A. studies B. work C. fields D. lives——青夏教育精英家教网—

XI'AN - China's conservation work for the endangered crested ibis（朱鹮）is facing new challenges, including an increasing mortality rate due to inbreeding, and the conflict between the need to expand natural habitats and local communities' economic interests, bird experts have warned.
The crested ibis, once widespread in Japan, China, Russia and the Korean Peninsula, almost became extinct in the first half of the 20th century.
Before 1981, when seven crested ibis were accidentally found in Yangxian county, in Northwest China's Shaanxi province, academics thought the species had been extinct in China for almost 17 years.
Due to the huge effort put into species protection since 1981, the number of crested ibis in China has risen to an estimated 1,617, including 997 in the wild, the State Forestry Administration said at a meeting on crested ibis protection in Xi'an on Monday.
However, although the ibis population exceeds 1,000, the birds are still not free from the threat of extinction, said Fang Shengguo, director of the State Conservation Center for Gene Resources of Endangered Wildlife at Zhejiang University.
“Ornithologists used inbreeding in the early stages of protection so that numbers of the precious birds could increase quickly, but that method had consequences,” Fang said.
"Studies have proved that as a result of inbreeding, crested ibis have the lowest genetic diversity of all endangered birds," Fang said.
"It means a high mortality rate and more physical defects for hatched chicks."
“The government should collect genetic information from all crested ibis and establish a genetic database as soon as possible, then design a scientific mating plan for the species,” Fang said.
So far, about 90 percent of crested ibis live in Shaanxi province, and fewer than 140 ibis live in three zoos in other parts of the country, including Beijing Zoo, according to Liu Dongping, an assistant researcher at the National Bird Banding Center of China, which is affiliated to the Chinese Academy of Forestry.
The bird has lost the ability to migrate, he said, adding that if an unexpected natural disaster occurred in Shaanxi province or an infectious disease spread through the area, the ibis population could be greatly reduced.
Experts also warned that the increased population of ibis, whether in the wild or in captivity, requires a larger and more varied natural habitat.
Rampant hunting, the massive loss of habitat caused by deforestation and the overuse of pesticides, which killed aquatic insects on which the ibis feed, are believed to be the main reasons for the sharp reduction in the ibis population before 1981.
So, in 1983, a State-level natural reserve was set up in Shaanxi province to protect the bird. But the struggle for living space between human and animal has never stopped, said Lu Baozhong, deputy director of the Shaanxi Crested Ibis Conservation Station.
"For example, ibis often look for loaches in farmers' rice fields. Sometimes their claws trample the rice seedlings. In another case, villagers discovered some land with abundant mineral resources which happened to be a habitat for ibis," said Lu, who has devoted 30 years to ibis protection.
A long-term win-win solution for ibis and local communities needs to be developed, one that would provide ecological compensation for local residents, Lu said.
【小题1】. What’s the best title for the passage?

A．The Rare Bird in China	B．New Problems for the Crested Ibis
C．The Way to Save the Crested Ibis	D．The Reason for the Crested Ibis’s Extinction

【小题2】 Which of the following statement is TRUE ?

A．The crested ibis is a native of China.

B．Before 1981, the crested ibis was extinct in China.

C．The crested ibis is now free from the threat of extinction.

D．Most of the crested ibis are in Shaanxi province.

【小题3】. Why did the experts adopt the way of inbreeding to protect the crested ib

is?

A．To increase the mortality rate.

B．To increase the number of the crested ibis.

C．To get more physical defects for hatched chicks

D．To have the lowest diversity of the endangered bird.

【小题4】. What may be the reason for the reduction in the population of the crested ibis before 1981?

A．inbreeding	B．economic development
C．over hunting	D．sandstorm

【小题5】. What can we learn from the passage?

A．Due to our great efforts, the crested ibis lives in the wild well.

B．Scientists will choose a better habitat for the crested ibis.

C．The problems of the crested ibis have not been solved

now.

D．The government has established a genetic database of the crested ibis.

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阅读理解。

     XI'AN - China's conservation work for the endangered crested ibis (朱鹮) is facing new challenges
, including an increasing death rate due to inbreeding (同系繁殖), and the conflict between the need to
expand natural habitats and local communities' economic interests, bird experts have warned.
     The crested ibis, once widespread in Japan, China, Russia and the Korean Peninsula, almost became
extinct in the first half of the 20th century.
     Before 1981, when seven crested ibis were accidentally found in Yangxian county, in Northwest
China's Shaanxi province, academics thought the species had been extinct in China for almost 17 years.
     Due to the huge effort put into species protection since 1981, the number of crested ibis in China has
risen to an estimated 1,617, including 997 in the wild, the State Forestry Administration said at a meeting
on crested ibis protection in Xi'an on Monday.
     However, although the ibis population exceeds 1,000, the birds are still not free from the threat of
extinction, said Fang Shengguo, director of the State Conservation Center for Gene Resources of
Endangered Wildlife at Zhejiang University.
      Ornithologists used inbreeding in the early stages of protection so that numbers of the precious birds
could increase quickly, but that method had consequences, Fang said.
     "Studies have proved that as a result of inbreeding, crested ibis have the lowest genetic diversity of all
endangered birds," Fang said.
     "It means a high death rate and more physical defects for hatched chicks."
     The government should collect genetic information from all crested ibis and establish a genetic
database as soon as possible, then design a scientific mating plan for the species, Fang said.
So far, about 90 percent of crested ibis live in Shaanxi province, and fewer than 140 ibis live in three zoos
in other parts of the country, including Beijing Zoo, according to Liu Dongping, an assistant researcher at the National Bird Banding Center of China, which is affiliated to the Chinese Academy of Forestry.
     The bird has lost the ability to migrate, he said, adding that if an unexpected natural disaster occurred
in Shaanxi province or an infectious disease spread through the area, the ibis population could be greatly
reduced.
     Experts also warned that the increased population of ibis, whether in the wild or in captivity, requires
a larger and more varied natural habitat.
     Rampant hunting, the massive loss of habitat caused by deforestation and the overuse of pesticides,
which killed aquatic (水生的) insects on which the ibis feed, are believed to be the main reasons for the
sharp reduction in the ibis population before 1981.
     So, in 1983, a State-level natural reserve was set up in Shaanxi province to protect the bird. But the
struggle for living space between human and animal has never stopped, said Lu Baozhong, deputy
director of the Shaanxi Crested Ibis Conservation Station.
     "For example, ibis often look for loaches in farmers' rice fields. Sometimes their claws trample the rice
seedlings. In another case, villagers discovered some land with abundant mineral resources which
happened to be a habitat for ibis," said Lu, who has devoted 30 years to ibis protection.
     A long-term win-win solution for ibis and local communities needs to be developed, one that would
provide ecological compensation for local residents, Lu said.

1.What's the best title for the passage?

A. The Rare Bird in China
B. New Problems for the Crested Ibis
C. The Way to Save the Crested Ibis
D. The Reason for the Crested Ibis's Extinction

2. Which of the following statement is TRUE ?

A. The crested ibis is a native of China.
B. Before 1981, the crested ibis was extinct in China.
C. The crested ibis is now free from the threat of extinction.
D. Most of the crested ibis are in Shaanxi province.

3. Which of the following can best explain the underlined word "Ornithologists"?

A. The persons who study the birds
B. The persons in the State Forestry Administration
C. The persons who keep the birds
D. The persons who kill the birds

4. Why did the experts adopt the way of inbreeding to protect the crested ibis?

A. To increase the death rate.
B. To increase the number of the crested ibis.
C. To get more physical defects for hatched chicks.
D. To have the lowest diversity of the endangered bird.

5. What may be the reason for the reduction in the population of the crested ibis before 1981?

A. inbreeding
B. economic development
C. over hunting
D. sandstorm

6. What can we learn from the passage?

A. Due to our great efforts, the crested ibis lives in the wild well.
B. Scientists will choose a better habitat for the crested ibis.
C. The problems of the crested ibis have not been solved now.
D. The government has established a genetic database of the crested ibis.

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　　The two things–snow and mountains–which are needed for a ski area are the two things that cause avalanches, large mass of snow and ice crushing down the side of a mountain－often called“White Death．”

　　It was the threat of the avalanche and its record as a killer of man in the western mountains that created the snow ranger．He first started on avalanche control work in the winter of 1937–38 at Alta, Utah, in Wasatch National Forest．

　　This mountain valley was becoming well known to skiers．It was dangerous．In fact, more than 120 persons had lost their lives in 1936 and another 200 died in 1937 as a result of avalanches before it became a major ski area．Thus, development of Alta and other major ski resorts in the west was dependent upon controlling the avalanche．The Forest Service set out to do it, and did, with its corps of snow rangers．It takes many things to make a snow ranger．The snow ranger must be in excellent physical condition．He must be a good skier and a skilled mountain climber He should have at least a high school education, and the more college courses in geology, physics, and related fields he has, the better．

　　He studies snow, terrain, wind, and weather．He learns the conditions that produce avalanches．He learns to forecast avalanches and to bring them roaring on down the mountainsides to reduce their killing strength．The snow ranger learns to do this by using artillery, by blasting with TNT, and by the difficult and skillful art of skiing avalanches down．

　　The snow ranger, dressed in a green parka which has a bright yellow shoulder patch, means safety for people on ski slopes．He pulls the trigger on a 75 mm．Recoilless rifle, skis waist deep in powder testing snow stability, or talks with the ski area’s operator as he goes about his work to protect the public from the hazards of deep snow on steep mountain slopes．

(1)

The snow rangers are employees of ________．
[　　]
A．	the Forest Service．
B．	the Resource Bureau．
C．	the Tourist Board．
D．	the Sports Bureau．

(2)

A snow ranger himself must be ________．
[　　]
A．	a college graduate．
B．	a physicist．
C．	a geologist．
D．	a mountaineer．

(3)

A snow ranger uses very powerful guns ________．
[　　]
A．	to warn skiers of an approaching avalanche．
B．	to signal for help in an emergency．
C．	to create an avalanche．
D．	to communicate with the ski area’ operator．

(4)

The primary duty of the snow ranger is ________．
[　　]
A．	To make sure ski area operators are following safety rules．
B．	To predict and control avalanches in mountainous areas．
C．	To check skis and repair them．
D．	To forecast the weather．

(5)

The passage implies that a snow ranger ________．
[　　]
A．	knows how to use a pistol．
B．	must write lengthy reports on his work．
C．	may travel many miles when he is on duty．
D．	has a long working day．

查看习题详情和答案>>

阅读理解

　　XI'AN－China's conservation work for the endangered crested ibis(朱鹮)is facing new challenges, including an increasing mortality rate due to inbreeding, and the conflict between the need to expand natural habitats and local communities' economic interests, bird experts have warned．

　　The crested ibis, once widespread in Japan, China, Russia and the Korean Peninsula, almost became extinct in the first half of the 20th century．

　　Before 1981, when seven crested ibis were accidentally found in Yangxian county, in Northwest China's Shaanxi province, academics thought the species had been extinct in China for almost 17 years．

　　Due to the huge effort put into species protection since 1981, the number of crested ibis in China has risen to an estimated 1,617, including 997 in the wild, the State Forestry Administration said at a meeting on crested ibis protection in Xi'an on Monday．

　　However, although the ibis population exceeds 1,000, the birds are still not free from the threat of extinction, said Fang Shengguo, director of the State Conservation Center for Gene Resources of Endangered Wildlife at Zhejiang University．

　　“Ornithologists used inbreeding in the early stages of protection so that numbers of the precious birds could increase quickly, but that method had consequences,” Fang said．

　　"Studies have proved that as a result of inbreeding, crested ibis have the lowest genetic diversity of all endangered birds," Fang said．

　　"It means a high mortality rate and more physical defects for hatched chicks．"

　　“The government should collect genetic information from all crested ibis and establish a genetic database as soon as possible, then design a scientific mating plan for the species,” Fang said．

　　So far, about 90 percent of crested ibis live in Shaanxi province, and fewer than 140 ibis live in three zoos in other parts of the country, including Beijing Zoo, according to Liu Dongping, an assistant researcher at the National Bird Banding Center of China, which is affiliated to the Chinese Academy of Forestry．

　　The bird has lost the ability to migrate, he said, adding that if an unexpected natural disaster occurred in Shaanxi province or an infectious disease spread through the area, the ibis population could be greatly reduced．

　　Experts also warned that the increased population of ibis, whether in the wild or in captivity, requires a larger and more varied natural habitat．

　　Rampant hunting, the massive loss of habitat caused by deforestation and the overuse of pesticides, which killed aquatic insects on which the ibis feed, are believed to be the main reasons for the sharp reduction in the ibis population before 1981．

　　So, in 1983, a State-level natural reserve was set up in Shaanxi province to protect the bird．But the struggle for living space between human and animal has never stopped, said Lu Baozhong, deputy director of the Shaanxi Crested Ibis Conservation Station．

　　"For example, ibis often look for loaches in farmers' rice fields．Sometimes their claws trample the rice seedlings．In another case, villagers discovered some land with abundant mineral resources which happened to be a habitat for ibis," said Lu, who has devoted 30 years to ibis protection．

　　A long-term win-win solution for ibis and local communities needs to be developed, one that would provide ecological compensation for local residents, Lu said．

(1)

What’s the best title for the passage?
[　　]
A．	The Rare Bird in China
B．	New Problems for the Crested Ibis
C．	The Way to Save the Crested Ibis
D．	The Reason for the Crested Ibis’s Extinction

(2)

Which of the following statement is TRUE?
[　　]
A．	The crested ibis is a native of China．
B．	Before 1981, the crested ibis was extinct in China．
C．	The crested ibis is now free from the threat of extinction．
D．	Most of the crested ibis are in Shaanxi province．

(3)

Why did the experts adopt the way of inbreeding to protect the crested ibis?
[　　]
A．	To increase the mortality rate．
B．	To increase the number of the crested ibis．
C．	To get more physical defects for hatched chicks
D．	To have the lowest diversity of the endangered bird．

(4)

What may be the reason for the reduction in the population of the crested ibis before 1981?
[　　]
A．	inbreeding
B．	economic development
C．	over hunting
D．	sandstorm

(5)

What can we learn from the passage?
[　　]
A．	Due to our great efforts, the crested ibis lives in the wild well．
B．	Scientists will choose a better habitat for the crested ibis．
C．	The problems of the crested ibis have not been solved now．
D．	The government has established a genetic database of the crested ibis．

查看习题详情和答案>>

阅读理解

　　The two things-snow and mountains-which are needed for a ski area are the two things that cause avalanches, large mass of snow and ice crushing down the side of a mountain－often called"White Death．"

　　It was the threat of the avalanche and its record as a killer of man in the western mountains that created the snow ranger．He first started on avalanche control work in the winter of 1937－38 at Alta, Utah, in Wasatch National Forest．

　　This mountain valley was becoming well known to skiers．It was dangerous．In fact, more than 120 persons had lost their lives in 1936 and another 200 died in 1937 as a result of avalanches before it became a major ski area．Thus, development of Alta and other major ski resorts in the west was dependent upon controlling the avalanche．The Forest Service set out to do it, and did, with its corps of snow rangers．It takes many things to make a snow ranger．The snow ranger must be in excellent physical condition．He must be a good skier and a skilled mountain climber He should have at least a high school education, and the more college courses in geology, physics, and related fields he has, the better．

　　He studies snow, terrain, wind, and weather．He learns the conditions that produce avalanches．He learns to forecast avalanches and to bring them roaring on down the mountainsides to reduce their killing strength．The snow ranger learns to do this by using artillery, by blasting with TNT, and by the difficult and skillful art of skiing avalanches down．

　　The snow ranger, dressed in a green parka which has a bright yellow shoulder patch, means safety for people on ski slopes．He pulls the trigger on a 75 mm．Recoilless rifle, skis waist deep in powder testing snow stability, or talks with the ski area’s operator as he goes about his work to protect the public from the hazards of deep snow on steep mountain slopes．

(1)

The snow rangers are employees of ________
[　　]
A．	the Forest Service．
B．	the Resource Bureau．
C．	the Tourist Board．
D．	the Sports Bureau．

(2)

A snow ranger himself must be ________
[　　]
A．	a college graduate．
B．	a physicist．
C．	a geologist．
D．	a mountaineer．

(3)

A snow ranger uses very powerful guns
[　　]
A．	to warn skiers of an approaching avalanche．
B．	to signal for help in an emergency．
C．	to create an avalanche．
D．	to communicate with the ski area'operator．

(4)

The primary duty of the snow ranger is ________
[　　]
A．	To make sure ski area operators are following safety rules．
B．	To predict and control avalanches in mountainous areas．
C．	To check skis and repair them．
D．	To forecast the weather．

(5)

The passage implies that a snow ranger
[　　]
A．	knows how to use a pistol．
B．	must write lengthy reports on his work．
C．	may travel many miles when he is on duty．
D．	has a long working day．

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