NOTICE 

DO NOT FISH FOR FOOD,  FISHERMAN!

FOR YOUR OWN HEALTH              

FISH FROM THESE WATERS SHOULD NOT BE EATEN              

BECAUSE OF MERCURY (水银)  POLLUTION     

Office of Land and Forests

1.Where would people see the notice?

A．On a fish farm                          B．At a local office

C．In a fish market                         D．On the office walls

2.The notice tells people___________.

A．not to fish from these waters

B．not to put mercury into these waters

C．not to cook the fish they catch here

D．not to go near these waters

3.The notice is given because ___________.

A．the land and forest are polluted by mercury

B．it is right to catch fish from these waters

C．people may be ill by eating the fish they catch

D．these waters are full of dirty things

4.After the fisherman read the notice, they will feel____________.

A．happy            B．excited           C．interested         D．disappointed

Frank Woolworth was born in Rodman, New York., in 1852. His family were very poor farmers, and there was never enough to eat. Frank decided he did not want to be farmer. He took a short business course, and went to work as a salesman in a large city.

Woolworth realized he had a natural skill for showing goods to attract people’s interest, but he soon learned something more important. One day his boss told him to sell some odds and ends (小商品 ) for as much as he could get. Frank put all these things on one table with a sign which said FIVE CENTS EACH. People fought and pushed to buy the things and the table was soon cleared.

Soon afterwards, Woolworth opened his own store., selling goods at five and ten cents. But he had another lesson to learn before he became successful. That is, if you want to make money by selling low-price goods, you have to buy them in large quantities directly form the factories. Once, for example, Woolworth went to Germany and placed an order for knives. The order was so large that the factory had to keep running 24 hours a day for a whole year. In this way, the price of the knives was cut down by half.

By 1919, Woolworth had over 1000 stores in the US and Canada, and opened his first store in London. He made many millions and his name became famous throughout the world. He always run his business according to strict rules, of which the most important was: “ THE CUSTOMER IS ALWAYS RIGHT.”

1.Frank took a short business course in order to ____________.

   A. earn more money for his family    B. learn something from a salesman

   C. get away from the farm           D. get enough to eat.

2.Frank sold the odds and ends quickly because _____________.

   A. he knew how to get people to buy his goods.

B. he cut down the price by half

   C. he had put the goods on a table in a very nice way.

   D. the sign he put on the table was well designed.

3.The price of the knives was cut down by half because ______________.

   A. the factory workers worked 24 hours a day.

   B. knives were ordered in large quantities directly from the factory.

   C. the knives were made in Germany, where labour (劳动力) was cheap.

   D. the knives were produced in one factory.

4._____________ make Woolworth a world-famous man.

   A. His business skills and his wealth.

B. The low price of the goods he sold.

   C. His trip to Germany and his huge order of knives.   

D. His natural skill for showing things.

5.The belief that : “ The customer is always right” suggests that _______________.

   A. whenever there is a quarrel between the customer and shop assistant, the customers are always right.

   B. If you want to succeed, the rule is the only way.

   C. stores must always follow the customer’s orders if they want to make more money.

   D. stores should do their best to meet the customer’s needs if they want to be successful.

I was 14 when Mr. Ingram hired me as a farmhand. It was the first time I was actually      for work. One day Mr. Ingram found an old truck that was      in the soft,sandy soil of our field. It was full of melons that someone had tried to      from our farm before his truck got caught in the mud.

    Mr. Ingram explained that the truck’s owner would be       soon, and he wanted me to watch and learn. It wasn’t long       a local guy with a terrible reputation for fighting and stealing showed up with his two fully-grown sons. They looked really       .

    Calmly Mr. Ingram said, “Well, I see you want to       some watermelons from us.”

There was a long       before the man answered, “Yeah, I guess so. What are you       for them?”

“Twenty-five cents each.”

“Well, I suppose that would be       enough if you help me get my truck out of here,” the man said.

It turned out to be our biggest sale of the summer, and an awful, perhaps violent incident had been      . After they left, Mr. Ingram smiled and said to me, “Son, if you don’t forgive your     , you’re going to run out of friends.”

1.A．trusted          B．ready          C．paid          D．offered

2.A．stuck            B．broken         C．deserted       D．lost

3.A．remove           B．steal          C．sell           D．hide

4.A．purchasing       B．bargaining        C．returning       D．searching

5.A．till             B．before           C．that           D．since

6.A．astonished       B．anxious                  C．familiar       D．angry

7.A．borrow         B．buy             C．steal          D．carry

8.A．break          B．discussion        C．watching       D．silence

9.A．getting           B．offering          C．paying         D．finding

10.A．necessary         B．helpful           C．easy          D．fair

11.A．stopped           B．avoided          C．handled       D．taught

12.A．mistakes          B．neighbors        C．enemies        D．Melons

Technology has been an encouragement of historical change. It acted as such a force in England beginning in the eighteenth century, and across the entire Western World in the nineteenth. Rapid advances were made in the use of scientific findings in the manufacture (制造) of goods, which has changed ideas about work. One of the first changes was that other forms of energy have taken the place of human power. Along with this came the increased use of machines to manufacture products in less time. People also developed machines that could produce the same parts for a product: each nail was exactly like every other nail, meaning that each nail could be changed for every other nail. This means that goods could be mass production, although mass production required breaking production down into smaller and smaller tasks.

Once this was done, workers no longer started on the product and labored to complete it. Instead, they might work only one thousandth of it, other workers completing their own parts in certain order. There is nothing strange about this manufacturing work by today's standards. Highly skilled workers were unable to compare with the new production techniques, as mass production allowed goods of high standard to be produced in greater number than could ever be done by hand. But the skilled worker wasn't the only loser, the common workers lost too. Similar changes forced farmer away. The increased mechanization (机械化) of agriculture freed masses of workers from ploughing the land and harvesting its crops. They had no choice but to stream toward the rapidly developing industrial centers. Increasingly, standards were set by machines. Workers no longer owned their own tools, their skill was no longer valued, and pride in their work was no longer possible. Workers fed, looked after and repaired the machines that could work faster than humans at greatly reduced cost.

1.In this passage, which of the following is NOT considered as a change caused by the use of scientific findings in the production of goods?

A．Other forms of energy have taken the place of human power.

B．The increased exploitation (剥削)of workers in the 19th century.

C．The increased use of machines to make products in less time.

D．The use of machines producing parts of the same standard.

2.The underlined word “this ”in the second paragraph refers to the change that ______

A．each nail could be taken the place of by every other nail

B．each nail was exactly like every other nail

C．producing tasks became smaller and smaller

D．goods could be mass produced

3.According to the writer, highly skilled workers ______

A．completely disappeared with the coming of the factory system

B．were dismissed(解散) by the boss

C．were unable to produce goods of high standard

D．were unable to produce fine goods at that same speed as machines

4.According to the passage, what did the farmers have to do with the coming of mechanization of agriculture?

A. Many of them had to leave their farmland for industrial centers.

B. They stuck to their farm work.

C. They refused to use machines.

D They did their best to learn how to use the machines.

Recently, some concerns have been raised about the health of the world's banana plants. Many media reports have said that bananas may completely disappear in the coming ten years.

Bananas are one of the world's most important food crops. They are also the fourth most valuable export. Bananas do not grow from seeds. Instead, they grow from existing plants. Bananas are threatened by disease because all the plants on a farm are copies of each other. They all share the same genetic weaknesses.

For example, the Cavendish banana is most popular in American markets. It is an important export crop. However, some kinds of fungus (真菌) organisms easily infect the Cavendish. Black Sigatoka disease affects the leaves of Cavendish banana plants. The disease is controlled on large farms by putting chemicals on the plant's leaves. Farmers put anti-fungal chemicals on their crops up to once a week.

Another fungal disease is more serious. Panama disease attacks the roots of the banana plant. There is no chemical treatment for this disease. Infected plants must be destroyed. Panama disease has affected crops in Southeast Asia, Australia and South Africa. There is concern that it may spread to bananas grown in the Americas. This could threaten an important export product for Central and South America.

The International Network for the Improvement of Banana and Plantain, whose headquarter lies in France, supports research on bananas. The group says that more research must be done to develop improved kinds of bananas.

The group says that fungal diseases mainly affect only one kind of banana. In fact, there are five-hundred different kinds of bananas. The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization says the Cavendish banana represents only ten percent of world production.

The UN agency says farmers should grow different kinds of bananas. This protects against diseases that affect only one kind. Experts warn that disease may cause the Cavendish banana to disappear. This has already happened to one popular banana because of its genetic weakness against disease. (words: 335)

1.What does the passage mainly tell us?

A．Bananas are the world’s most important food crops.

B．There are five hundred different kinds of bananas.

C．The risk to a popular banana shows need to grow other kinds.

D．How to grow bananas in different countries.

2.Bananas are threatened by diseases because ___­­­­­­_______.

A．they have genetic weaknesses against disease.

B．they are one of the most valuable exports.

C．the only way to prevent it is to put chemicals on their leaves.

D．they grow from the seed

3.Panama disease__________.

A．doesn’t belong to fungal disease.

B．has spread to bananas in the world.

C．affects the leaves of banana plants.

D．destroys the bananas more seriously than Black Sigatoka disease.

4.We can infer from Paragraph 6 that ____________.

A．the center of the group is in the US.

B．the key to solving the disease is to research all kinds of bananas.

C．the Cavendish banana covers only a small part of the output of bananas.

D．each fungal disease affects five hundred different kinds of bananas.

5.According to the passage, which information is right?

A．The Cavendish banana can be mainly imported from North America and Europe.

B．Fungal diseases mainly affect the Cavendish banana.

C．The Cavendish banana won’t die out in the future.

D．Panama disease affects the leaves of banana plants.