Cloze Test

Read the following passage, and choose the one that best fits into the passage.

　　The Aswan High Dam was completed in 1970. It was built for several 1 . First, the River Nile used to 2 large areas every year and destroyed 3 and crops. The Aswan High Dam 4 the waters of the Nile 5 they now run regularly all through the year. Second, 6 can now be made from the water which rushes 7 the base of the dam.

　　 8 they began to build the dam, people 9 knew that there were going to be several 10 . As a 11 of the dam, the water level of the lake was going to 12 by 63 meters. It would be 13 to move 53, 000 people from their villages. 14 , around the area of Aswan there are a lot of important old temples, 15 date from about 1250 BC. These temples were in 16 ; when the dame was finished, many of them would be covered by the waters of the new 17 .

　　One of the most important temples in danger was 18 at Abu Simbel. It was carved in rock and had on the outside four large stone 19 , each of which was 20 meters high. Engineers studied the problem and made several different 20 for rescuing the temple.

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Life on earth depends on water, and there is no substitute for it. The current assumption is that our basic needs for water — whether for drinking, agriculture, industry or the raising of fish will always have to be met . Given that premise (前提), there are two basic routes we can go: more equal access to water or better engineering solutions.
Looking at the engineering solution first, a lot of my research concentrates on what happens to wetlands when you build dams in river basins, particularly in Africa. The ecology of such areas is almost entirely driven by the seasonal changes of the river — the pulse of the water. And the fact is that if you build a dam, you generally spoil the downstream ecology. In the past, such problems have been hidden by a lack of information. But in the near future, governments will have no excuse for their ignorance.
The engineers’ ability to control water flows has created new kinds of unpredictability, too. Dams in Africa have meant fewer fish, less grazing and less floodplain (洪泛区) agriculture — none of which were expected. And their average economic life is assumed to be thirty years. Dams don’t exist forever, but what will replace them is not clear.
The challenge for the future is to find new means of controlling water. Although GM technology (转基因) will allow us to breed better dry-land crops, there is no market for companies to develop crops suitable for the micro-climates of the Sahel and elsewhere in Africa. Who is going to pay for research on locally appropriate crops in the Third World?
【小题1】What’s the main idea of this passage?

One dark stormy night, an elderly couple hurried into a hotel and asked whether they could be  36  for the night, “I’m very sorry,” the clerk on night shift said politely, “we are all  37 tonight.  38 ,you could stay in my room if you don’t mind. I’m 39 ,so I’ll be here.” The young man gave the sincere advice.
The elderly couple accepted his  40  with gratitude. They apologized for the  41  they had caused him. The next day, the rain stopped and it  42 . When the old gentleman went to pay his bill, the same clerk said, “The room you and your wife stayed in is not a proper   43  room in this hotel, so you don’t need to pay.”
The old gentleman nodded in  44  : “You are an employee that every boss in the hotel business would dream of . Perhaps someday I’ll build a hotel for you.” The clerk was  45  but, deciding that the guest must have been 46  , he gave the remark  47 thought.
Two years later, the young man received a letter from the old gentleman, in which he  48 the experience of that dark stormy night. The letter also  49 a formal invitation, asking that young man to pay a visit.
At a street corner in Manhattan, the young man met his  50  guest. The old gentleman, pointing to a magnificent new building  51  over the crossroads, “Look, that is the hotel I 52 to build for you. I hope you will  53  it for me .Remember what I said then? Well, I was  54  about it.”
The young man stammered, “But…will there be any   55 , sir? Why do you choose me? And who are you?”
“My name is William Aster.” This building was none other than the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel, a symbol of supreme status and honor in New York.

T-shirts out; uniforms in
School uniforms（制服） are becoming more and more popular across the U.S.A. That’s no surprise, because they offer many benefits. They immediately end the powerful social sorting and labeling (标记) that come from clothing. If all students are dressed in the same way, they will not pay too much attention to their clothing, and some of them will not be laughed at for wearing the “wrong” clothes.
Some people are against the strict rule of school uniforms, but they do not realize that students already accept a kind of rule — wanting to look just like their friends. The difference is that the clothing students choose for themselves creates social barriers(障碍); school uniforms tear those barriers down.
As in other places, uniforms remind the wearers of their purposes and duties. For example, when a man or woman puts on a police uniform, he or she becomes, for a time, the symbol (象征) of law and order. The uniform means to the wearer his or her special duties and sends the same message to everyone the wearer meets. People with different jobs wear uniforms of one kind or another. For students, the school uniform reminds them that their task for the six or seven hours they are in school is to get an education.
Some parents are unhappy about uniforms, saying that school uniforms will affect their children’s “creativity.” First, the clothes students choose to wear do not necessarily express their individuality (个性). They just copy their classmates. Second, students have the rest of the day to be as creative as they like. While they’re in school, their job is to master reading, writing, and maths; this should take up all the creativity they have. Mastery of those skills will be good for the students to build up their creativity in every way.
【小题1】From the passage we learn that uniforms in general       .