Prepare: Plan ahead and think about what you are going to say. In the words of Mark Twain, it usually takes you more than three weeks to prepare for it.

Know your subject: Always make sure that you know the subject and have background information at hand for question time.

Know you audience: Find out who you will be addressing so that you can tailor(适合) your comments accordingly.

Make a point: Keep your speech short and brief and have a few clear points that you need to convey(传达).

Practice: Never learn your speech by heart as your speech will become stilted, but do practice it a few times in front of the mirror, your parents or your dog.

Eye contact: If the thought of looking into a sea of faces scares you, adjust your gaze（注视）regularly at different points in the room to create the same effect.

First impressions: Your first impression is important when making a public presentation. Find out about dress codes(准则) at the place so that you look your best and, if possible, check the microphone beforehand to ensure you know how to use it.

Get help: If public presentations are a major part of your life, read up on the art of speech---writing and delivery to improve your skills.

The advice benefits (有益于)____________________.

A．teachers       B．actors          C．speechmakers        D．spokesmen

Knowing your subject helps you __________.

A．make a perfect speech       

B．make better answers when asked questions about the subject.

C．keep a clear head

D．attract people’s attention

The underlined word “stilted” probable means ________ here.

A．unnatural      B．unnecessary    C．unpleasant     D．undeveloped

If asked for more advice besides what has been mentioned in the text, you may suggest ______.

   A．eye contact with the audience        B．proper clothes

   C．proper tones and body languages      D．more practice

Prepare: Plan ahead and think about what you are going to say. In the words of Mark Twain, it usually takes you more than three weeks to prepare for it.
Know your subject: Always make sure that you know the subject and have background information at hand for question time.
Know you audience: Find out who you will be addressing so that you can tailor(适合) your comments accordingly.
Make a point: Keep your speech short and brief and have a few clear points that you need to convey(传达).
Practice: Never learn your speech by heart as your speech will become stilted, but do practice it a few times in front of the mirror, your parents or your dog.
Eye contact: If the thought of looking into a sea of faces scares you, adjust your gaze（注视）regularly at different points in the room to create the same effect.
First impressions: Your first impression is important when making a public presentation. Find out about dress codes(准则) at the place so that you look your best and, if possible, check the microphone beforehand to ensure you know how to use it.
Get help: If public presentations are a major part of your life, read up on the art of speech---writing and delivery to improve your skills.
【小题1】The advice benefits (有益于)____________________.

You may think that sailing is a difficult sport, but it is really not hard to learn it. You do not need to be strong. But you need to be quick. And you need to understand a few basic rules about the wind.
First, you must ask yourself, “Where is the wind coming from? Is it coming from ahead or behind or from the side?” You must think about this all the time on the boat. The wind direction tells you what to do with the sail.
Let’s start with the wind blowing from the behind. This means the wind and the boat are going in the same direction. Then you must always keep the sail outside the boat. It should be at a 90° angle (角度) to the boat. Then it will catch the wind best.
If the wind is blowing from the side, it is blowing across the boat. In this case, you must keep the sail half way outside the boat. It should be at a 45° angle to the boat. It needs to be out far enough to catch the wind, but it shouldn’t flap (摆动). It shouldn’t look like on a flagpole. If it is flapping, it is probably out too far, and the boat will slow down.
Sailing into the wind is not possible. If you try, the sail will flap and the boat will stop. You may want to go in that direction. It is possible, but you can’t go in a straight line. You must go first in one direction and then in another. This is called tacking. When you are tacking, you must always keep the sail inside the boat.
【小题1】What should you consider first while sailing?