now

B. Owens learned to use computers at the age of 10

C. Owens made ?700,000 from Mac Box Bundle in 2008

D. Owens is successful and enthusiastic about public welfare

47. From Paragraph 2 we know that Branchr _____________.

A. takes up all Owens' spare time　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　

B. offers a platform for advertising business

C. designs practical software for website owners　　　

D. takes up advertising business for Nac Box Bundle

48. Why did Owens come up with the idea of doing business?

A. Because eight adults were ready to help　　　　　

B. Because it was easy to establish web companies

C. Because his parents wanted him to have a try　

D. Because he drew inspiration from Steve jobs

49. Owens tends to think that ____________.

A. every person has potential talent for business　

B. getting experienced in business needs determination

C. it is hard work for people to decide to do something great

D. he is sure to play a leading part in the world of the Internet

50. What do Ownes' friends think about him?

A. He sets a good example.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

B. He does quite well in music.

C. He is a common school boy.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

D. He puts friendship above anything else.

B

In 1939 two brothers , Mac and Dick DmcDonald , started a drive –in restaurant in Sna Bemadino , California . They carefully chose a busy corner for their location . They had run their own businesses for years , first a theater , then a barbecue restaurant , then a barbecue restaurant , then another drive-in . But in their new operation , they offered a new , shortened menu: French fries , hamburgers , and sodas . To this minimal selection they added one new concept : quick service , o waiters or waitresses , and no tips .

Their hamburgers sold for fifteen cents . Cheese was another four cents . Their French fries and hamburgers had a remarkable uniformity (相同性) , for the brothers had developed a strict routine for the preparation of their food , and they insisted on their cook’s sticking to the routine . Their new drive-in became incredibly (非常地) popular , particularly for lunch . People rove up by the hundreds during the busy noontime . The self-service restaurant was so popular that the brothers had allowed ten copies of their restaurant to be opened ; they were content with this small success until they met Ray Kroc .

Kroc was a salesman who met the McDonald brothers in 1954, when he was selling milk shake mixing machines . He quickly saw the unmatched appeal of the brother’s fast food restaurant and bought the right to franchise (出售特许权) other copies of their restaurants . The agreement signed included the right to copy the men , the equipment , and even their red and white buildings with the golden arches .

Twenty years after the day Ray Kroc watched people rush up to order fifteen –cent hamburgers , McDonalds had over $ 1 billion in total sales a year . today McDonalds is a world famous name . Its first twenty-two years is one of the most incredible success stories I modern  American business history .

59．Mac and Dick McDonald had experience in managing all of the following business except         .

      A．a theater B．a drive –in      C．an ice-cream shop　　D．a barbecue restaurant

60．What is this passage mainly about ?

       A．Ray Kroc’s business abilities .

       B．The development of fast-food service .

       C．The business careers of Mac and Dick McDonald .

       D．How McDonalds became a billion-dollar business .

61．How did the McDonald brothers keep the uniformity o f the hamburgers ?

       A．They asked help from Ray Kroc .

       B．They allowed other copies of their restaurant .

       C．They had strict rules for the preparation of the food .

       D．They added a new concept to the selection of the food .

62．We can conclude from this passage that         .

       A．Ray Kroc was a good businessman

       B．forty years ago there were a lot of fast-food restaurants

       C．Mac and Dick McDonald never became wealthy because they sold their idea to Ray Kroc

       D．The location the McDonalds chose was the only source of the great popularity of their

drive-in