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Humpback whales
| Humpback whales are sometimes called performers of the ocean. This is because they can make impressive movements when they dive. The name “humpback”, which is the common name for this whale, refers to the typical curve shape the whale’s back forms as it dives. Sometimes the humpback will dive with a fantastic movement, known as a breach. During breaching the whale uses its powerful tail flukes to lift nearly two-thirds of its body out of the water in a giant leap. A breach might also include a sideways twist with fins stretched out like wings, as the whale reaches the height of the breach. A humpback whale breathes air at the surface of the water through two blowholes which are located near the top of the head. It blows a double stream of water that can rise up to 4 meters above the water. The humpback has a small dorsal fin located towards the tail flukes about two-thirds of the way down its back. Other distinguishing features include large pectoral fins, which may be up to a third of the body length, and unique black, and white spots on the underside of the tail flukes. These markings are like fingerprints: no two are the same. Humpback whales live in large groups. They communicate with each other through complex “songs”. | Quick Facts | |
| Size: | 14m~18m in length 30~50 tons in weight | |
| Living environment: | Open ocean and shallow coastline waters | |
| Migration: | From warm tropical (热带的) waters, where they breed, to cold polar waters, where they eat. | |
| Diet: | Shellfish, plants and fish of small size | |
| Hunting: | Sometimes in groups, in which several whales form a circle under the water, blowing bubbles that form a “net” around a school of fish. The fish are then forced up to the surface in a concentrated mass. | |
| Current state: | Endangered: it is estimated that there are about 5000~7000 humpback whales worldwide. | |
【小题1】According to Quick Facts, a humpback whale ______.
| A．cannot survive in waters near the shore | B．doesn’t live in the same waters all the time |
| C．lives mainly on underwater plants | D．prefers to work alone when hunting food |
| A．use its tail flukes to leap out of the water | B．twist its body sideways to jump high. |
| C．blow two streams of water | D．communicate with a group of humpbacks. |
| A．has its unique markings on it tail flukes | B．has black and white fingerprints |
| C．gets its name from the way it hunts | D．is a great performer due to its songs |
Beach volleyball is one of those sports that can be an exciting game to play and watch, or, can just be about some friends getting together to have a great time. It’s really easy, and all you need is sand, a net and a group of people, of any age or fitness level, who want to have fun.
Beach volleyball can be played with as few as two people on each team, making a total of four people. However, if you are less skilled and experienced in the game, it will be easier to play with a larger team. The more players you have, the less ground each person will be responsible(负责)for covering and the more time they will have to recover in between shots. If you only have a few players, each of you will get quite a workout running for the ball after each volley. If you are looking for that relaxing, fun, low-key experience, choose larger teams.
Beach volleyball is similar(相似)to regular volleyball in its rules. However, even experienced volleyball players do not realize how much more difficult it is to run and jump on sand. Since it is harder to move quickly on sand than a hard ground, play will be much slower than regular volleyball on a playground. When a player trains for beach volleyball, he will focus(专注)on building lower body strength as well as upper body. While he needs to be able to hit the ball with a great deal of power and accuracy(准确性), strengthening his legs is extremely important.
Whether you are in it for the competition, or just to have a great time with your friends, beach volleyball can be very exciting and fun. You may even start out with friends and fall in love with the sport.
1.When you join a large beach volleyball team, you’ll_________.
A．have as many shots as possible B．improve your volleyball skills
C．be responsible for more ground D．feel light-hearted(轻松)while playing
2.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．You can hit the ball with much less power when playing beach volleyball.
B．The playground size of beach volleyball is much larger than that of regular volleyball.
C．You can run more quickly when you are playing regular volleyball.
D．The rules of beach volleyball are totally different from those of regular volleyball.
3.What does the writer think of beach volleyball?
A．It is a difficult sport to learn.
B．It is a very exciting and interesting sport.
C．It is a sport which needs less power.
D．It is a sport which needs more skills.
4.Why is it much slower to play beach volley ball than regular volleyball? Because _________.
A．it is not an easy job to move on sand
B．it is a workout running for the ball
C．it is usually a larger team
D．the beach volleyball is heavier
5.The passage mainly tells us _________.
A．the game of beach volleyball
B．how to become an excellent volleyball player
C．why beach volleyball is one of exciting sports
D．what we should pay attention to when playing beach volleyball
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The issue of privacy versus openness is a paradox, particularly when it comes to the American home. “Lots” or “yards” (gardens) can be large and many are not enclosed by the walls, fences or hedges so popular in other cultures. Similarly, “window treatments” frame the window. but the use of European-style net curtains to screen out nosy neighbors is rare. In the same style, first-time visitors to an American home may be proudly given the full tour; even walk-in closets and en suite bathrooms are not considered off-limits. They may also be encouraged to help themselves to a soda from the fridge. All this gives an impression of openness.
Yet Americans do value their personal space and privacy. A Brazilian expatriate (侨民) who dropped in on her usually friendly Connecticut neighbors unannounced got the clear impression she should have called first. Similarly while a typical suburban home features large, shared areas, such as an open-plan kitchen and family room or “den”, ample private space is also allowed in the floor plan. A visit to a family home in the evening would likely find the family members dispersed, each independently watching TV, on the phone, surfing the Internet, or otherwise recharging batteries in the privacy of their own bedroom.
American individualism, expansiveness, and abundance are expressed in lifestyle. Despite the fact that the average household size has declined over the past thirty years from3.1 people to 2.6 people per household, the average size of a new family home increased during the same period from 1,500 to 2,200 square feet.
A common observation is just how outsized everything is. The beds are king-sized, the TVs have giant screens, the burgers are “whoppers (庞然大物),” appliances are “industrial” size. The largest popcorn or soda at the movies can be “supersized.” Closets are “walk in,” and some cars are the size of a military vehicle.
1.The passage suggests that Americans__________.
A. are rich enough to afford large size houses and luxurious electricity appliances
B. are very shy when talking about keeping their privacy and their personal space
C. would like to express their lifestyles in public to show them off
D. enjoy openness as well as individualism although they seem to contradict each other
2.Why can we say that American individualism, expansiveness, and abundance are expressed in their lifestyle?
A. Because the average size of a new house has increased during the past thirty years.
B. Because Americans often use European-style net curtains to screen out nosy neighbors.
C. Because many houses are equipped with walk-in closets.
D. Because the house size, outsized household furniture and independent living habits have proved it.
3.The underlined phrase in the passage means________.
A. filling a battery with electrical power
B. recovering your strength and energy by resting for a while
C. changing your batteries again
D. obtaining new batteries because old ones are running out
4.According to the passage, if you drop in on an American family which is usually friendly to you in the evening, you________.
A. will be deeply impressed by their family get-together scene
B. will be invited to a party which is well-prepared
C. will find family members scattered, and enjoying themselves individually
D. will be warmly welcomed even if they don’t get informed of your visit earlier
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The aim of basketball is for players to get a ball into the “basket”: a net ____ from a metal circle.
|
A．hanged |
B．hanging |
C．to hang |
D．being hung |
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