摘要:It will be many years before the chemicals start to escape from the containers . 要过很多年.容器里的化学物质才会开始流出. 该句中before 译为“在之后 . e.g . It was three months before she returned to her hometown. 三个月之后她才返回家乡. 注意:在翻译含有before 从句的句子时.要注意汉语的译法. e.g. Before I could get in a word ,she had left without saying a word . 我还没来得及插话她便什么也没说走了. It was not long before the whole country rose up . 没过多久.全国就举行了起义 翻译下列各句.注意before的译法:

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听力

第一节

听下面5段对话,每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

W:Did the thief get away?

M:Yes.No one realized what was happening and the thief was able to get away.

1.Why was the thief able to get away?

A.Because nobody noticed that something had been stolen.

B.Because the thief had managed to run away before people came.

C.Because the thief ran so fast that nobody could catch him.

M:Tom loves parties.I’m sure he would have come to the party if he’d been invited.

W:I agree.He couldn’t have been invited.

2.What are they talking about?

A.The party they went to.

B.Tom’s absence from the party.

C.Whether to invite Tom to the party.

W:I wonder what’s on television this evening.Have you got a newspaper?

M:Yes.The TV programmes are on the back page.

3.Why does the woman want to have a look at the newspaper?

A.To learn what programmes will be shown on TV.

B.To get to know the leatest news.

C.To look at TV set advertisements.

W:Is that your sister’s fur coat?

M:It can’t be hers.She never wears real fur.

4.What are they talking about?

A.An overcoat.

B.A phone call.

C.A fur coat.

M:Jane’s a very bright girl, isn’t she?

W:Yes.I wouldn’t work here if I were as bright as she is.

M:What would you do instead?

W:I’d get a job doing something exciting, where I’d meet interesting people and visit lots of different places.

5.What the woman would do if she was as bright as Jane?

A.She would find a more interesting job.

B.She would visit lots of different places.

C.She would meet interesting people.

第二节

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料,回答第6~7题。

M:Have you seen James’ new jacket? I bet(敢断定)it was expensive.

W:He told me it cost him $500.

M:I wish I were as rich as James.

W:Well, you may not be rich, but you’re much better looking than James.

M:Am I?

6.How much does James’ jacket cost?

A.$400.

B.$500.

C.$600.

7.What can be inferred from the conversation?

A.The man is as rich as James.

B.The man is much better off than James.

C.The man is pleased to hear what the woman says.

听第7段材料,回答第8~11题。

Hi Bill.This is Louisa.I’m just calling to let you know that I’ll be a little late to your party tomorrow night.I have to put in a few extra hours at work to finish a report.I should finish sometimes between seven and eight though.Oh, then I’m planning on dropping by(顺便去)Lisa’s house for about an hour since she’s been sick recently.And, uh, one more thing.I’ll go home to pick up the snacks(小吃, 快餐)for the party.See you then.

8.Why will Louisa go to Bill’s house tomorrow?

A.To attend a party.

B.To meet an old friend.

C.To have dinner with Bill.

9.Why does Louisa have to work late?

A.She has to attend a meeting.

B.She has to finish a report.

C.She has to write a letter.

10.Why is Louisa going to visit Lisa after work?

A.Because Lisa is sick in bed.

B.Because she has to return something.

C.Because she is going to take Lisa to Bill’s house.

11.About what time will Louisa most likely arrive at Bill’s house?

A.7∶00 pm.

B.8∶00 pm.

C.9∶00 pm.

听第8段材料,回答第12~14题。

M:Hi.I don’t think we’ve met.My name’s Tom.

W:Hi, Tom.Nice to meet you.My name is Juanita, but everybody calls me Jenny.

M:Nice to meet you, Jenny.So, where are you from?

W:Well, originally I’m from England, but we moved to the United States when I was about five years old.My parents now live in Chile(智利).That’s where they first met.How about you, Tom?

M:I was born in California(加利福尼亚), and we lived there until I was seven.Then, since my father worked for the military(军队), we moved all over the place.

W:Oh, yeah? Where are some of the places you’ve lived?

M:Mostly, we were overseas.We spent a total of ten years in Korea(朝鲜), Germany, and Japan.We were transferred(转移, 调职, 调动)back to the States three years ago.

W:Wow.It sounds like you’ve had an interesting life.So, what do you do now?

M:I’m a student at Rider University.

W:Oh really? What are you studying?

M:I’m majoring in physics.How about you? What do you do?

W:Well, I’m working as a sales representive(代表, 代理人)for Vega Computers(维加电脑公司)downtown.

M:Oh, really? My brother works there too.

12.Where is the woman from originally?

A.England.

B.The United States.

C.Chile.

13.When did the man and his parents return to the United States?

A.When the boy was 7 years old.

B.When the boy was 10 years old.

C.When the boy was 17 years old.

14.What is the man studying?

A.Physics.

B.Maths.

C.Biology.

听第9段材料,回答第15~17题。

W:Hey Taxi! Ah great.Thanks for pulling over(停下).

M:Where do?

W:Well, I am going to the National Museum of Art(国家艺术馆), and…

M:Sure.No problem.

W:Uh, excuse me, how long does it take to get there?

M:Well, that all depends on the traffic, but it shouldn’t take more than twenty minutes for the average driver.And I’m not average, so we should be able to get there in less than twelve minutes.

W:Okay.Uh, sorry for asking, but do you have any idea how much it will be?

M:Oh, it shouldn’t be more than $18…not including a…uh-hum…a tip of course.

W:Oh, and by the way, do you know what time the museum closes?

M:Well, I would guess around 6∶00 o’clock.

W:Uh, do you have the time?

M:Yeah.It’s half past four.

W:Thanks.

15.For the average driver how long does it take to get to the National Museum of Art?

A.More than 20 minutes.

B.About 20 minutes.

C.About 12 minutes.

16.According to the driver how long does it take them to get to the museum?

A.12 minutes.

B.Less than 12 minutes.

C.A bit more than 12 minutes.

17.Which of the following is TRUE?

A.The driver is not sure what time the museum closes.

B.The woman can not get to the museum before it closes.

C.The woman wants to know how much she should pay for visiting the museum.

听第10段材料,回答第18~20题。

W:Hello.Today I’m interviewing Josha on his experiences going to a Japanese school.Now Josha, what time do you go to school?

M:Eight o’clock.

W:Eight o’clock.And do you go by yourself, or on a school bus?

M:No, I have a group that goes with me.

W:So you go with a group?

M:Uh-huh.

W:Now what kinds of things do you take to school?

M:I take my gym clothes(运动服), and I take my backpack(背包、双肩背书包)and my books, and stuff(东西)like that.

W:Okay and what is the first thing you do when you get to school?

M:We do “kiritsu, rei”.

W:We do “kiritsu” and “rei”.Now what are those?

M:It means “stand up, bow”.

W:Stand up and bow.

M:Uh-huh.

18.What kind of school does the boy go to?

A.A middle school.

B.An English school.

C.A Japanese school.

19.How does the boy go to school?

A.By himself.

B.By school bus.

C.With other boys and girls.

20.What do the students first do when they get to school?

A.Stand up and bow.

B.Line up and enter the classroom.

C.Do reading aloud.

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Researchers at Yale, Texas A&M and Boston University predict that by 2030 urban areas will expand by more than 463,000 square miles, or l.2 million square kilometers. That is equal to 20,000 American football fields becoming urban every day for the first three decades of this century.
The growth in urban areas will go with the construction of roads and buildings, water and sanitation facilities, and energy and transport systems that will transform land cover and cities globally. Recent estimates suggest that between $25 trillion(万亿) and $30 trillion will be spent on infrastructure(基础设施) worldwide by 2030, with $100 billion a year in China alone.
"Considering the long life and near unavoidability of infrastructure investments, it will be critical for current urbanization-related policies to consider their lasting impacts," said Karen Seto, lead author of the study. "We have a huge opportunity to shape how cities develop and their environmental  impacts."
Nearly half of the increase in high-probability ----defined as greater than 75 percent ---- urban expansion is forecasted to occur in Asia, with China and India absorbing 55 percent of the regional total. In China, urban- expansion is expected to create a l,l00-mile coastal urban corridor from Hangzhou to Shenyang. In India, urban expansion will be gathered around seven state capital cities, with large areas of low-probability growth forecasted for the Himalaya region where many small villages and towns currently exist.
Africa's urban land cover will grow the fastest, at 590 percent above the 2000 level of 16,000 square miles. Urban expansion win be concentrated in that continent's five regions: the Nile River in Egypt; the coast of West Africa on the Gulf of Guinea; the northern shores of Lake Victoria in Kenya and Uganda and extending into Rwanda and Burundi; the Kano region in northern Nigeria; and greater Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
"Urban expansion is concentrated in. only a few areas where there are large cities and industry," said Seto. "From the northern shore of Lake Victoria down to Rwanda is also a major hotspot of urban expansion."
In North America, where 78 percent of the total population lives in urban areas, urban land cover will nearly double by 96,000 square miles by 2030.The study also forecasts that 48 of the 221 countries in the study will experience insignificant amounts of urban expansion. "
【小题1】As for China, the expansion of urban area means          .

A.$ 100 billion will be spent on infrastructure a year
B.creating a coastal urban corridor from Hangzhou to Qingdao
C.it will become the fastest developing country in the next decade
D.it will make up 55% of the increase in urban expansion in Asia
【小题2】According to the passage infrastructure doesn't include          .
A.construction of roadsB.sanitation facilities
C.energy systemsD.land cover transformation
【小题3】In paragraph three the underlined word “their lasting impacts” refers to the impacts of           .
A.the development of cities B.urbanization-related policies
C.infrastructure in vestmentsD.China’s expansion of urban area
【小题4】The best title for this passage should be                  .
A.The limitation of urban expansion
B.More investment on infrastructure
C.The fast development of the third world
D.The future urban expansion of the world

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