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A person may have an idea about himself that will prevent him from doing good work. He may have the belief that he is not capable of it. A child may think he is 1 because he doesn’t understand how to make the 2 of his mental faculties (才能). Older people may be mistaken that they are incapable of learning things new because of their 3 .
A person who believes that he is incapable will not make a real 4 because he feels that it would be useless. He won’t go at a job with the confidence necessary for 5 , and he won’t work his hardest way, even though he may think he is doing so. He is 6 likely to fail, and the failure will 7 his belief in his incompetence (无能).
Alfred Alder, a famous doctor, had 8 like this . When he was a small boy, he had a poor 9 in maths. His teacher told his parents he had no ability in maths in order that they would not 10 too much of him. In his way, they two 11 the idea. He accepted 12 mistaken thinking of his ability, felt that it was useless 13 and was very poor at maths, 14 as they expected.
One day he worked at a problem which 15 of the other students had been able to solve.
Alder 16 in solving the problem. This gave him confidence. He now 17 with interest, determination and purpose, and he soon became especially good at maths. He not only 18 that he could learn maths well, but luckily he learnt 19 in his life from his own experience that if a person goes at a job with determination and purpose, he may 20 himself as well as others by his ability.
1. A. clever B. shy C. useless D. stupid
2. A. biggest B. most C. highest D. deepest
3. A. ability B. age C. brain D. knowledge
4. A. decision B. success C. effort D. trouble
5. A. work B. study C. improvement D. success
6. A. truly B. really C. however D. therefore
7. A. lead to B. strengthen C. increase D. add to
8. A. an experience B. an example C. a thought D. a story
9. A. state B. mind C. start D. ending
10. A. blame B. expect C. get D. win
11. A. developed B. organized C. discovered D. found
12. A. his B. her C. its D. their
13. A. managing B. succeeding C. trying D. acting
14. A. only B. almost C. just D. then
15. A. none B. no C. no one D. nobody
16. A. gave B. succeeded C. failed D. believed
17. A. lived B. worked C. played D. graduated
18. A. made B. took C. expected D. proved
19. A. early B. deeply C. late D. simple
20. A. encourage B. love C. astonish D. disappoint
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Direction：Read the following passage．Fill in the numbered blanks by using the information from the passage．Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer．
Many young people in the United States never finish high school．Exactly how many drop out is another problem．Recent studies of dropout rates have had conflicting results．
For one thing, schools measure their dropout rates differently．Some researchers say that about 15 to 20 percent of public school students do not complete their education．But many other experts and policymakers believe that for the past twenty years, the dropout rate has been around 30 percent．For Latino and black students, the numbers are even higher．Researchers say almost half of them leave school．
At the same time, almost half the states let students leave school before the age of 18 without informing their parents．Recent studies have shown that the majority of students who drop out do not do it because they are always failing．Many are bored with their classes or feel disconnected from their school and teachers．Some students feel that educators place low expectations on them．Teen pregnancies also add to the dropout problem．
Finding a good job without a high school education is more and more difficult．A Northeastern University study in 2002 found that almost half of all dropouts aged from 16 to 24 did not have a job．The lack of a high school education can also lead to other problems．An estimated two-thirds of prisoners in the United States dropped out of high school．
During the past twenty years, there have been efforts to increase graduation rates through education reforms．Some communities are working on dropout prevention programs, including different high schools to meet special needs．Some programs, for example, provide free transportation and childcare to help young mothers and fathers finish school．
Experts suggest "early warning systems" to help find young schoolchildren at risk of dropping out of high school．They say schools also need to have more contact with parents, especially if their children are missing school often．
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