汉英翻译

接受HIV病毒检测　　  

接受HIV病毒检测　　  

World Health Report 2002

    The life expectancy (平均寿命) of people around the world could increase by five to ten years if action against common health risks (冒险，风险) is taken．This is one of the findings in this year’s World Health Report released (发布) recently by the World Health Organization．The report is called “Reducing Risks，Promoting (促进) Life”．

    Researchers found that ten major threats to good health are common around the world．The chief of the World Health Organization，Gro Harlem Brundtland，called them the ten leading killers．They include unsafe sex，poor nutrition (营养)，high blood pressure，use of tobacco and alcohol，unsafe water and unclean living conditions．Also included are high levels of dangerous fat in the blood，indoor smoke from solid fuels，a lack of iron in the body and too much body weight，or obesity (肥胖)．Together，these ten health risks make up forty percent of the fifty-six million deaths worldwide each year．

    Doctor Brundtland called for reducing the ten main health risks by twenty-five percent within ten years．If this were done，life expectancy in industrial countries could increase by ten years．In developing countries，it could increase by five years．

Currently (通常地)，the number of life years lost because these health risks differ around the world．Doctor Brundtland says the differences these health risks create between rich and poor nations are shocking (骇人听闻的)．For example，about one-hundred-seventy-million children in poor countries are underweight. They do not weigh enough because they do not get enough food. However, more than one thousand millionお adults around the world are too fat. These people are mostly in rich, industrial countries.

Doctor Brundtland warns that the cost of inaction is serious. For e
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xample, she says nine million deaths a year linked to smoking will be reported by two-thousand–twenty if steps are not taken soon. Currently, about five millionお people die each year from diseases related to smoking.

Doctor Brundtland says that AIDS (艾滋病) and the HIV virus (艾滋病病毒) are having a huge effect on the length of life in Africa. Currently, life expectancy at birth in southern Africa is forty-seven years. The WHO estimates (估计) that ninety-five percent of HIV infections (感染) in Africa were caused by unsafe sex. She says there is an urgent need for sex education and the use of condom devices (孕器具) to prevent the spread of HIV.

Judge the following sentences true (T) or false (F).

1.It is certain that life expectancy of people around the world could increase by five to ten years in future.

1.　　   Most of the deaths worldwide each year are due to (由于) the ten leading killers such as unsafe sex, poor nutrition, high blood pressure and so on.

3.From the passage, we can infer that so far people haven’t dealt with smoking effectively.

4.The length of life in Africa is affected most by AIDS.

阅读理解

　　He was only 12 years old when he died, but he brought courage and hope to people around the world.

　　Nkosi Johnson, who died last June, is remembered today as an AIDS fighter. This young boy challenged his government's AIDS policies and united millions of South Africans in the fight against the disease.

　　Johnson was the longest surviving(幸存的) person born HIV positive(爱滋病病毒携带者). He survived with this deadly disease for 12 years before it claimed his life.

　　At first, Johnson was expected to live for nine months when his foster mother, Gail Johnson, took him in at the age of two. She now runs Nkosi's Haven across town from her house in Melville. The Haven is home to 20 children living with HIV or AIDS, and I of their mothers.

　　Johnson attracted the world's attention and stole the heats of thousands of people across the world at the 13th International AIDS Conference in Durban in July 2008. He stood in front of a large audience including South African President Thabo Mbeki. He told them that he wanted AZT, a drug used to treat AIDS patients, to be given to HIV-positive pregnant(怀孕的) women to prevent the disease being passed on to their unborn babies. He received a loud cheer at the end of his speech.

　　Johnson's speech was broadcast live across the world. With views beyond his age and even a sense of humor, Johnson soon became an international sign of the fight against AIDS and HIV.

1．The underlined words “claimed his life” ( paragraph 3 ) means ________.

[　　]

A．did harm to Johnson's health

B．helped Johnson to survive

C．caused the death of Johnson

D．made Johnson weak

2．The AIDS child gave the speech in order to ________.

[　　]

A．steal the hearts of thousands of people

B．be an AIDS fighter

C．get more help from the world

D．fight against the government

3．We can infer from the passage that ________.

[　　]

A．the government's AIDS policies have to be improved

B．the government did nothing to help those with AIDS positive

C．the boy's speech changed the government's policies

D．no one lived longer than the boy

4．The best title for the passage is ________.

[　　]

A．The Sad Story of An AIDS Child

B．The Courage of An AIDS Child

C．AIDS, A Deadly Disease

D．A Hero In South Africa

阅读理解

World Health Report 2002

    The life expectancy (平均寿命) of people around the world could increase by five to ten years if action against common health risks (冒险，风险) is taken．This is one of the findings in this year’s World Health Report released (发布) recently by the World Health Organization．The report is called “Reducing Risks，Promoting (促进) Life”．

    Researchers found that ten major threats to good health are common around the world．The chief of the World Health Organization，Gro Harlem Brundtland，called them the ten leading killers．They include unsafe sex，poor nutrition (营养)，high blood pressure，use of tobacco and alcohol，unsafe water and unclean living conditions．Also included are high levels of dangerous fat in the blood，indoor smoke from solid fuels，a lack of iron in the body and too much body weight，or obesity (肥胖)．Together，these ten health risks make up forty percent of the fifty-six million deaths worldwide each year．

    Doctor Brundtland called for reducing the ten main health risks by twenty-five percent within ten years．If this were done，life expectancy in industrial countries could increase by ten years．In developing countries，it could increase by five years．

Currently (通常地)，the number of life years lost because these health risks differ around the world．Doctor Brundtland says the differences these health risks create between rich and poor nations are shocking (骇人听闻的)．For example，about one-hundred-seventy-million children in poor countries are underweight. They do not weigh enough because they do not get enough food. However, more than one thousand millionお adults around the world are too fat. These people are mostly in rich, industrial countries.

Doctor Brundtland warns that the cost of inaction is serious. For example, she says nine million deaths a year linked to smoking will be reported by two-thousand–twenty if steps are not taken soon. Currently, about five millionお people die each year from diseases related to smoking.

Doctor Brundtland says that AIDS (艾滋病) and the HIV virus (艾滋病病毒) are having a huge effect on the length of life in Africa. Currently, life expectancy at birth in southern Africa is forty-seven years. The WHO estimates (估计) that ninety-five percent of HIV infections (感染) in Africa were caused by unsafe sex. She says there is an urgent need for sex education and the use of condom devices (孕器具) to prevent the spread of HIV.

Judge the following sentences true (T) or false (F).

1.It is certain that life expectancy of people around the world could increase by five to ten years in future.

1.　　   Most of the deaths worldwide each year are due to (由于) the ten leading killers such as unsafe sex, poor nutrition, high blood pressure and so on.

3.From the passage, we can infer that so far people haven’t dealt with smoking effectively.

4.The length of life in Africa is affected most by AIDS.