Up to 90% of school leavers in major Asian cities are suffering from myopia ---short-sightedness, a study suggests. Researchers say the "extraordinary rise" in the problem is being caused by students working very hard in school and missing out on outdoor light.
Eye experts say that you are short-sighted if your vision is blurred(模糊的) beyond 2m. It is often caused by an elongation（拉伸） of the eyeball that happens when people are young. According to the research, the problem is being caused by a combination of factors - a commitment to education and lack of outdoor light.
Professor Morgan who led this study argues that many children in South East Asia spend long hours studying at school and doing their homework. This in itself puts pressure on the eyes, but exposure to between two and three hours of daylight helps maintain healthy eyes.
Cultural factors also seem to play a part. Across many parts of South East Asia, children often have a lunchtime nap. According to Professor Morgan they are missing out on natural light to prevent short-sightedness.
A big concern is the numbers of the students suffering from “high” myopia. One in five of these students could experience severe visual impairment(障碍) and even blindness. These people are at considerable risk—sometimes people are not told about it and are just given more powerful glasses—they need to be warned about the risk and given some self-testing measures so they can get to an ophthalmologist and get some help.
For decades, researchers believed there was a strong genetic component to the condition. But this study strongly suggests an alternative view. “Any type of simple genetic explanation just doesn’t fit with that speed of change; gene pools just don’t change in two generations. Whether it’s a purely environmental effect or an environmental effect playing a sensitive genome, it really doesn’t matter, the thing that’s changed is not the gene pool---it’s the environment.”
【小题1】As is mentioned above, which factor mainly results in students’ myopia in South East Asia?

Up to 90% of school leavers in major Asian cities are suffering from myopia ---short-sightedness, a study suggests. Researchers say the "extraordinary rise" in the problem is being caused by students working very hard in school and missing out on outdoor light.

Eye experts say that you are short-sighted if your vision is blurred(模糊的) beyond 2m. It is often caused by an elongation（拉伸） of the eyeball that happens when people are young. According to the research, the problem is being caused by a combination of factors - a commitment to education and lack of outdoor light.

Professor Morgan who led this study argues that many children in South East Asia spend long hours studying at school and doing their homework. This in itself puts pressure on the eyes, but exposure to between two and three hours of daylight helps maintain healthy eyes.

Cultural factors also seem to play a part. Across many parts of South East Asia, children often have a lunchtime nap. According to Professor Morgan they are missing out on natural light to prevent short-sightedness.

A big concern is the numbers of the students suffering from “high” myopia. One in five of these students could experience severe visual impairment(障碍) and even blindness. These people are at considerable risk—sometimes people are not told about it and are just given more powerful glasses—they need to be warned about the risk and given some self-testing measures so they can get to an ophthalmologist and get some help.

For decades, researchers believed there was a strong genetic component to the condition. But this study strongly suggests an alternative view. “Any type of simple genetic explanation just doesn’t fit with that speed of change; gene pools just don’t change in two generations. Whether it’s a purely environmental effect or an environmental effect playing a sensitive genome, it really doesn’t matter, the thing that’s changed is not the gene pool---it’s the environment.”

1.As is mentioned above, which factor mainly results in students’ myopia in South East Asia?

A．Genetic faults of the people.               B．Elongation of the eyeball.

C．The shortage of outdoor light.              D．Lack of research into the problem.

2.Which of the following statements do you think agrees with Professor Morgan?

A．A lunchtime nap is helpful in reducing myopia.

B．Glasses keep myopia from getting even worse.

C．It’s necessary to treat myopia with an operation.

D．It’s of vital importance to reduce educational pressure.

3.What’s the main idea of the last paragraph?

A．Gene remains the main cause of the long-standing problem.

B．The environment is to blame for the extraordinary rise in myopia.

C．Short-sightedness has nothing to do with changes in gene pools.

D．An environmental effect playing a sensitive genome counts.

4.What’s the best way to take care of your eyes according to the passage?

A．Equip the classroom with better lights.

B．Look at the sun from time to time.

C．Do eyes exercise regularly.

D．Spend more time in the open air.

Up to 90% of school leavers in major Asian cities are suffering from myopia ---short-sightedness, a study suggests. Researchers say the "extraordinary rise" in the problem is being caused by students working very hard in school and missing out on outdoor light.
Eye experts say that you are short-sighted if your vision is blurred(模糊的) beyond 2m. It is often caused by an elongation（拉伸） of the eyeball that happens when people are young. According to the research, the problem is being caused by a combination of factors - a commitment to education and lack of outdoor light.
Professor Morgan who led this study argues that many children in South East Asia spend long hours studying at school and doing their homework. This in itself puts pressure on the eyes, but exposure to between two and three hours of daylight helps maintain healthy eyes.
Cultural factors also seem to play a part. Across many parts of South East Asia, children often have a lunchtime nap. According to Professor Morgan they are missing out on natural light to prevent short-sightedness.
A big concern is the numbers of the students suffering from “high” myopia. One in five of these students could experience severe visual impairment(障碍) and even blindness. These people are at considerable risk—sometimes people are not told about it and are just given more powerful glasses—they need to be warned about the risk and given some self-testing measures so they can get to an ophthalmologist and get some help.
For decades, researchers believed there was a strong genetic component to the condition. But this study strongly suggests an alternative view. “Any type of simple genetic explanation just doesn’t fit with that speed of change; gene pools just don’t change in two generations. Whether it’s a purely environmental effect or an environmental effect playing a sensitive genome, it really doesn’t matter, the thing that’s changed is not the gene pool---it’s the environment.”

1. 1.

   As is mentioned above, which factor mainly results in students’ myopia in South East Asia?

   1. A.
      Genetic faults of the people
   2. B.
      Elongation of the eyeball
   3. C.
      The shortage of outdoor light
   4. D.
      Lack of research into the problem
2. 2.

   Which of the following statements do you think agrees with Professor Morgan?

   1. A.
      A lunchtime nap is helpful in reducing myopia
   2. B.
      Glasses keep myopia from getting even worse
   3. C.
      It’s necessary to treat myopia with an operation
   4. D.
      It’s of vital importance to reduce educational pressure
3. 3.

   What’s the main idea of the last paragraph?

   1. A.
      Gene remains the main cause of the long-standing problem
   2. B.
      The environment is to blame for the extraordinary rise in myopia
   3. C.
      Short-sightedness has nothing to do with changes in gene pools
   4. D.
      An environmental effect playing a sensitive genome counts
4. 4.

   What’s the best way to take care of your eyes according to the passage?

   1. A.
      Equip the classroom with better lights
   2. B.
      Look at the sun from time to time
   3. C.
      Do eyes exercise regularly
   4. D.
      Spend more time in the open air

Open a large handkerchief out and show both sides of it to your friends. Point out that there is nothing in it; then show them both sides of your hands, which are also empty. Now ask a member of your audience to give you a match. Ask him to put a mark on it with a pen or a pencil. Fold up the handkerchief with the match in it, and let everyone present see you do this.

       Give the handkerchief to anyone in the audience and say：“Here′s the match. Can you feel it? Good! Now I want you to break it into two pieces.”When he or she has broken the match, you say “Would anyone like to feel the broken match in this handkerchief?”several people will probably want to feel it. When they have satisfied themselves that the match really is broken, you say,“Now I′m going to make the match whole again.”Perhaps your friends will say that  is impossible.

       Hold the handkerchief in one hand and pass your hand or your wand（magic stick）over it, saying：“Abracadabra, abracadabra.”Open the handkerchief and let the match fall on to the table or floor, saying“Presto”as it does so. When the audience examine the match, they will find that it is quite whole and undamaged. The member of the audience will see his mark on the match. Everyone will be amazed!

       The secret of this trick is quite simple, as in all magic tricks. Long before you do the trick you must do one thing-you must push one of your own matches into the hem（摺边）of the handkerchief. This must be pushed well along the hem so that it cannot fall out or be seen. When you have wrapped up the match provided by a member of the audience you must take care that it is the match in the hem which is broken, and not the other. You should practice the trick in private, of course, before you perform it before an audience.

1．The magician shows both sides of the handkerchief in order to      .

      A．show the audience what the handkerchief is like

       B．push a match into the hem of the handkerchief

       C．let the audience put a mark on it with a pencil

       D．make the audience believe there is no trick in it                      

2．How many matches are there wrapped in the handkerchief in fact?

       A．0                        B．1                        C．2                        D．3 

3．Why does the magician say“abracadabra”?

       A．He intends to make the match whole again.

       B．He needs to draw the audience′s attention away.

       C．He pretends something super-natural will happen.

       D．He wants to make himself less nervous

4．This magic is actually a      ?

       A．trick of replacement                             B．chemical change

       C．language cheating    D．quick hand movement

Up to 90% of school leavers in major Asian cities are suffering from myopia ---short-sightedness, a study suggests. Researchers say the "extraordinary rise" in the problem is being caused by students working very hard in school and missing out on outdoor light.

Eye experts say that you are short-sighted if your vision is blurred(模糊的） beyond 2m. It is often caused by an elongation (拉抻)of the eyeball that happens when people are young. According to the research, the problem is being caused by a combination of factors - a commitment to education and lack of outdoor light.

Professor Morgan who led this study argues that many children in South East Asia spend long hours studying at school and doing their homework. This in itself puts pressure on the eyes, but exposure to between two and three hours of daylight helps maintain healthy eyes.

Cultural factors also seem to play a part. Across many parts of South East Asia₉ children often have a lunchtime nap. According to Professor Morgan they are missing out on natural light to prevent short-sightedness.

A big concern is the numbers of the students suffering from “high” myopia. One in five of these students could experience severe visual impairment(障碍）and even blindness. These people are at considerable risk-sometimes people are not told about it and are just given more powerful glasses-they need to be warned about the risk and given some self-testing measures so they can get to an ophthalmologist and get some help.

For decades, researchers believed there was a strong genetic component to the condition. But this study strongly suggests an alternative view. "Any type of simple genetic explanation just doesn't fit with that speed of change; gene pools just don't change in two generations. Whether it's a purely environmental effect or an environmental effect playing a sensitive genome, it really doesn't matter, the thing that's changed is not the gene pool—-it's the environment."

47. As is mentioned above ，which factor mainly results in students' myopia in South East Asia?

A. Genetic faults of the people.                             B. Elongation of the eyeball.

C. The shortage of outdoor light.                          D. Lack of research into the problem.

48. Which of the following statements do you think agrees with Professor Morgan?

A. A lunchtime nap is helpful in reducing myopia.

B. Glasses keep myopia from getting even worse.

C. It's necessary to treat myopia with an operation.

D. It's of vital importance to reduce educational pressure.

49. What's the main idea of the last paragraph?

A. Gene remains the main cause of the long-standing problem.

B. The environment is to blame for the extraordinary rise in myopia.

C. Short-sightedness has nothing to do with changes in gene pools.

D. An environmental effect playing a sensitive genome counts.

50. What's the best way to take care of your eyes according to the passage?

A. Equip the classroom with better lights.

B. Look at the sun from time to time.

C. Do eyes exercise regularly.

D. Spend more time in the open air.