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Arthur Miller (1915—2005) is universally recognized as one of the greatest dramatists of the 20th century. Miller's father had moved to the USA from Austria-Hungary, drawn like so many others by the “Great American Dream”. However, he experienced severe financial hardship when his family business was ruined in the Great Depression of the early 1930s.
Miller's most famous play, Death of a Salesman, is a powerful attack on the American system, with its aggressive way of doing business and its insistence on money and social status as indicators of worth. In Willy Loman, the hero of the play, we see a man who has got into trouble with this system. Willy is “burnt out” and in the cruel world of business there is no room for sentiment: if he can't do the work, then he is no good to his employer, the Wagner Company, and he must go. Willy is painfully aware of this, and at a loss as to what to do with his lack of success. He refuses to face the fact that he has failed and kills himself in the end.
When it was first staged in 1949, the play was greeted with enthusiastic reviews, and it won the Tony Award for Best Play, the New York Drama Critics' Circle Award, and the Pulitzer Prize for Drama. It was the first play to win all three of these major awards.
Miller died of heart failure at his home in Roxbury, Connecticut, on the evening of February 10, 2005, the 56th anniversary of the first performance of Death of a Salesman on Broadway.
1.Why did Arthur Miller's father move to the USA?
A．He suffered from severe hunger in his home country.
B．He was attracted by the “Great American Dream.”
C．He hoped to make his son a dramatist.
D．His family business failed
2.What can we learn about Willy Loman?
A．He treats his employer badly.
B．He runs the Wagner Company.
C．He is a victim of the American system.
D．He is regarded as a hero by his colleagues.
3.After it was first staged, Death of a Salesman________.
A．achieved huge success
B．won the first Tony Award
C．was warmly welcomed by salesmen
D．was severely attacked by dramatists
4.What is the text mainly about?
A．Arthur Miller and his family.
B．The awards Arthur Miller won.
C．The hardship Arthur Miller experienced.
D．Arthur Miller and his best-known play.
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Rocky Lyons was five years old when his mother, Kelly, was driving along the country road with him. He was asleep on the front seat of their truck, with his feet resting on her lap. As his mom drove carefully down the winding country road, she turned onto a narrow bridge. The truck hit a rock and slid off the road. She attempted to bring it back up onto the road by pressing hard on the gas pedal and turning the steering wheel to the left. But Rocky’s foot got caught between her leg and the steering wheel and she lost control of the truck.[ X.JTYJY.COM/]
The truck fell into a 20-foot ravine（峡谷）. When it hit bottom, Rocky woke up. “What happened, Mama?” he asked. “Our wheels are pointing toward the sky.”
Kelly was seriously wounded and blinded by blood. “I’ll get you out, Mama,” announced Rocky, who had surprisingly escaped injury. He climbed out from under Kelly, slid through the open window and tried to yank（用力拉）his mother out. But she didn’t move.
“Just let me sleep,” begged Kelly, who was out of consciousness. Rocky insisted, “Mom, you can’t go to sleep.”
Rocky managed to push Kelly out of the truck and told her he’d climb up to the road and stop a car to get help. Fearing that no one would be able to see her little boy in the dark, Kelly refused to let him go alone. Instead they slowly moved up to the road. The pain was so great that Kelly wanted to give up, but Rocky wouldn’t let her.
Rocky kept repeating the inspirational phrase, “I know you can, I know you can.” When they finally reached the road, Rocky broke into tears seeing his mother’s torn face clearly for the first time. Waving his arms and shouting, “Please stop!” the boy stopped a truck. His mother was sent to hospital.
It took 8 hours to rebuild Kelly’s face. She looks quite different today---“I used to have a straight long nose, thin lips and high cheekbones; now I’ve got a flat cheeks and much bigger lips”--- but she has few scars and has recovered from her injuries.
Rocky’s heroics were big news. Everyone was surprised at this little boy’s power. “It’s not like I wanted it to happen,” The boy explained. “ I just did what anyone would have done.” “If it weren’t for Rocky, I’d have died,” said his mother.
1.According to the text, Rocky and Kelly _________ .
A. were lost on a country road
B. had limited time to find their way
C. were involved in a truck accident
D. knew little of what happened to them
2.When he woke up, Rocky ___________ .
A. was frightened by his mother’s blood
B. found his mother had fallen asleep
C. was stuck against the door of the truck
D. found the car was turned over
3.What happened to Kelly at last?
A. She passed away.
B. She survived and recovered from injuries.
C. She became a hero.
D. She had a different life.
4.What is the best title for the text?
A. A Boy and His Mother B. How to Behave Well？
C. I Think I Can D. Nothing is Lost
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Consult the page adapted from an English dictionary and do Questions 45–48．
root1 /ru:t/ n [C]
1 ►PLANT◄ the part of a plant or tree that grows under the ground and gets water form the soil: Be careful not to damage the roots when repotting．| tree roots —see picture at germinate
2 ►CAUSE OF A PROBLEM◄ the main cause of a problem: Money is the root of all evil．| be/lie at the root of （=be the cause of a problem） Often allergies are at the root of a lot of the problems．| get to the root of （=find out the cause of a problem） | root cause （=the main reason for a problem）
3 ►OF A CUSTOM/TRADITION◄ roots the origins of a custom or tradition that has continued for a long time: has its roots in Jazz has its roots in the folk songs of the southern states of the US．
4 ►OF AN IDEA/BELIEF◄ the main part of an idea or belief which all the other parts come from: be/lie at the root of Foucault is challenging the very root of 20th century liberalism．
5 ►FAMILY CONNECTION◄ sb’s roots your con- nection with a place because you were born there, or your family used to live there: Naita has come to Ghana in search of her roots．
6 put down roots if you put down roots somewhere, you start to feel that this place is your home and to have relationships with the people there
7 ►TOOTH/HAIR ETC◄ the part of a tooth, hair etc that fixes it to the rest of your body
8 take root a） if an idea takes root, people begin to accept or believe it: The concepts of democracy and free trade are finally beginning to take root．b） if a plant takes root, it starts to grow where you have planted it
9 have a （good） root round informal especially BrE to search for something by moving other things around
10 root and branch if you destroy something root and branch, you get rid of it completely and permanently because it is bad
11 ►LANGUAGE◄ technical the basic part of a word which shows its main meaning, to which other parts can be added: The suffix ‘ness’ can be added to the root ‘cold’ to form the word ‘coldness’．—compare stem1 （4）
12 ►MATHEMATICS◄ technical a number that when multiplied by itself a certain number of times, equals the number that you have: 2 is the fourth root of 16．
—see also cube root, square root, grass roots
root2 v
1 ►SEARCH◄ [I always + adv/prep] to search for something by moving things around: [+ through/in/ around] “Hang on a second,” said Leila, rooting through her handbag for a pen．| [+ for] pigs rooting for food
2 ►PLANT◄ a） [I] to grow roots: New shrubs will root easily in summer．b） [T usually passive] to fix a plant firmly by its roots: The bush was too firmly rooted in the hard earth to dig up easily．| root itself Clumps of thyme had rooted themselves between the rocks．—see also deeply rooted （deeply （5））
3 be rooted in to have developed from something and be strongly influenced by it: policies that are rooted in Marxist economic theory
4 be rooted to the spot to be so shocked, surprised, or frightened that you cannot move
root for sb phr v [T] informal 1 to give support and encouragement to someone in a competition, test or difficult situation, because you want them to succeed: Good luck – we’ll all be rooting for you! 2 especially AmE to support a sports team or player by shouting and cheering: We’ll all be rooting for the Dallas Cowboys in the Superbowl．
root sth ↔ out phr v [T] 1 to find out where a particular kind of problem exists and get rid of it: Racism cannot be rooted out without strong government action．2 informal to find something by searching for it: I’ll try and root out something suitable for you to wear．
root sth ↔ up phr v [T] to dig or pull a plant up with its roots
1．What’s meaning of the word “roots” in the sentence “Many Americans have roots in Europe．”?
A．The underground part of a plant． B．One’s connection with a place．
C．The origins of a custom or tradition． D．The main cause of a problem．
2．What’s the fourth root of 81?
A．27． B．9． C．6． D．3．
3．Which phrase can complete the sentence “Do you think it is possible to ____ crime?”
A．root for B．root out C．root up D．root through
4．In which of the following situations can we use the phrase “be rooted to the spot”?
A．A bush is so firmly rooted in the ground that it is difficult to pull it up．
B．A football fan got excited when his favorite football team scored a goal．
C．A girl became too scared to walk when she caught sight of a long snake．
D．A man is unable to walk because he was caught in a car accident years ago．
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He was 11 years old and often went fishing. On the day before bass (鲈鱼) season opened, he and his father were fishing early in the evening.
When his pole doubled over, he knew something huge was on the other end. His father watched with admiration as the boy skillfully worked the fish. Finally, he lifted the tired fish from the water. It was the largest one he had ever seen, but it was a bass.
Lighting a match, the father looked at his watch. It was 10 pm — two hours before the season opened. He looked at the fish, then at the boy, saying, “You’ll have to put it back, Son.”
Looking around, he saw no other fisherman or boats. Even so, the boy could tell from his father’s voice that the decision couldn’t be changed. He threw the huge bass into the water. The boy thought that he would never again see such a big fish.
That was 34 years ago. Today the boy is a successful architect (建筑师) in New York. He often takes his son to fish at the same place.
And he was right. He has never again caught such a large fish as the one he got that night long ago. But he does see that same fish… again and again… every time he has an ethical (道德的) decision to make. As his father had taught him, ethics are simple matters of right and wrong. It is only the practice of ethics that is difficult.
Seeing the boy skillfully pulling a big fish out of the water, the father felt __________.
A. admiring B. nervous
C. worried D. shocked
On seeing that the big fish was a bass, __________.
A. they discussed how to deal with the fish
B. the boy threw the bass back into the water gladly
C. the father made a decision that the fish must be set free
D. they were worried that other fisherman might know what they had done
From the passage, we can learn that __________.
A. the father was an architect
B. the son never forgets the lesson
C. the father used to catch a big bass
D. the father made his son feel regretful all his life
The passage mainly wants to tell us that __________.
A. an ethical decision is not difficult to make
B. it is hard to tell right from wrong sometimes
C. fishing helps you to make right ethical decisions
D. it’s easier to make an ethical decision than to carry it out
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