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Confucius (551BC～479BC), a Chinese philosopher，one of the most influential men in the history of China. Confucius was born in a noble family in the state of Lu. However，his parents were poor. His father died when Confucius was only three years old. In 527 BC he began his life as a teacher，usually traveling about and teaching the followers that were around him. Confucius worked as an official of the state of Lu. However，he soon left office to travel and teach. In 484 BC he returned to Lu，where he lived until his death.
Living in the turbulent(动荡的)period，Confucius believed that people must go back to the principles of the ancient wise men. He therefore lectured to his pupils on the classics and taught them how to behave properly in society. Confucius did not write down the principles of his philosophy. The Analects (《论语》)，a work written by some of his followers，is considered the most faithful source of information about his life and teachings.
The teachings of Confucius were practical and moral，rather than religious. He said that man's behavior should be based on five virtues：kindness, uprightness(义)，decorum(礼)，wisdom and faithfulness(信)．He asked everyone to fulfill their duties carefully toward the state. In the centuries after his death，his teachings，known as Confucianism，had a more powerful influence on the Chinese nation.
1.At about what age did Confucius begin his teaching？______
A．51. B．27. C．48. D．24.
2.The Analects is________.
A．considered to have been written by Confucius
B．about the principles of the ancient wise men
C．about Confucius' life and his teachings
D．considered to be practical in tricks and evils
3.It can be inferred that________.
A．Confucius was born in a very rich family
B．Confucius served as an official in his lifetime
C．the teachings of Confucius are religious
D．Confucianism was more popular after Confucius died
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When Mary Moore began her high school in 1951, her mother told her, "Be sure and take a typing course so when this show business thing doesn't work out, you'll have something to rely on. " Mary responded in typical teenage fashion. From that moment on, "the very last thing I ever thought about doing was taking a typing course," she recalls.
The show business thing worked out, of course. In her career, Mary won many awards. Only recently, when she began to write Growing Up Again, did she regret ignoring her morn," I don't know how to use a computer," she admits.
Unlike her 1995 autobiography, After All, her second book is less about life as an award-winning actress and more about living with diabetes (糖尿病). All the money from the book is intended for the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation (JDRF), an organization she serves as international chairman. "I felt there was a need for a book like this," she says. " I didn't want to lecture, but I wanted other diabetics to know that things get better when we're self-controlled and do our part in managing the disease. "
But she hasn't always practiced what she teaches. In her book, she describes that awful day, almost 40 years ago, when she received two pieces of life-changing news. First, she had lost the baby she was carrying, and second, tests showed that she had diabetes. In a childlike act, she left the hospital and treated herself to a box of doughnuts (甜甜圈). Years would pass before she realized she had to grow u p ---again---and take control of her diabetes, not let it control her. Only then did she kick her three-pack-a-day cigarette habit, overcome her addiction to alcohol, and begin to follow a balanced diet.
Although her disease has affected her eyesight and forced her to the sidelines of the dance floor, she refuses to fall into self-pity. "Everybody on earth can ask, 'why me?' about something or other," she insists. "It doesn't do any good. No one is immune (免疫的) to heartache, pain, and disappointments. Sometimes we can make things better by helping others. I've come to realize the importance of that as I've grown up this second time. I want to speak out and be as helpful as I can be. "
1.Why did Mary feel regretful?
A．She didn't achieve her ambition. B．She didn't take care of her mother.
C．She didn't complete her high school. D．She didn't follow her mother's advice.
2.When Mary received the life-changing news, she .
A．lost control of herself B．began a balanced diet
C．need to get a treatment D．behaved in an adult way
3.What can we know from the last paragraph?
A．Mary feels pity for herself.
B．Mary has recovered from her disease.
C．Mary wants to help others as much as possible.
D．Mary determines to go back to the dance floor.
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A. His early career
B. His return and Apple's growth
C. His moving back and its effect
D. His memory living on forever
E. Struggling hard for his career
F. Public recognition （承认）of his work
Steve Paul Jobs was an American businessman and widely recognized as a pioneer of the personal computer revolution（革命）. He was co-founder, chairman, and CEO of Apple Company. His death is a great loss to us. The following is some more information about him.
1.
After Apple's founding, Steve Jobs became a symbol of his company and industry. At the time of his resignation, and again after his death, he was widely described as a pioneer and genius perhaps one of the foremost in the field of business, creation and product design, and a man who had changed the face of the modern world, completely changed at least six different industries. His death was considered a loss to the world by commentators(评论家) across the globe.
2.
Memorial candles and iPads to Steve Jobs lie outside the Apple Store in Palo Alto, California. Apple has lost a creative genius, and the world has lost an amazing human being. Those who have been fortunate enough to know and work with Steve Jobs have lost a dear friend and an inspiring guide. Steve jobs leaves behind a company that only he could have built, and his spirit will forever be the foundation of Apple.
3.
As is still clearly remembered, it was not long before Steve Jobs left his office as CEO of Apple. But he remained at the company as chairman of the company's board. Hours after the announcement, Apple shares dropped by five percent in after-hour trading. The relatively small drop, when considering the importance of Steve Jobs to Apple, was associated with the fact that his health had been in the news for several years, and he was on medical leave since January 2011.
4.
Steve Jobs took a job as a technician at Atari company in California in 1974. He traveled to India in the summer of 1974. Seven months later, he returned to Atari and was assigned to create a circuit board for the game Breakout. With Wozniak, the founder of Atari, Steve Jobs began attending meetings of the Homebrew Computer Club where he got to know Edwin H. Land, the inventor of instant photography and founder of Polaroid Corporation, and modeled his career after him.
5.
Apple announced that it would buy NeXT for $429 million. The deal was finally made in late 1996, bringing Steve Jobs back to the company he co-founded. In order to concentrate Apple's efforts, Steve Jobs stopped a number of projects. With the purchase of NeXT, much of the company's technology found its way into Apple products. Under his guidance the company increased sales significantly with the introduction of the iMac and other new products. Since then, appealing designs and powerful branding have worked well for Apple.
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It was a sunny day. A city man was driving along a country road with a new wagon(马车)and a beautiful pair of horses. He didn’t pay a lot of 1 to where he was going. Pretty soon he 2 that he was lost, but he 3 to drive, expecting to find his way or to 4 someone who could tell him how to get back to the 5 .
It was a long 6 road. For many hours he kept on driving. When it was almost 7 , he saw in a 8 a tall farmer ploughing the land. He stopped his 9 team of horses near the fence and called out, “Hello, farmer.”
“Hello, yourself,” the farmer replied, 10 ploughing.
“Where does the horse 11 ? He asked without knowing his languages mistakes.
“I haven’t seen it go anywhere. It 12 stays right where it is,” said the farmer, 13 stopping his work.
“How far is it to the next town?” said the city man, speaking a little 14 .
“Don’t know. I never 15 it,” replied the farmer. By this time the city man was getting 16 . “What do you know? You’re the biggest fool I 17 saw.”
18 stopping, the farmer turned and looked for a long time 19 at the city man. Then he said, “Maybe I don’t know much. 20 I am a fool. But at least I’m not lost!”
1. A．signs B．orders C．attention D．direction
2. A．realized B．recognized C．accepted D．received
3. A．stopped B．used C．wanted D．continued
4. A．miss B．meet C．look D．lose
5. A．town B．country C．capital D．village
6. A．lonely B．busy C．dirty D．crowded
7. A．at noon B．at night C．raining D．dark
8. A．truck B．pile C．field D．store
9. A．strong B．tired C．weak D．tiring
10. A．but B．went on C．stopped D．still
11. A．go B．lead up C．get D．show
12. A．always B．often C．sometimes D．seldom
13. A．began B．still C．without D．already
14. A．clearly B．lower C．more loudly D．more politely
15. A．judged B．measured C．saw D．studied
16. A．sad B．lovely C．friendly D．angry
17. A．ever B．often C．even D．never
18. A．Still B．Not C．With D．Finally
19. A．gladly B．immediately C．in silence D．excitedly
20. A．Really B．Perhaps C．Certainly D．Fortunately
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My husband and son took a New York-to-Milwaukee flight that was supposed to leave Friday at 11:29 am. The flight boarded after 4 pm and didn’t leave the gate until 4:40, and half an hour later the pilot announced it would be another hour until takeoff. At that point a Jewish family, worried about violating the Sabbath （安息日）, asked to get off. Going back to the gate cost the plane its place in line for takeoff, and the flight was eventually cancelled. Was the airline right to grant that request?
M. W, Norwalk, CONN.
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Situations like that can bring out the worst in people. But despite the increasing resentment（怨恨） of a plane full of people, the pilot tried to do the right thing. He went out of his way to satisfy one family’s urgent need. He should not have done so.
Passengers bought tickets in the belief that the airline’s primary goal was to get them to their destination as close to the schedule as possible. Once they got on the plane and the doors are locked, it’s not correct to announce that the rules have changed and that a personal (as opposed to medical) emergency —no matter how urgent — might take precedence（优先）.
That would be just as true if turning back to the gate had merely cost a few minutes rather than doomed the flight entirely, since on a plane, even a slight delay can spread outward, from the people in the cabin to those meeting them to the passengers waiting to board the plane for the next leg of its journey and so on. It would also be true if the personal emergency were not religious — if someone suddenly realized she’d made a professional mistake that might cost her millions, and she had to race back to the office to fix it.
If a religious practice does nothing to harm others, then airlines should make a reasonable effort to accommodate it. Though that family has every right to observe the Sabbath, it has no right to enlist an airplane full of captive bystanders to help them do so. By boarding a flight on a Friday afternoon, the family knowingly risked running into trouble. The risk was theirs alone to bear.
1.M. W. wrote the letter to ask whether ______.
A．Any religious passenger has the right to ask the pilot to take off
B．The airline has the right to cancel the flight without any reason
C．A flight should meet any passenger’s need despite others’ benefit
D．A plane which has left the gate should give up taking off
2.What do we know from the reply letter?
A．The pilot did the right thing in spite of the fierce resentment.
B．The plane should turn back if anyone aboard is seriously ill.
C．Anybody who has boarded has no chance to get off the plane.
D．Any flight shouldn’t change its schedule no matter what has happened.
3.What does the underlined part in Paragraph 4 mean?
A．Turning back to the gate usually takes a plane quite a long time.
B．Nobody should take precedence to require the plane to turn back to the gate.
C．Even if it had taken a few minutes it was not right to turn back to the gate.
D．It was OK if turning back to the gate hadn’t caused the flight to be cancelled.
4.The author of the reply letter thinks that _________.
A．It’s right for the plane to turn back to the gate to save a passenger’s treasure
B．The Jewish family should give up observing the Sabbath after boarding
C．The biggest problem of turning back is to bring trouble to the pilot
D．The Jewish family had better avoid boarding on Friday afternoon
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