Tourism probably started in Roman times. Rich Romans visited friends and family who were working in another part of the Roman empire. When the empire broke down, this kind of tourism stopped.

In the early 17th century, the idea of the “Grand Tour” was born. Rich young English people sailed across the English Channel. They visited the most beautiful and important European cities of the time, including Paris in France, and Rome and Venice in Italy. Their tours lasted for two to four years, and the tourists stayed a few weeks or months in each city. The “Grand Tour” was an important part of young people's education—but only for the rich.

In the 18th century, tourism began to change. For example, people in the UK started to visit some towns, such as Bath to “take the waters”. They believed that the water there was good for their health. So large and expensive hotels were built in these towns.

In the 19th century, travel became much more popular and faster. When the first railways were built in the 1820s, it was easier for people to travel between towns, so they started to go for holidays at the seaside. Some started to have holidays in the countryside as cities became larger, noisier and dirtier.

Travelling by sea also became faster and safer when the first steamships were built. People began to travel more to faraway countries.

The 20th century saw cars become more and more popular among ordinary people. Planes were made larger, so ticket prices dropped and more people used them.

Thus tourism grew. In 1949, Russian journalist Vladimir Raitz started a company called Horizon Holidays. The company organizes everything—plane tickets, hotel rooms, even food—and tourists pay for it all before they leave home. The package tour (包办旅行) and modern tourism industry was born.

The first travel agency in China was set up as early as 1949.But tourism did not take_off until 1978.In 2002, the industry was worth 500 billion yuan and became an important part of China's social development.

1．In the early times, the travellers ________.

A．all came from China     B．were very young and strong

C．had lots of money       D．travelled by boat

2．________ played the most important role in the tourism development.

A．Education             B．Money

C．Transportation          D．People's ideas

3．Modern tourism industry was born ________.

A．in 1949               B．in Roman times

C．in the early 17th century  D．in the 19th century

4．In which century did travel become much more popular and faster?

A．17th.       B．18th.        C．19th.       D．20th.

5．The underlined phrase “take off ”in the last paragraph means

________.

A．rise into the air         B．develop very fast

C．remove hats and clothes  D．bring down the prices

Tourism probably started in Roman times. Rich Romans visited friends and family who were working in another part of the Roman empire. But when the empire broke down, this kind of tourism stopped.

　　In the early 17th century, the idea of the“Grand Tour”was born. Rich young English people sailed across the English Channel. They visited the most beautiful and important European cities of the time, including Paris in France, and Rome and Venice in Italy. Their tours lasted for two to four years, and the tourists stayed a few weeks or months in each city. The“Grand Tour”was an important part of young people’s education—but only for the rich.

　　In the 18th century, tourism began to change. For example, people in the UK started to visit some towns, such as Bath to“take the waters”.They believed that the water there was good for their health. So large and expensive hotels were built in these towns.

　　In the 19th century, travel became much more popular and faster. When the first railways were built in the 1820s,it was easier for people to travel between towns, so they started to go for holidays by the sea. And some started to have holidays in the countryside as cities became larger, noisier and dirtier.

　　Traveling by sea also became faster and safer when the first steamships were built. People began to travel more to far away countries.

　　The 20th century saw cars become more and more popular among ordinary people. Planes were made larger, so ticket prices dropped and more people used them.

　　Thus tourism grew. In 1949, Russian journalist Vladimir Raitz started a company called Horizon Holidays. The company organizes everything—plane tickets, hotel rooms, even food—and tourists pay for it all before they leave home. The package tour and modern tourist industry was born.

　　The first travel agency in China was set up as early as 1949.But tourism did not take off until 1978.In 2002,the industry was worth 500 billion Yuan and became an important part of China’s social development.

1.In the early times, the travelers ________.

A．all came from Roman                    B．were very young and strong

C．had lots of money                       D．traveled by boat

2.________ played the most important role in the tourism development.

A．Education         B．Money            C．Transportation      D．People’s ideas

3.Modern tourism was born ________.

A．in 1949                               B．in Roman times

C．in the early 17th century                  D．in the 19th century

4.The underlined phrase“take off”means ________.

A．a plane rising into the air                  B．develop very fast

C．remove hats and clothes                  D．bring down the prices

Tourism probably started in Roman times. Rich Romans visited friends and family who were working in another part of the Roman Empire. But when the empire broke down，this kind of tourism stopped.

　　In the early 17th century, the idea of the “Grand Tour” was born. Rich young English people sailed across the English Channel（英吉利海峡）.They visited the most beautiful and important European cities of the time, including Paris in France, and Rome and Venice（威尼斯）in Italy. Their tours lasted for two to four years, and the tourists stayed a few weeks or months in each city. The “Grand Tour” was an important part of young people’s education—but only for the rich.

In the 18th century, tourism began to change. For example, people in the UK started to visit some towns, such as Bath to” take the waters”. They believed that the water there was good for their health. So large and expensive hotels were built in these towns.

　　In the 19th century, travel became much more popular and faster. When the first railways were built in the 1820s, it was easier for people to travel between towns, so they started to go for holidays by the sea. And some started to have holidays in the countryside as cities became larger, noisier and dirtier.

　　Traveling by sea also became faster and safer when the first steamships were built. People began to travel more to far away countries.

　　The 20th century saw cars become more and more popular among ordinary people. Planes were made larger, so ticket prices dropped and more people used them.

　　Thus tourism grew. In 1949, Russian journalist Vladimir Raitz started a company called Horizon Holidays. The company organizes everything—plane tickets, hotel rooms, even food—and tourists pay for it all before they leave home. The package tour and modern tourist industry was born.

　　The first travel agency in China was set up as early as 1949.But tourism did not take off until 1978.In 2002,the industry was worth 500 billion yuan and became an important part of China’s social development.

1.In the early times, the travelers ________.

2.________ played the most important role in the tourism development.

3.Modern tourism was born ________.

4.The underlined phrase “take off” means ________.

Tourism probably started in Roman times．Rich Romans visited friends and family who were working in another part of the Roman empire．But when the empire broke down, this kind of tourism stopped．
In the early 17th century, the idea of the “Grand Tour” was born．Rich young English people sailed across the English Channel（英吉利海峡）．They visited the most beautiful and important European cities of the time, including Paris in France, and Rome and Venice（威尼斯）in Italy．Their tours lasted for two to four years, and the tourists stayed a few weeks or months in each city．The “Grand Tour” was an important part of young people’s education—but only for the rich．
In the 18th century, tourism began to change．For example, people in the UK started to visit some towns, such as Bath to “take the waters”．They believed that the water there was good for their health．So large and expensive hotels were built in these towns．
In the 19th century, travel became much more popular and faster．When the first railways were built in the 1820s, it was easier for people to travel between towns, so they started to go for holidays by the sea．And some started to have holidays in the countryside as cities became larger, noisier and dirtier．
Traveling by sea also became faster and safer when the first steamships were built．People began to travel more to far-away countries．
The 20th century saw cars become more and more popular among ordinary people．Planes were made larger, so ticket prices dropped and more people used them．
Thus tourism grew．In 1949, Russian journalist Vladimir Raitz started a company called Horizon Holidays．The company organizes everything—plane tickets, hotel rooms, even food—and tourists pay for it all before they leave home．The package tour and modern tourist industry was born．
The first travel agency in China was set up as early as 1949．But tourism did not take off until 1978．In 2002, the industry was worth 500 billion Yuan and became an important part of China’s social development．

1. 1.

   In the early times, the travelers __________．

   1. A.
      all came from Roman
   2. B.
      had lots of money
   3. C.
      were very young and strong
   4. D.
      traveled by boat
2. 2.

   Which of the following is true？

   1. A.
      The young men learned little from Grand Tour．
   2. B.
      Tourism became faster and safer when the first railways were built in the 18^th century．
   3. C.
      More people chose planes for its cheap price．
   4. D.
      In 2002, tourism became a significant part of China’s social development．
3. 3.

   _________played the most important role in the tourism development．

   1. A.
      Education
   2. B.
      Transportation
   3. C.
      Money
   4. D.
      People’s ideas
4. 4.

   Modern tourism was born ___________．

   1. A.
      in 1978
   2. B.
      in Roman times
   3. C.
      in the early 17th century
   4. D.
      in 1949

Nobel, who was born in Stockholm, is a great scientist famous for his dangerous experiments.
Nobel studied in the USA and then Russia between 1850 and 1859. After his return, he started researching into bombs. As is known, bomb is dangerous to life, but Nobel was working under that condition. Once a big explosion in his lab completely destroyed the lab and caused some deaths. After that he had to experiment on a boat in a lake. He received criticism and satire(讽刺), but he proceeded with the work rather than losing heart. From 1860s to 1880s, Nobel made many achievements and his inventions were first used in building roads and digging tunnels. Most of the bombs were safer and more possible to be controlled. Even at the end of the 20th century, we still used his methods.
Nobel had many patents in Britain and other European countries. He was quick to see industrial openings(机会) for his scientific inventions and built up over 80 companies in 20 different countries. Indeed his greatness lay in his outstanding ability to combine the qualities of an original scientist with those of a forward­looking industrialist.
But Nobel’s main concern was never with making money or even with making scientific discoveries. Seldom happy, he was always searching for a meaning to life, and from his youth, he had taken a serious interest in literature and philosophy. His greatest wish, however, was to see an end to wars, and thus peace between nations, and he spent much time and money working for this cause. To follow his will, a fund was set up to encourage people to make great progress in physics, chemistry, physiology(生理学), medicine, literature and peace. That’s the Nobel Prize which means great honor to a scientist.

1. 1.

   Through his early experimental work, it is evident that ________.

   1. A.
      Nobel was a man of strong will
   2. B.
      Nobel was a man of gift
   3. C.
      Nobel seldom got on well with his work
   4. D.
      Nobel had his heart in his work
2. 2.

   In fact, his inventions were first used in ________.

   1. A.
      a war to kill and injure his fellow men
   2. B.
      building roads
   3. C.
      digging tunnels
   4. D.
      both B and C
3. 3.

   Based on the passage, Nobel, as a scientist, ________.

   1. A.
      took a single interest in science
   2. B.
      took a serious interest in money
   3. C.
      took no interest in literature
   4. D.
      took a serious interest in literature as well as in science
4. 4.

   Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

   1. A.
      His wonderful will surely provided other scientists with a large sum of money.
   2. B.
      In leaving behind a well­meant will, Nobel succeeded in setting up a permanent monument for his interests and ideals.
   3. C.
      Nobel made a glorious will so that he might be remembered and respected after his death.
   4. D.
      Nobel expressed his wish in his will that a monument should be put up in memory of him.