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Every February, across the country, candy, flowers, and gifts are exchanged between loved ones, all in the name of St. Valentine. But who is this mysterious saint and why do we celebrate this holiday?
The history of Valentine's Day—and its patron saint(守护神)—is covered in mystery. But we do know that February has long been a month of romance. St. Valentine's Day, as we know it today, contains signs of both Christian and ancient Roman tradition.
So, who was Saint Valentine and how did he become connected with this ancient tradition? Today, the Catholic Church recognizes at least three different saints named Valentine or Valentinus, all of whom were dead . One legend describes that Valentine was a priest who served during the third century in Rome. When Emperor Claudius Ⅱ decided that single men made better soldiers than those with wives and families, he outlawed (使……不受法律保护) marriage for young men—his crop of potential soldiers. Valentine, realizing the injustice(不公正)of the rule, fought against Claudius and continued to perform marriages for young lovers in secret. When Valentine's actions were discovered, Claudius ordered that he be put to death. Other stories suggest that Valentine may have been killed for attempting to help Christians escape cruel Roman prisons where they were often beaten, even killed.
According to one legend, Valentine actually sent the first “Valentine” greeting himself. While in prison, it is believed that Valentine fell in love with a young girl—who may have been his jailor's daughter—who visited him during his imprisonment. Before his death, it is said that he wrote her a letter, which he signed “From your Valentine”, an expression that is still in use today. Although the truth behind the Valentine legends is gloomy, the stories certainly emphasize his appearance as a sympathetic, heroic, and, most importantly, romantic figure. It's no surprise that by the Middle Ages, Valentine was one of the most popular saints in England and France.
1.Why candy, flowers, and gifts are exchanged between loved ones every February?
[ ]
A.Mainly to show their love to their lovers.
B.Mainly to remember a person named Valentine.
C.Because they can't spend that day without these things.
D.Because February is a romantic month.
2.From this passage, why have people called that day Saint Valentine's Day?
[ ]
A.A priest called Valentine performed marriages for young lovers in secret.
B.A person called Valentine helped to save many Christians.
C.A person called Valentine wrote her lover a letter, which he signed “From your Valentine” .
D.It doesn't tell us exactly.
3.In the fourth paragraph, what's the meaning of the second “Valentine”?
[ ]
A.The person “Valentine”.
B.A thing as a gift in that day.
C.A signature in the lovers' day for the first time .
D.No real meaning.
4.What does the passage mainly talk about?
[ ]
A.How to spend Saint Valentine's Day.
B.The history of Saint Valentine's Day.
C.Why we should spend Saint Valentine's Day.
D.Why we should remember the person named Valentine.
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C
Being considered a leader in our society is indeed of high praise. Leadership means power, commands, respect and, most important, encourages achievement. Unlike vitamin C, leadership skills can’t be easily swallowed down. They must be carefully cultivated.
Different from popular belief, most good leaders are made, not born. They learn their skills in their everyday lives. But which do they develop?How do they (and how can you) get others to follow?
Always give credit. Many leaders note that the most efficient way to get a good performance from others is to treat them like heroes. Giving public credit to someone who has earned it is the best leadership technique in the world. It is also an act of generosity (慷慨) that’s never forgotten.
Giving credit is more effective than even the most constructive criticism (批评), which often hurts rather than helps. Kenneth Blanchard, the author of The One-Minute Manager, agrees. “Catch people doing something right!” he says. Then tell everyone about it.
Take informed risks. “The best leaders know that taking a risk is not a thoughtless exercise,” says management adviser Marilyn Machlowitz. “Sky divers don’t go up in an airplane without checking the parachutes (降落伞) beforehand.”
Because the idea of risk also carries with it the possibility of failure, many of us usually wait for others to take charge. But if you want to be a leader, you must learn to fail and not die a thousand deaths. Pick yourself up and start all over again.
Encourage enthusiasm (热情). “When people understand the important of work, they lend their mental strengths,” says Lee Ducat. But when they get excited about the work, all their energy gets poured into the job. That’s a great force! Is this the best way to create excitement? Be enthusiastic yourself. You will be followed by everyone.
64.The underlined word “cultivated” (in paragraph1) roughly means ________.
A.encouraged B.compared C.examined D.developed
65.The part “always give credit” tells us that a leader should _______.
A.give helpful criticism B.regard others as real heroes
C.praise people for their good performances D.praise everyone
66.To be a good leader, you should _______.
A.not be afraid of any risks B.think twice before taking risks
C.try to avoid any possible failures D.know what a thoughtless exercise is
67.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A.Leadership is of skills and techniques B.Leadership is very important
C.Not many can be leaders D.How to be a leader
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As Mrs.Thompson stood in front of her 5th grade class on the very first day of school, she told the children a lie. Like most teachers, she looked at her students and said that she loved them all the same.
But that was impossible,because there in the front row,slumped in his seat, was a little boy named Teddy Stoddard.Mrs.Thompson noticed that he didn’t play well with the other children,that his clothes were messy and that he constantly needed a bath.And Teddy could be unpleasant. It got to the point where Mrs.Thompson would actually take delight in marking his papers with a broad red pen,making bold X’s and then putting a big “F”at the top of his papers.
However,when she reviewed his file,she got a surprise.
Teddy’s first grade teacher wrote,“Teddy is a bright child with a ready laugh. He does his work neatly and has good manners... he is a joy to be around.”
His second grade teacher wrote,“Teddy is an excellent student,well liked by his classmates,but he is troubled because his mother has a terminal illness and life at home must be a struggle.”
His third grade teacher wrote,“His mother’s death has been hard on him. He tries to do his best but his father doesn’t show much interest and his home life will soon affect him if some steps aren’t taken.”
Teddy’s fourth grade teacher wrote,“Teddy is withdrawn and doesn’t show much interest in school.He doesn’t have many friends and sometimes sleeps in class.”
Now, Mrs. Thompson was ashamed of herself and felt worse when her students brought her beautifully wrapped Christmas presents. Teddy’s present,however,was clumsily wrapped in rough brown grocery paper.Taking her time she opened Teddy’s gifts,a rhinestone bracelet with stones missing and a quarter full perfume bottle.How the children laughed!“What a pretty bracelet! Mm,lovely perfume!Perfect on my wrist,”The children were silent.
After school,Teddy told Mrs. Thompson,“Today you smelled just like my mom used to...”His teacher cried all night and, from that day,she stopped teaching reading, writing,and arithmetic and began to teach children instead.
1.What is the best title of this text?
A.A Student’s Best Friend B.How to Be a Good Student
C.The Story of a Good Teacher D.A Teacher’s Lesson
2.Which of the following is TRUE about Teddy?
A.He only bathed once a week. B.He had no friends at school.
C.His clothes were usually untidy. D.He was the worst student in the class.
3.How did Teddy’s behaviour change between Grades 1 and 4?
A.He became better at making friends. B.He became closer to his father.
C.He paid less attention to school. D.He stopped doing his homework.
4.Why did Mrs.Thompson feel ashamed after she read Teddy’s file?
A.She didn’t treat Teddy fairly.
B.She was being unpleasant to Teddy.
C.She took delight in failing Teddy in the exam.
D.She disliked Teddy for all his problems.
5.We can learn from the last paragraph that ________.
A.Mrs.Thompson was deeply hurt by Teddy’s words
B.Teddy missed his mother and desired love very much
C.Mrs.Thompson realised it useless to teach knowledge
D.Mrs.Thompson cried because she lied to Teddy about his presents
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